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Cannot be disabled.",{"_166":558,"_200":816},"Help us understand how visitors use our site to improve it.","marketing",{"_166":819,"_200":820},"Marketing","Used to show relevant ads and measure ad campaign effectiveness.","manageCookies","Manage Cookies","tags",{"_825":826,"_827":828,"_829":830,"_831":832,"_833":834,"_835":836,"_837":838,"_839":840,"_841":842,"_843":844,"_845":846,"_847":848,"_164":293,"_849":850,"_851":852,"_817":819,"_853":854,"_855":856,"_857":858,"_859":860,"_861":862,"_863":864,"_865":866,"_867":868,"_869":870,"_871":872,"_873":874,"_875":876,"_877":878,"_879":880,"_174":881,"_882":883,"_884":885,"_886":887,"_888":889,"_890":891,"_91":892,"_893":894,"_895":896,"_897":898,"_899":900,"_901":902,"_903":904,"_905":906,"_907":908,"_909":910,"_911":912,"_913":914,"_915":916,"_917":918,"_919":920,"_921":922,"_923":924,"_925":926,"_927":928,"_929":930,"_931":932,"_933":934,"_935":936,"_937":938,"_939":940,"_168":941,"_942":943,"_658":659,"_944":945,"_946":947,"_948":949,"_950":951,"_952":953,"_954":955,"_956":957,"_958":959,"_960":961,"_962":963,"_964":965},"math","Math","physics","Physics","chemistry","Chemistry","biology","Biology","science","Science","engineering","Engineering","environmental","Environmental","weather","Weather","marine","Marine","astronomy","Astronomy","finance","Finance","business","Business","insurance","Insurance","real-estate","Real Estate","hr","HR","dev","Dev","seo","SEO","security","Security","data","Data","networking","Networking","design","Design","media","Media","music","Music","art","Art","photography","Photography","video","Video","writing","Writing","health","Health","Medical","psychology","Psychology","fitness","Fitness","nutrition","Nutrition","education","Education","classroom","Classroom","Language","history","History","geography","Geography","food","Food","travel","Travel","home","Home","parenting","Parenting","pets","Pets","fashion","Fashion","trades","Trades","welding","Welding","electrical","Electrical","plumbing","Plumbing","hvac","HVAC","construction","Construction","automotive","Automotive","aviation","Aviation","political","Political","cultural","Cultural","social","Social","religious","Religious","entertainment","Entertainment","gambling","Gambling","sports","Sports","gaming","Gaming","Text","documents","Documents","teachers","Teachers","students","Students","developers","Developers","businesses","Businesses","parents","Parents","kids","Kids","professionals","Professionals","fifa-2026","FIFA 2026","olympics-2026","Olympics 2026","seasonal","Seasonal","trending","Trending","tools/2048-game",{"_166":968,"_200":969,"_970":971,"_972":973,"_974":975,"_976":977,"_978":979,"_980":981,"_982":983,"_112":113,"_984":985,"_989":990},"2048 Game","Play the classic 2048 puzzle game - combine tiles to reach 2048!","score","SCORE","best","BEST","newGame","New Game","youWin","You Win!","keepPlaying","Keep Playing","gameOver","Game Over!","finalScore","Final Score","instructions",{"_986":987,"_319":988},"desktop","Use arrow keys to move tiles. When two tiles with the same number touch, they merge into one!","Swipe to move tiles. When two tiles with the same number touch, they merge into one!","info",{"_166":991,"_200":992,"_993":994,"_995":996,"_997":998,"_999":1000,"_1001":1002,"_230":1003,"_1004":1005,"_1006":1007,"_1008":1009},"About 2048","2048 is a sliding tile puzzle game where you combine numbered tiles to reach the 2048 tile. It's simple to learn but challenging to master!","howToPlay","How to Play","rule1","Use arrow keys (or swipe on mobile) to move all tiles in one direction","rule2","When two tiles with the same number touch, they merge into one tile with double the value","rule3","After each move, a new tile (2 or 4) appears in a random empty spot","rule4","The game is won when you create a 2048 tile, but you can keep playing to get an even higher score!","Tips & Strategy","tip1","Keep your highest value tile in a corner and build around it","tip2","Focus on merging tiles in one direction to maintain organization","tip3","Don't rush - think ahead about how tiles will move and merge","tools/age-calculator",{"_166":1012,"_200":1013,"_1014":1015,"_57":1020,"_136":1027,"_989":1032,"_224":1035,"_1042":1043,"_228":1046},"Age Calculator","Calculate your exact age in years, months, and days","fields",{"_1016":1017,"_1018":1019},"birthDate","Birth Date","currentDate","Current Date",{"_1021":1022,"_1023":1024,"_1025":1026},"ageYears","Years","ageMonths","Months","ageDays","Days",{"_1028":1029,"_1030":1031},"example1","Born 2000","example2","Born 1995",{"_166":1033,"_200":1034},"How to Use This Age Calculator","Enter your birth date to calculate your exact age and see interesting statistics about your time on Earth.",{"_1036":1037,"_1038":1039,"_1040":1041},"step1","Enter your birth date in the first field","step2","Optionally change the current date to calculate age at a specific point","step3","View your age broken down into years, months, and days","methodology",{"_166":227,"_1044":1045},"explanation","The calculator computes the difference between your birth date and the current date, accounting for varying month lengths and leap years to give you precise results.",{"_1047":1048,"_1053":1054},"q1",{"_1049":1050,"_1051":1052},"question","How is the age calculated?","answer","The calculator subtracts your birth date from the current date, then adjusts for month lengths and leap years to provide an exact breakdown of years, months, and days.","q2",{"_1049":1055,"_1051":1056},"Can I calculate age for a past or future date?","Yes, you can change the current date field to calculate what your age was or will be at any point in time.","tools/anagram-solver",{"_166":1059,"_200":1060,"_136":1061,"_1065":1066,"_1073":1074,"_57":1077,"_1089":1090,"_1096":1097,"_989":1100},"Anagram Solver","Find anagrams and unscramble words instantly",{"_1062":1062,"_1063":1063,"_1064":1064},"listen","silent","evil","inputs",{"_1067":1068,"_1069":1070,"_1071":1072},"lettersLabel","Letters to Unscramble","lettersPlaceholder","Enter letters...","minLengthLabel","Minimum Word Length","buttons",{"_1075":1076},"findAnagrams","🔍 Find Anagrams",{"_1078":1079,"_1080":1081,"_1082":1082,"_1083":1084,"_1085":1086,"_1087":1088},"foundWords","Found {{count}} word","foundWordsPlural","Found {{count}} words","letters","letterWords","{{length}}-Letter Words ({{count}})","clickToCopy","💡 Click any word to copy it","clickToCopyTitle","Click to copy","noResults",{"_1091":1092,"_166":1093,"_1094":1095},"emoji","🤔","No words found","message","Try different letters or decrease the minimum word length","emptyState",{"_1091":1098,"_1094":1099},"🔤","Enter letters and click \"Find Anagrams\"",{"_166":1101,"_1102":1103,"_1104":1105,"_1106":1107,"_1108":1062,"_1109":1110,"_1111":1064,"_1112":1113,"_1114":1115,"_1116":1117,"_1118":1119,"_1120":1121,"_1122":1123,"_1124":1125,"_1126":1127,"_1128":1129,"_1130":1131,"_1132":1133,"_1134":1135,"_1136":1137,"_1138":1139},"About Anagrams","whatIsTitle","What is an Anagram?","whatIsDesc","An anagram is a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of another word or phrase. For example, \"listen\" and \"silent\" are anagrams.","famousTitle","Famous Anagrams","famous1","famous1Words","silent, enlist, tinsel","famous2","famous2Words","live, veil, vile","famous3","heart","famous3Words","earth, hater","famous4","master","famous4Words","stream, tamers","famous5","angel","famous5Words","angle, glean","usesTitle","Uses for Anagram Solver","use1","Scrabble and Words with Friends gameplay","use2","Crossword puzzle solving","use3","Word games and brain teasers","use4","Creative writing and wordplay","use5","Learning new vocabulary","use6","Password generation ideas","tools/angular-momentum-calculator",{"_166":1142,"_200":1143,"_1065":1144,"_1168":1169,"_1174":1175,"_136":1184,"_57":1188,"_1201":1202,"_1172":1209,"_1199":1234,"_1235":1236,"_1238":1239,"_989":1257},"Angular Momentum Calculator","Calculate angular momentum, moment of inertia, and rotational kinetic energy for various shapes",{"_1145":1146,"_1147":1148,"_1149":1150,"_1151":1152,"_1153":1154,"_1155":1156,"_1157":1158,"_1159":1160,"_1161":1162,"_1163":1164,"_1165":1166,"_1167":1152},"modeLabel","Calculation Type","shapeLabel","Shape","massLabel","Mass (kg)","massPlaceholder","e.g., 2","radiusLabel","Radius (m)","radiusPlaceholder","e.g., 0.5","lengthLabel","Length (m)","lengthPlaceholder","e.g., 1","angularVelocityLabel","Angular Velocity (rad/s)","angularVelocityPlaceholder","e.g., 10","momentOfInertiaLabel","Moment of Inertia (kg·m²)","momentOfInertiaPlaceholder","modes",{"_1170":1171,"_1172":1173},"momentum","Angular Momentum (L = Iω)","conservation","Conservation (I₁ω₁ = I₂ω₂)","shapes",{"_1176":1177,"_1178":1179,"_1180":1181,"_1182":1183},"disk","Solid Disk","sphere","Solid Sphere","rod","Thin Rod","point_mass","Point Mass",{"_1176":1185,"_1178":1186,"_1180":1187},"Spinning Disk","Rotating Ball","Pendulum Rod",{"_166":58,"_1189":1190,"_1191":1192,"_1193":1194,"_1195":1196,"_1197":1198,"_1199":1200},"angularMomentum","Angular Momentum (L)","momentOfInertia","Moment of Inertia (I)","rotationalKE","Rotational KE","kineticEnergy","Rotational Kinetic Energy","formulaTitle","Formula for","visualization","Visualization","units",{"_1189":1203,"_1191":1204,"_1205":1206,"_1207":1208},"kg·m²/s","kg·m²","energy","J","angularVelocity","rad/s",{"_166":1210,"_1211":1212,"_1213":1214,"_1215":1216,"_1217":1218,"_1219":1220,"_1221":1222,"_1223":1224,"_1225":1226,"_1227":1228,"_1229":1230,"_1231":1232,"_1233":1233},"Conservation of Angular Momentum","initialState","Initial State","finalState","Final State","finalAngularVelocity","Final Angular Velocity","angularMomentumConserved","Angular Momentum (conserved)","energyAnalysis","Energy Analysis","initialKE","Initial KE","finalKE","Final KE","change","Change","energyNote","Note: When moment of inertia decreases, rotational kinetic energy increases (and vice versa), even though angular momentum is conserved. This energy comes from/goes to internal work.","before","Before","after","After","conserved",{"_166":1200,"_1229":1230,"_1231":1232,"_1233":1233},"empty",{"_1094":1237},"Enter valid values to calculate angular momentum","formulas",{"_166":1240,"_1189":1241,"_1193":1242,"_1172":1243,"_1176":1244,"_1178":1245,"_1180":1246,"_1247":1248,"_1249":1250,"_1251":1252,"_1253":1254,"_1255":1256},"Formulas","L = I × ω","KE = ½Iω²","I₁ω₁ = I₂ω₂","Disk: I = ½MR²","Sphere: I = ⅖MR²","Rod: I = 1/12 ML²","pointMass","Point Mass: I = MR²","diskDescription","Solid disk rotating about central axis perpendicular to disk","sphereDescription","Solid sphere rotating about any diameter","rodDescription","Thin rod rotating about center perpendicular to length","point_massDescription","Point mass at distance R from rotation axis",{"_166":1258,"_200":1259,"_1260":1261,"_1262":1263,"_1264":1265,"_1266":1267,"_1268":1269,"_1126":1270,"_1128":1271,"_1130":1272,"_1132":1273,"_1134":1274,"_1275":1276,"_1004":1277,"_1006":1278,"_1008":1279},"About Angular Momentum Calculator","Calculate angular momentum for rotating objects of various shapes. This tool computes moment of inertia, angular momentum, and rotational kinetic energy using classical mechanics equations. It also demonstrates conservation of angular momentum when moment of inertia changes.","conceptsTitle","Key Concepts","concept1","Angular momentum (L) is the rotational analog of linear momentum","concept2","Moment of inertia (I) depends on both mass distribution and rotation axis","concept3","Angular momentum is conserved in the absence of external torques","concept4","Different shapes have different moment of inertia formulas","Common Applications","Physics education and homework problems","Engineering analysis of rotating machinery","Understanding ice skater spins and figure skating","Gyroscope and flywheel design","tipsTitle","Tips","Angular velocity in rad/s: 1 revolution = 2π radians","Moment of inertia increases with mass and distance from axis","Conservation mode shows how ω changes when I changes (like an ice skater pulling arms in)","tools/arc-length-calculator",{"_166":1282,"_200":1283,"_1065":1284,"_57":1297,"_136":1311,"_1235":1317,"_1238":1319,"_989":1326},"Arc Length Calculator","Calculate arc length, sector area, chord length, and other circle properties",{"_1153":1285,"_1155":1286,"_1287":1288,"_1289":1290,"_1291":1292,"_1293":1294,"_1295":1296},"Radius","e.g., 5","angleLabel","Central Angle","anglePlaceholder","e.g., 60","angleUnitLabel","Angle Unit","degrees","Degrees","radians","Radians",{"_166":58,"_1199":1298,"_1299":1300,"_1301":1302,"_1303":1304,"_1305":1306,"_1307":1308,"_1309":1310},"Arc Visualization","arcLength","Arc Length","chordLength","Chord Length","sectorArea","Sector Area","additionalProperties","Additional Properties","segmentArea","Segment Area","angle","Angle",{"_1312":1313,"_1314":1315,"_1295":1316},"quarter","Quarter Circle","semicircle","Semicircle","π/2 Radians",{"_1094":1318},"Enter a positive radius to calculate arc properties",{"_166":1240,"_1299":1320,"_1303":1321,"_1322":1323,"_1324":1325},"Arc length: s = rθ","Sector area: A = ½r²θ","chord","Chord: c = 2r sin(θ/2)","note","θ must be in radians for these formulas",{"_166":1327,"_200":1328,"_1260":1261,"_1262":1329,"_1264":1330,"_1266":1331,"_1268":1332,"_1126":1270,"_1128":1333,"_1130":1334,"_1132":1335,"_1134":1336,"_1275":1276,"_1004":1337,"_1006":1338,"_1008":1339},"About Arc Length Calculator","Calculate the arc length of a circular segment, along with related properties like sector area, chord length, and segment area. This tool is essential for geometry, engineering, and design applications.","Arc length is the distance along the curved line of the circle between two points","The sector is the 'pie slice' region bounded by two radii and the arc","The chord is the straight line connecting the two endpoints of the arc","The segment is the region between the chord and the arc","Architecture and construction (calculating curved surfaces, arches)","Mechanical engineering (gears, pulleys, rotational systems)","Road design (calculating curve lengths and radii)","Manufacturing (cutting curved materials, calculating material usage)","For a full circle (360° or 2π radians), arc length equals circumference (2πr)","Always convert degrees to radians when using the formulas: 1° = π/180 radians","The visualization shows the sector (shaded), arc (thick line), and chord (dashed line)","tools/aspect-ratio-calculator",{"_166":1342,"_200":1343,"_136":1344,"_1168":1351,"_1360":1361,"_1354":1378,"_1356":1399,"_1358":1410,"_989":1432,"_1235":1469},"Aspect Ratio Calculator","Calculate and maintain aspect ratios",{"_1345":1346,"_1347":1348,"_1349":1350},"fullHD","Full HD (16:9)","wuxga","WUXGA (16:10)","instagramSquare","Instagram Square (1:1)",{"_1352":1353,"_1354":1355,"_1356":1357,"_1358":1359},"label","Calculator Mode","resize","Resize (maintain ratio)","findRatio","Find Aspect Ratio","crop","Crop to Ratio","commonRatios",{"_1362":1363,"_1364":1365,"_1366":1367,"_1368":1369,"_1370":1371,"_1372":1373,"_1374":1375,"_1376":1377},"16:9","16:9 (HD, Full HD, 4K)","16:10","16:10 (WUXGA)","4:3","4:3 (Classic TV)","1:1","1:1 (Square)","21:9","21:9 (Ultrawide)","9:16","9:16 (Portrait)","3:2","3:2 (Photography)","2:3","2:3 (Portrait Photo)",{"_1379":1380,"_1381":1382,"_1383":1384,"_1385":1386,"_1387":1388,"_1389":1390,"_1391":1392,"_1393":1394,"_1395":1396,"_1397":1398},"originalWidth","Original Width","originalHeight","Original Height","currentRatio","Current Ratio: ","lockDimension","Lock Dimension","lockWidth","Width (calculate height)","lockHeight","Height (calculate width)","newWidth","New Width","newHeight","New Height","newDimensionsTitle","📐 New Dimensions","ratio","Ratio: ",{"_1400":1401,"_1402":1403,"_1404":1405,"_1406":1407,"_1408":1409},"width","Width","height","Height","aspectRatio","Aspect Ratio","decimal","Decimal: ","commonRatioMatch","Common Ratio Match",{"_1411":1412,"_1413":1414,"_1415":1416,"_1417":1418,"_1397":1398,"_1419":1420,"_1421":1422,"_1423":1424,"_28":1425,"_1426":1427,"_1428":1429,"_1430":1431},"currentWidth","Current Width","currentHeight","Current Height","targetRatio","Target Aspect Ratio","croppedDimensionsTitle","✂️ Cropped Dimensions","detailsTitle","💡 Crop Details","cropFromSides","Crop from sides","cropFromTopBottom","Crop from top/bottom","Remove ","from","from ","original","Original: ","cropped","Cropped: ",{"_166":1433,"_1434":1435,"_1436":1362,"_1437":1438,"_1439":1366,"_1440":1441,"_1442":1368,"_1443":1444,"_1445":1370,"_1446":1447,"_1448":1372,"_1449":1450,"_1451":1374,"_1452":1453,"_1454":1455,"_1456":1457,"_1458":1459,"_1460":1461,"_1462":1463,"_1275":1276,"_1004":1464,"_1006":1465,"_1008":1466,"_1467":1468},"About Aspect Ratios","commonRatiosTitle","Common Aspect Ratios","ratio16_9","ratio16_9Desc","Standard for HD video, monitors, TVs (1920×1080, 3840×2160)","ratio4_3","ratio4_3Desc","Classic TV and computer monitors (1024×768, 1600×1200)","ratio1_1","ratio1_1Desc","Square format, Instagram posts (1080×1080)","ratio21_9","ratio21_9Desc","Ultrawide monitors and cinematic video (2560×1080)","ratio9_16","ratio9_16Desc","Vertical video, Stories, TikTok (1080×1920)","ratio3_2","ratio3_2Desc","Photography standard (4000×6000 for 24MP)","whyMaintainTitle","Why Maintain Aspect Ratio?","whyMaintain1","Prevents distortion and stretching of images/videos","whyMaintain2","Maintains original composition and framing","whyMaintain3","Ensures content looks professional across platforms","whyMaintain4","Critical for responsive web design","Always maintain aspect ratio when resizing to avoid distortion","Use crop mode to fit specific platform requirements","Consider target platform before choosing aspect ratio","tip4","16:9 is the most versatile for general use",{"_1094":1470},"Enter dimensions to calculate aspect ratio","tools/barcode-generator",{"_166":1473,"_200":1474,"_136":1475,"_1065":1488,"_438":1500,"_1073":1509,"_1514":1515,"_989":1519},"Barcode Generator","Generate professional barcodes for products, inventory, and more",{"_1476":1477,"_1478":1479,"_1480":1481,"_1482":1483,"_1484":1485,"_1486":1487},"ean13","EAN-13 Product","ean13Text","123456789012","upc","UPC Code","upcText","012345678905","code128","Code128 Text","code128Text","PRODUCT-12345",{"_1489":1490,"_1491":1492,"_1493":1494,"_1495":1496,"_1484":1497,"_1476":1498,"_1480":1499},"textLabel","Text/Number to Encode","textPlaceholder","Enter barcode value","textHelper","Numbers for EAN/UPC, alphanumeric for Code128","typeLabel","Barcode Type","Code 128 (Alphanumeric)","EAN-13 (13 digits)","UPC (12 digits)",{"_1501":1502,"_1503":1504,"_1505":1506,"_1507":1508},"emptyText","Please enter text or number to encode","ean13Invalid","EAN-13 requires 12 or 13 digits","upcInvalid","UPC requires 11 or 12 digits","generateFailed","Failed to generate barcode: ",{"_1510":1511,"_1512":1513},"downloadSVG","Download SVG","downloadPNG","Download PNG","messages",{"_1516":1517,"_1096":1518},"downloadHint","Click download to save your barcode","Enter a value above to generate a barcode",{"_166":1520,"_1521":1522,"_1523":1524,"_1525":1526,"_1527":1528,"_1529":1530,"_1531":1532,"_1533":1534,"_1535":1536,"_1324":1537},"How to Use the Barcode Generator","intro","Generate barcodes for product labels, inventory management, or asset tracking. Choose the appropriate barcode type for your needs and download as SVG or PNG.","typesTitle","Barcode Types","code128Label","Code 128:","code128Desc","Most flexible, supports letters and numbers","ean13Label","EAN-13:","ean13Desc","Standard for retail products, requires 13 digits","upcLabel","UPC:","upcDesc","Common in North America, requires 12 digits","Note: This tool requires the jsbarcode library. Make sure it's loaded for full functionality.","tools/base64-encoder",{"_166":1540,"_200":1541,"_136":1542,"_1168":1555,"_1065":1560,"_1073":1571,"_1580":1581,"_438":1587,"_989":1593},"Base64 Encoder/Decoder","Encode text to Base64 or decode Base64 strings",{"_1543":1544,"_1545":1546,"_1547":1548,"_1549":1550,"_1551":1552,"_1553":1554},"helloWorld","Hello World","helloWorldText","Hello, World!","decodeHello","Decode Hello","decodeHelloText","SGVsbG8sIFdvcmxkIQ==","jsonData","JSON Data","jsonDataText","{\"name\":\"John\",\"age\":30}",{"_1556":1557,"_1558":1559},"encode","Encode","decode","Decode",{"_1561":1562,"_1563":1564,"_1565":1566,"_1567":1568,"_1569":1570},"textToEncode","Text to Encode","base64ToDecode","Base64 String to Decode","encodePlaceholder","Enter text to encode...","decodePlaceholder","Enter Base64 string to decode...","mode","Mode",{"_1572":1573,"_1574":1575,"_36":37,"_1576":1577,"_1578":1579},"encodeToBase64","Encode to Base64","decodeFromBase64","Decode from Base64","sample","Sample","copyToClipboard","Copy to Clipboard","outputs",{"_1582":1583,"_1584":1585,"_1586":1586},"base64Encoded","Base64 Encoded Output","decodedText","Decoded Text","characters",{"_166":1588,"_1589":1590,"_1591":1592},"Error","encodeFailed","Failed to encode. Make sure your text contains only valid characters.","invalidBase64","Invalid Base64 string. Please check your input.",{"_166":1594,"_1595":1596,"_1597":1598,"_1599":1600,"_1601":1602,"_1603":1604,"_1605":1606,"_1607":1608,"_1609":1610,"_1611":1612,"_1613":1614},"What is Base64?","base64","Base64:","base64Desc","Binary-to-text encoding scheme that represents binary data in ASCII string format","commonUses","Common Uses:","commonUsesDesc","Email attachments, embedding images in HTML/CSS, API authentication, data URLs","characterSet","Character Set:","characterSetDesc","A-Z, a-z, 0-9, +, / (64 characters total)","padding","Padding:","paddingDesc","Uses = for padding when data length isn't divisible by 3","sizeImpact","Size Impact:","sizeImpactDesc","Base64 encoded data is approximately 33% larger than original","tools/bill-of-lading-template",{"_166":1617,"_200":1618,"_136":1619,"_222":1624,"_1065":1635,"_1701":1702,"_1708":1709,"_1073":1712,"_507":1720,"_1774":1775,"_989":1812},"Bill of Lading Template","Generate professional shipping documents for freight and cargo",{"_1620":1621,"_1622":1623},"domestic","Domestic Shipment","international","International",{"_1625":1626,"_1627":1628,"_1629":1630,"_1631":1632,"_1633":1634},"shipperTitle","Shipper Information","consigneeTitle","Consignee Information","carrierTitle","Carrier Information","cargoTitle","Cargo Details","termsTitle","Terms & Conditions",{"_1636":1637,"_1638":1639,"_1640":1641,"_1642":1643,"_1644":1645,"_1646":1647,"_1648":1649,"_1650":1651,"_1652":1653,"_1654":1655,"_1656":1657,"_1658":431,"_1659":1643,"_1660":1645,"_1661":1647,"_1662":1649,"_1663":1651,"_1664":1653,"_1665":1655,"_1666":1657,"_1667":431,"_1668":1669,"_1670":1671,"_1672":1673,"_1674":1675,"_1676":1677,"_200":1678,"_1679":1680,"_1681":1682,"_1683":1684,"_1685":1686,"_1687":1688,"_1689":1690,"_1691":1692,"_1693":1694,"_1695":1696,"_1697":1698,"_1699":1700},"bolNumber","B/L Number","bolNumberPlaceholder","BOL-2024-0001","date","Date","shipperName","Company Name","shipperAddress","Address","shipperCity","City","shipperState","State/Province","shipperZip","ZIP/Postal Code","shipperCountry","Country","shipperContact","Contact Person","shipperPhone","Phone","shipperEmail","consigneeName","consigneeAddress","consigneeCity","consigneeState","consigneeZip","consigneeCountry","consigneeContact","consigneePhone","consigneeEmail","carrierName","Carrier Name","carrierScac","SCAC Code","trailerNumber","Trailer Number","sealNumber","Seal Number","proNumber","PRO Number","Description of Goods","descriptionPlaceholder","Enter cargo description...","quantity","Quantity","weight","Weight","weightUnit","Unit","dimensions","Dimensions (L×W×H)","freightClass","Freight Class","hazmat","Hazardous Material","hazmatClass","Hazmat Class","hazmatClassPlaceholder","e.g., Class 3","specialInstructions","Special Instructions","specialInstructionsPlaceholder","Handling instructions, delivery notes, etc.","document",{"_1703":1704,"_1705":1706,"_1707":1698},"bolNumberLabel","B/L Number:","dateLabel","Date:","specialInstructionsTitle","weightUnits",{"_1710":1710,"_1711":1711},"lbs","kg",{"_34":1713,"_1714":1715,"_122":123,"_1716":1717,"_1718":29,"_36":1719},"Generate Bill of Lading","print","Print Document","addItem","Add Cargo Item","removeItem","Clear Form",{"_166":1721,"_1426":1722,"_1723":1724,"_1725":1726,"_1727":1728,"_1729":1730,"_1731":1732,"_1733":1734,"_1735":1736,"_1737":1738,"_1739":1740,"_1741":1742,"_1743":1744,"_1745":1746,"_1747":1748,"_1749":1750,"_1751":1752,"_1753":1754,"_1755":1756,"_1757":1758,"_1759":1760,"_1767":52,"_1768":54,"_1769":1710,"_1770":1771,"_1772":1773},"Bill of Lading Preview","From","to","To","carrier","Carrier","items","Cargo Items","total","Total","terms","This is to certify that the above named carrier has received the goods described herein in apparent good order, except as noted, to be transported to the destination indicated. Subject to the terms and conditions on the reverse side hereof.","signatures","Signatures","shipperSignature","Shipper Signature","carrierSignature","Carrier Signature","receiverSignature","Receiver Signature","documentTitle","BILL OF LADING","documentSubtitle","STRAIGHT BILL OF LADING - SHORT FORM","contact","Contact:","tel","Tel:","carrierLabel","Carrier:","scacLabel","SCAC:","proLabel","PRO#:","trailerLabel","Trailer#:","sealLabel","Seal#:","cargoTable",{"_200":638,"_1761":1762,"_1683":1684,"_1687":1763,"_1764":1765,"_1691":1766},"qty","Qty","Dimensions","class","Class","Hazmat","hazmatYes","hazmatNo","lbsUnit","dateSignature","Date: _______________","itemNumber","Item","freightClasses",{"_1776":1777,"_1778":1779,"_1780":1781,"_1782":1783,"_1784":1785,"_1786":1787,"_1788":1789,"_1790":1791,"_1792":1793,"_1794":1795,"_1796":1797,"_1798":1799,"_1800":1801,"_1802":1803,"_1804":1805,"_1806":1807,"_1808":1809,"_1810":1811},"50","Class 50 (Clean Freight)","55","Class 55","60","Class 60","65","Class 65","70","Class 70","85","Class 85","100","Class 100","110","Class 110","125","Class 125","150","Class 150","175","Class 175","200","Class 200","250","Class 250","300","Class 300","400","Class 400","500","Class 500 (Low Density)","77.5","Class 77.5","92.5","Class 92.5",{"_166":1813,"_200":1814,"_1523":1815,"_1816":1817,"_1818":1819,"_1820":1821,"_1822":1823,"_1824":1825,"_1826":1827,"_1828":1829,"_1830":1831,"_1275":1276,"_1004":1832,"_1006":1833,"_1008":1834},"About Bill of Lading","A Bill of Lading (B/L) is a legal document between a shipper and carrier that details the type, quantity, and destination of goods being carried. It serves as a receipt, contract, and document of title.","B/L Functions","type1","Receipt: Acknowledges carrier received goods","type2","Contract: Terms between shipper and carrier","type3","Document of Title: Ownership evidence for cargo","fieldsTitle","Important Fields","field1","SCAC Code: Standard Carrier Alpha Code identifier","field2","PRO Number: Progressive/tracking number","field3","Freight Class: Determines shipping rates (50-500)","field4","Seal Number: Security seal identifier","Always keep copies for shipper, carrier, and consignee","Note any visible damage before signing","Verify weights and quantities match actual cargo","tools/binomial-probability-calculator",{"_166":1837,"_200":1838,"_136":1839,"_1065":1846,"_57":1853,"_1867":1868,"_989":1873,"_1235":1899},"Binomial Probability Calculator","Calculate binomial probabilities and distribution statistics",{"_1840":1841,"_1842":1843,"_1844":1845},"coinFlips","10 Coin Flips","testQuestions","20 Test Questions","productDefects","100 Product Quality",{"_1847":1848,"_1849":1850,"_1851":1852},"trials","n (trials)","successes","k (successes)","probability","p (probability)",{"_1854":1855,"_1851":1856,"_1857":1858,"_1859":1860,"_1861":1862,"_1863":1864,"_1865":1866},"distributionVisualization","Distribution Visualization","Probability","distributionStatistics","Distribution Statistics","mean","Mean (μ)","variance","Variance (σ²)","standardDeviation","Std Dev (σ)","fullDistribution","Full Distribution","formula",{"_166":1869,"_1851":1870,"_1871":1872},"Binomial Distribution","P(X=k) = C(n,k) × p^k × (1-p)^(n-k)","statistics","μ = np, σ² = np(1-p)",{"_166":1874,"_200":1875,"_1876":1877,"_1878":1879,"_1880":1881,"_1882":1883,"_1884":1885,"_136":1886,"_1028":1887,"_1030":1888,"_1889":1890,"_1891":1892,"_1893":1894,"_1895":1896,"_1897":1898},"About Binomial Distribution","The binomial distribution models the number of successes in a fixed number of independent trials, each with the same probability of success.","whenToUse","When to Use Binomial Distribution","condition1","Fixed number of trials (n)","condition2","Each trial has only two outcomes (success/failure)","condition3","Trials are independent","condition4","Probability of success (p) is constant","Common Examples","Coin flips: Getting heads in 10 tosses","Quality control: Defective items in a batch","example3","Medical trials: Success rate of a treatment","parametersTitle","Parameters","paramN","Number of independent trials","paramK","Number of successes we're calculating probability for","paramP","Probability of success on each trial (between 0 and 1)",{"_1094":1900},"Enter parameters to calculate probability","tools/bmi-calculator",{"_166":1903,"_200":1904,"_1014":1905,"_57":1921,"_323":1925,"_136":1934,"_989":1941,"_224":1944,"_1042":1950,"_228":1956},"BMI Calculator","Calculate your Body Mass Index and health metrics",{"_1683":1684,"_1685":1906,"_1907":1711,"_1908":1909,"_1910":1911,"_1912":1913,"_1914":1915,"_1402":1916,"_1917":1918,"_1919":1920},"Weight Unit","weightUnit.options.kg","weightUnit.options.lb","lb","heightUnit","Height Unit","heightUnit.options.cm","cm","heightUnit.options.ft","ft + in","Height (cm)","heightFeet","Feet","heightInches","Inches",{"_1922":1923,"_619":1924},"bmi","Your BMI","BMI Category",{"_1926":1927,"_1928":1929,"_1930":1931,"_1932":1933},"underweight","Underweight","normal","Normal weight","overweight","Overweight","obese","Obese",{"_1935":1936,"_1937":1938,"_1939":1940},"average-adult","Average Adult","athlete","Athlete","child","Child",{"_166":1942,"_200":1943},"About BMI","Body Mass Index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on height and weight. While it's a useful screening tool, it doesn't directly measure body fat and may not be accurate for athletes, elderly, or those with high muscle mass. Consult with a healthcare provider for personalized health advice.",{"_1036":1945,"_1038":1946,"_1040":1947,"_1948":1949},"Enter your weight using the unit selector (kg or lb)","Enter your height using the unit selector (cm or in)","Your BMI will calculate automatically and display your category","step4","Review the BMI categories reference table to understand your result",{"_166":1951,"_1867":1952,"_1044":1953,"_1954":1955},"How BMI is Calculated","BMI is calculated using the formula: weight (kg) / height (m)^2","The calculator automatically converts your inputs to metric units (kilograms and meters), then applies the standard BMI formula. For example, a person weighing 70 kg and standing 1.75 m tall would have a BMI of 22.9 (70 / 1.75^2).","interpretation","The resulting number is compared against standard BMI ranges defined by the World Health Organization to determine your weight category.",{"_1047":1957,"_1053":1960,"_1963":1964,"_1967":1968,"_1971":1972,"_1975":1976,"_1979":1980,"_1983":1984,"_1987":1988,"_1991":1992},{"_1049":1958,"_1051":1959},"Is BMI accurate for everyone?","BMI is a screening tool, not a diagnostic measure. It doesn't account for muscle mass, bone density, or body composition. Athletes and bodybuilders may have high BMI due to muscle mass but low body fat. Elderly individuals may have normal BMI but higher body fat due to muscle loss.",{"_1049":1961,"_1051":1962},"What BMI should I aim for?","A BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 is generally considered healthy for most adults. However, ideal BMI can vary based on age, ethnicity, and individual health factors. Consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice.","q3",{"_1049":1965,"_1051":1966},"Can BMI be different for men and women?","The BMI calculation formula is the same for both men and women, but interpretation may differ. Women typically have more body fat than men at the same BMI. Some health organizations use different BMI thresholds for men and women when assessing health risks.","q4",{"_1049":1969,"_1051":1970},"How often should I check my BMI?","For general health monitoring, checking BMI every few months is sufficient. If you're actively working on weight management, monthly checks can help track progress. Daily fluctuations in weight don't significantly affect BMI, so frequent checking isn't necessary.","q5",{"_1049":1973,"_1051":1974},"What are the limitations of BMI?","BMI doesn't distinguish between muscle and fat, doesn't account for age or sex differences in body composition, and may not accurately reflect health risks for certain ethnic groups. It also doesn't measure where fat is distributed on the body, which is important for health risk assessment.","q6",{"_1049":1977,"_1051":1978},"Does BMI apply to children?","BMI is calculated the same way for children, but interpretation is different. Children's BMI is compared to growth charts based on age and sex (BMI-for-age percentiles) rather than fixed categories used for adults.","q7",{"_1049":1981,"_1051":1982},"Can I use BMI if I'm pregnant?","BMI is not an accurate measure during pregnancy due to weight gain from the baby, amniotic fluid, and other pregnancy-related changes. Use your pre-pregnancy BMI if needed, but consult your healthcare provider for appropriate weight gain guidance during pregnancy.","q8",{"_1049":1985,"_1051":1986},"What's better than BMI for measuring health?","Body composition analysis, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat percentage provide more detailed insights. These measurements, combined with health markers like blood pressure and cholesterol, give a more complete picture of metabolic health than BMI alone.","q9",{"_1049":1989,"_1051":1990},"Can I have a high BMI and still be healthy?","Yes, it's possible to be metabolically healthy with a high BMI, especially if you have high muscle mass or are physically active. Some people with obesity have normal blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels. However, carrying excess weight long-term can increase health risks.","q10",{"_1049":1993,"_1051":1994},"How much weight do I need to lose to change BMI categories?","This depends on your height. For example, a 5'8\" person would need to lose about 10-15 pounds to move from overweight to normal weight. Use the BMI calculator to experiment with different weights to see what's needed to reach your target category.","tools/body-fat-calculator",{"_166":1997,"_200":1998,"_136":1999,"_1201":2004,"_1065":2009,"_57":2041,"_323":2048,"_989":2055,"_1235":2093},"Body Fat Calculator","Calculate your body fat percentage using the US Navy method",{"_2000":2001,"_2002":2003},"averageMale","Average Male","averageFemale","Average Female",{"_2005":2006,"_2007":2008},"imperial","Imperial (in/lbs)","metric","Metric (cm/kg)",{"_2010":2011,"_2012":2013,"_1919":2014,"_2015":1916,"_2016":2017,"_2018":2019,"_2020":2021,"_2022":2023,"_2024":2025,"_2026":2027,"_2028":2029,"_2030":2031,"_2032":2033,"_2034":2035,"_2036":2037,"_1201":2038,"_2039":2040},"male","Male","female","Female","Height (inches)","heightCm","weightLbs","Weight (lbs)","weightKg","Weight (kg)","neckInches","Neck (inches)","neckCm","Neck (cm)","neckHelper","Measure at narrowest point","waistInches","Waist (inches)","waistCm","Waist (cm)","waistHelper","Measure at navel","hipInches","Hip (inches)","hipCm","Hip (cm)","hipHelper","Measure at widest point","Units","gender","Gender",{"_2042":2043,"_2044":2045,"_2046":2047},"bodyFatPercentage","Body Fat Percentage","fatMass","Fat Mass","leanMass","Lean Mass",{"_2049":2050,"_2051":2052,"_884":885,"_2053":2054,"_1932":1933},"essentialFat","Essential Fat","athletes","Athletes","average","Average",{"_166":2056,"_2057":2058,"_2059":2060,"_2061":2062,"_2051":2063,"_2064":2065,"_884":2066,"_2067":2068,"_2053":2069,"_2070":2071,"_1932":2072,"_2073":2074,"_2075":2076,"_2077":2078,"_2079":2080,"_2081":2082,"_2083":2084,"_2085":2086,"_2087":2088,"_1004":2089,"_1006":2090,"_1008":2091,"_1467":2092},"Body Fat Categories","menTitle","Men","essential","Essential:","menEssential","2-5%","Athletes:","menAthletes","6-13%","Fitness:","menFitness","14-17%","Average:","menAverage","18-24%","Obese:","menObese","25%+","womenTitle","Women","womenEssential","10-13%","womenAthletes","14-20%","womenFitness","21-24%","womenAverage","25-31%","womenObese","32%+","howToMeasure","How to Measure","Use a flexible tape measure","Measure against bare skin","Keep tape snug but not tight","Measure 3 times and average",{"_509":2094},"Enter measurements to calculate body fat","tools/break-even-analysis-calculator",{"_166":2097,"_200":2098,"_136":2099,"_1065":2106,"_57":2119,"_2139":2140,"_438":2149,"_989":2152,"_1235":2172},"Break-Even Analysis Calculator","Calculate your break-even point and understand when your business becomes profitable",{"_2100":2101,"_2102":2103,"_2104":2105},"productBusiness","Product Business","serviceBusiness","Service Business","retailStore","Retail Store",{"_2107":2108,"_2109":2110,"_2111":2112,"_2113":2114,"_2115":2116,"_2117":2118},"fixedCosts","Fixed Costs ($)","fixedCostsHelper","Rent, salaries, insurance - costs that don't change with sales","variableCost","Variable Cost Per Unit ($)","variableCostHelper","Materials, labor per unit - costs that increase with each sale","pricePerUnit","Price Per Unit ($)","pricePerUnitHelper","Selling price for each unit",{"_2120":2121,"_2122":2123,"_2124":2125,"_2126":2127,"_2128":2129,"_2130":2131,"_1201":2132,"_2133":2134,"_2135":2136,"_2137":2138},"breakEvenUnits","Break-Even Units","breakEvenRevenue","Break-Even Revenue","contributionMargin","Contribution Margin","perUnit","Per Unit:","percentage","Percentage:","profitAtVolumes","Profit at Different Volumes","Units:","revenue","Revenue:","totalCosts","Total Costs:","profit","Profit:","volumes",{"_2141":2142,"_2143":2144,"_2145":2146,"_2147":2148},"fifty","50% of break-even","breakEven","Break-even point","oneFifty","150% of break-even","twoHundred","200% of break-even",{"_2150":2151},"priceVsCost","Price per unit must be greater than variable cost per unit",{"_166":2153,"_200":2154,"_2155":1261,"_2156":2157,"_2158":2159,"_2160":2161,"_2162":2163,"_2164":2165,"_2166":2167,"_2168":2169,"_2170":2171},"How Break-Even Analysis Works","Break-even analysis helps you understand how many units you need to sell to cover all costs. Once you exceed this point, your business becomes profitable. This is essential for pricing strategies and business planning.","keyConcepts","fixedCostsLabel","Fixed Costs:","fixedCostsDesc","Expenses that stay the same regardless of sales volume","variableCostsLabel","Variable Costs:","variableCostsDesc","Expenses that increase with each unit produced/sold","contributionMarginLabel","Contribution Margin:","contributionMarginDesc","Amount each sale contributes to covering fixed costs","breakEvenPointLabel","Break-Even Point:","breakEvenPointDesc","Where total revenue equals total costs (zero profit)",{"_509":2173},"Enter costs to calculate break-even point","tools/buffer-solution-calculator",{"_166":2176,"_200":2177,"_1065":2178,"_1199":2211,"_57":2224,"_2241":2242,"_1238":2246,"_136":2263,"_1235":2270,"_989":2272,"_2283":2284},"Buffer Solution Calculator","Calculate pH, pKa, and concentrations for buffer solutions using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation",{"_2179":2180,"_2181":2180,"_2182":2183,"_2184":2183,"_2185":2186,"_2187":2188,"_2189":2190,"_2191":2192,"_2193":2194,"_2195":2196,"_2197":2198,"_2199":2200,"_2201":2202,"_2203":2204,"_2205":2206,"_2207":2208,"_2209":2206,"_2210":2210},"solveFor","Solve For","solveForLabel","bufferSystem","Buffer System","bufferSystemLabel","customPka","Custom pKa","acid","Acid","conjugateBase","Conjugate Base","acidLabel","Acid:","conjugateBaseLabel","Conjugate Base:","pKaLabel","pKa","pKaPlaceholder","e.g., 4.76","pHLabel","pH","pHPlaceholder","e.g., 7.0","acidConcLabel","[HA] Acid Concentration (M)","acidConcPlaceholder","e.g., 0.1","baseConcLabel","[A-] Base Concentration (M)","baseConcPlaceholder","solving",{"_166":2212,"_2213":2214,"_2215":2216,"_2217":2218,"_2219":2220,"_2221":2222,"_1397":2223},"pH Scale & Buffer Range","phScaleTitle","pH Scale","acidic","Acidic","neutral","Neutral","basic","Basic","bufferRange","Buffer Range (pKa ± 1)","Ratio [A-]/[HA]",{"_166":58,"_2225":2226,"_2227":2228,"_2229":2230,"_2231":2232,"_2233":2234,"_2235":2236,"_2237":2238,"_2203":2239,"_2207":2240},"ratioLabel","Ratio [A⁻]/[HA]","capacityLabel","Buffer Capacity","capacityExcellent","Excellent","capacityGood","Good","capacityPoor","Poor","effectiveRangeLabel","Effective Range","effectiveRange","Effective Buffer Range","[HA] (M)","[A⁻] (M)","commonBuffers",{"_166":2243,"_85":86,"_2196":2196,"_2244":2245},"Common Buffer Systems","pHRange","pH Range",{"_166":2247,"_2248":2247,"_2249":2250,"_2196":2251,"_2221":2252,"_2253":2254,"_2255":2256,"_2257":2258,"_2259":2260,"_2261":2262},"Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation","equationName","hendersonHasselbalch","pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA])","pKa = -log(Ka)","Buffer range: pKa ± 1","capacityNotesTitle","Buffer Capacity Notes:","capacityNote1","Excellent: ratio between 0.5 and 2","capacityNote2","Good: ratio between 0.1 and 10","capacityNote3","Poor: ratio outside these ranges","capacityNote4","Best buffering when [HA] = [A-] (pH = pKa)",{"_2264":2265,"_2266":2267,"_2268":2269},"acetate","Acetate Buffer (pH ~4.76)","phosphate","Phosphate Buffer (pH ~7.21)","tris","Tris Buffer (pH ~8.2)",{"_1094":2271},"Enter values to calculate buffer properties",{"_166":2273,"_200":2274,"_1260":1261,"_1262":2275,"_1264":2276,"_1266":2277,"_1268":2278,"_1126":1270,"_1128":2279,"_1130":2280,"_1132":2281,"_1134":2282},"About Buffer Solution Calculator","Calculate buffer solution properties using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. This tool determines pH, pKa, acid concentration, or base concentration based on the other known values, and evaluates buffer capacity and effective range.","Buffer solutions resist pH changes when small amounts of acid or base are added","The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation relates pH to pKa and the ratio of conjugate base to weak acid","Buffers work best when pH is within ±1 of the pKa (effective buffer range)","Maximum buffer capacity occurs when [HA] = [A-], i.e., when pH = pKa","Biochemistry and molecular biology experiments","Pharmaceutical formulations","Chemistry laboratory preparations","Maintaining physiological pH in biological systems","canvas",{"_2215":2216,"_2217":2218,"_2219":2220,"_2221":2285},"Buffer Range","tools/buoyancy-calculator",{"_166":2288,"_200":2289,"_136":2290,"_1065":2297,"_2317":2318,"_1199":2322,"_2283":2328,"_563":2330,"_1201":2347,"_57":2350,"_1238":2371,"_1235":2381,"_989":2383},"Buoyancy Calculator","Calculate buoyant force, determine if objects float or sink, and understand Archimedes' Principle",{"_2291":2292,"_2293":2294,"_2295":2296},"woodInWater","Wood in Water (Floats)","cork","Cork in Water (Floats High)","steelInWater","Steel in Water (Sinks)",{"_2298":2299,"_2300":2301,"_2302":2303,"_2304":2305,"_2306":2307,"_1149":2308,"_1151":1711,"_2309":2310,"_2311":2312,"_2313":2314,"_2315":2316},"fluidTypeLabel","Fluid Type","custom","Custom","volumeLabel","Object Volume (m³)","volumePlaceholder","m³","volumeHelper","1 L = 0.001 m³","Object Mass (kg)","fluidDensityLabel","Fluid Density (kg/m³)","fluidDensityPlaceholder","kg/m³","gravityLabel","Gravity (m/s²)","gravityPlaceholder","9.81","densityReference",{"_166":2319,"_2320":2321},"Common Object Densities (kg/m³)","currentDensity","Current object density",{"_166":2323,"_2324":2324,"_1683":2325,"_2326":2327},"Force Diagram","submerged","Weight (W)","buoyantForce","Buoyant Force (Fb)",{"_1683":1684,"_2326":2329},"Buoyant Force",{"_2331":2332,"_2217":2333,"_2334":2335,"_2336":2337,"_2338":2339,"_2340":2341,"_2342":2324,"_2343":2344,"_2345":2346},"floats","FLOATS","NEUTRAL","sinks","SINKS","objectFloats","Object Floats","neutralBuoyancy","Neutral Buoyancy","objectSinks","Object Sinks","submergedPercent","densityEquals","Object density equals fluid density","densityExceeds","Object density exceeds fluid density",{"_2348":2349},"newtons","N",{"_2326":2329,"_2351":2352,"_2353":2354,"_2355":2356,"_2357":2358,"_2359":2360,"_2361":2362,"_2363":2364,"_2365":2366,"_2367":2368,"_2369":2370},"objectWeight","Object Weight","netForce","Net Force","analysis","Analysis","objectDensity","Object Density","submergedFraction","Submerged Fraction","volumeSubmerged","Volume Submerged","apparentWeight","Apparent Weight (fully submerged)","floatingDetails","Floating Object Details","volumeAboveFluid","Volume above fluid","percentSubmerged","Percent submerged",{"_166":2372,"_2326":2373,"_2351":2374,"_2375":2376,"_2359":2377,"_2363":2378,"_2379":2380},"Buoyancy Formulas","Buoyant Force: Fb = ρ_fluid × V_displaced × g","Object Weight: W = m × g = ρ_object × V × g","floatsWhen","Floats when: ρ_object < ρ_fluid","Submerged Fraction (floating): V_sub/V_total = ρ_object/ρ_fluid","Apparent Weight: W_apparent = W - Fb","archimedes","Archimedes' Principle: The buoyant force on an object equals the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.",{"_1094":2382},"Enter valid values to calculate buoyancy",{"_166":2384,"_200":2385,"_1260":1261,"_1262":2386,"_1264":2387,"_1266":2388,"_1268":2389,"_1126":2390,"_1128":2391,"_1130":2392,"_1132":2393,"_1134":2394,"_1275":2395,"_1004":2396,"_1006":2397,"_1008":2398},"Understanding Buoyancy","This calculator helps you understand buoyancy and Archimedes' Principle by calculating forces on objects in fluids. Enter an object's volume and mass, choose a fluid, and see whether the object will float or sink.","Buoyant Force: The upward force exerted by a fluid on an immersed object, equal to the weight of displaced fluid","Floating: Objects float when their density is less than the fluid's density, with only part of the object submerged","Sinking: Objects sink when their density exceeds the fluid's density","Neutral Buoyancy: When object and fluid densities are equal, the object remains suspended at any depth","Real-World Applications","Ship Design: Engineers use buoyancy principles to design vessels that displace enough water to support their weight","Submarine Operation: Submarines adjust their buoyancy by filling or emptying ballast tanks to dive or surface","Hot Air Balloons: Balloons float in air because heated air inside is less dense than surrounding cool air","Scuba Diving: Divers adjust their buoyancy using weight belts and buoyancy control devices (BCDs)","Tips for Using This Tool","Try different fluid presets to see how objects behave in water, oil, honey, or even air","Use the common object density reference to understand which materials float or sink in water","For floating objects, the submerged fraction equals the ratio of object density to fluid density","tools/business-card-maker",{"_166":2401,"_200":2402,"_136":2403,"_1065":2434,"_2449":2450,"_2458":2459,"_507":2469,"_2472":2473,"_1073":2480,"_989":2482},"Business Card Maker","Create professional business cards with customizable templates",{"_2404":2405,"_2406":2407,"_2408":2409,"_2410":2411,"_2412":2413,"_2414":2415,"_2416":2417,"_2418":2419,"_2420":2421,"_2422":2423,"_2424":2425,"_2426":2427,"_2428":2429,"_2430":2431,"_2432":2433},"creative","Creative","creativeName","Sarah Johnson","creativeTitle","Creative Director","creativeCompany","Design Studio","creativeEmail","sarah@designstudio.com","creativePhone","+1 (555) 987-6543","creativeWebsite","www.designstudio.com","professional","Professional","professionalName","Michael Chen","professionalTitle","Financial Advisor","professionalCompany","Wealth Management","professionalEmail","michael@wealthmgmt.com","professionalPhone","+1 (555) 246-8135","professionalWebsite","www.wealthmgmt.com","professionalAddress","456 Finance Ave, City, ST 54321",{"_363":2435,"_2436":2437,"_2438":2439,"_166":2440,"_2441":1643,"_430":2442,"_2443":2444,"_2445":2446,"_2447":2448},"Card Template","sectionTitle","Personal Information","name","Full Name","Job Title","company","Email Address","phone","Phone Number","website","Website","address","Address (optional)","placeholders",{"_2438":2451,"_166":2452,"_2441":2453,"_430":2454,"_2443":2455,"_2445":2456,"_2447":2457},"John Smith","Senior Product Manager","TechCorp Inc.","john@company.com","+1 (555) 123-4567","www.company.com","123 Business St, Suite 100, City, ST 12345","templates",{"_2460":2461,"_2462":2463,"_2464":2465,"_2466":2467,"_2404":2468},"modern","Modern (colored with accent bar)","classic","Classic (white with border)","minimal","Minimal (clean and simple)","bold","Bold (split design)","Creative (gradient with shapes)",{"_166":623,"_2470":2471},"size","Standard size: 3.5\" × 2\" (1050 × 600 pixels at 300 DPI)","colors",{"_166":2474,"_2475":2476,"_2477":2478,"_168":2479},"Color Customization","primary","Primary Color","secondary","Secondary Color","Text Color",{"_24":2481},"💾 Download Business Card (PNG)",{"_166":2483,"_2484":2485,"_1036":2486,"_1038":2487,"_1040":2488,"_1948":2489,"_2490":2491,"_2492":2493,"_2494":2495,"_2496":2497,"_2498":2499,"_2500":2501,"_2502":2503,"_2504":2505,"_2506":2507,"_2508":2509,"_2510":2511,"_2512":2513,"_2514":2515,"_2516":2517,"_2518":2519,"_2520":2521,"_2522":2523,"_2524":2525,"_2526":2527,"_2528":2529,"_2530":2531,"_2532":2533,"_2534":2535,"_2536":2537,"_2538":2539,"_2540":2541},"How to Create Business Cards","instructionsTitle","Instructions","Choose a template style that matches your brand","Fill in your personal and contact information","Customize colors to match your brand identity","Preview your card design in real-time","step5","Download as high-resolution PNG (300 DPI)","step6","Print on standard 3.5\" × 2\" business card stock","stylesTitle","Template Styles","styleModern","Modern:","styleModernDesc","Colored background with accent bar, contemporary feel","styleClassic","Classic:","styleClassicDesc","White background with border, traditional and elegant","styleMinimal","Minimal:","styleMinimalDesc","Clean and simple design with subtle accents","styleBold","Bold:","styleBoldDesc","Split design with strong visual impact","styleCreative","Creative:","styleCreativeDesc","Gradient background with shapes, artistic flair","printingTitle","Printing Tips","printTip1","Download generates 300 DPI image, perfect for professional printing","printTip2","Standard business card size is 3.5\" × 2\" (89mm × 51mm)","printTip3","Use premium card stock (at least 14pt thickness)","printTip4","Consider matte or glossy finish based on your design","printTip5","Order test prints before bulk printing","practicesTitle","Best Practices","practice1","Keep design clean and readable","practice2","Use high contrast between text and background","practice3","Include only essential contact information","practice4","Match colors to your brand identity","practice5","Test readability at actual card size","practice6","Proofread all information carefully","tools/business-days-calculator",{"_166":2544,"_200":2545,"_136":2546,"_1065":2552,"_57":2559,"_989":2570,"_1235":2580},"Business Days Calculator","Calculate the number of business days between two dates excluding weekends and holidays",{"_2547":2548,"_1312":2549,"_2550":2551},"next30Days","Next 30 Days","Quarter (90 Days)","fullYear","Full Year 2024",{"_2553":2554,"_2555":2556,"_2557":2558},"startDate","Start Date","endDate","End Date","excludeHolidays","Exclude US Federal Holidays",{"_2560":2561,"_2562":2563,"_2564":2565,"_2566":2567,"_2568":2569},"businessDays","Business Days","totalDays","Total Days","weekendDays","Weekend Days","holidays","Holidays","excludesNote","Excludes weekends{{includeHolidays, select, true { and US federal holidays} other {}}}",{"_166":2571,"_200":2572,"_1599":2573,"_1128":2574,"_1130":2575,"_1132":2576,"_1134":2577,"_1136":2578,"_1324":2579},"How to Use This Business Days Calculator","Enter start and end dates to calculate the number of business days (working days) between them. Weekends are automatically excluded, and you can optionally exclude US federal holidays.","Common Uses","Calculate project timelines","Estimate delivery dates","Plan work schedules","Calculate payment terms (Net 30, etc.)","Determine contract deadlines","Note: This calculator uses US federal holidays. Actual business days may vary based on your location and company policy.",{"_509":2581},"Enter dates to calculate business days","tools/business-loan-calculator",{"_166":2584,"_200":2585,"_136":2586,"_1065":2593,"_57":2606,"_989":2623,"_1235":2644},"Business Loan Calculator","Calculate business loan payments with origination fees and effective APR",{"_2587":2588,"_2589":2590,"_2591":2592},"smallBusiness","Small Business Loan","equipment","Equipment Loan","workingCapital","Working Capital",{"_2594":2595,"_2596":2597,"_2598":2599,"_2600":2601,"_2602":2603,"_2604":2605},"loanAmount","Loan Amount ($)","loanAmountHelper","Total amount you need to borrow","interestRate","Annual Interest Rate (%)","loanTerm","Loan Term (years)","originationFee","Origination Fee (%)","originationFeeHelper","One-time fee charged by lender (typically 1-5%)",{"_2607":2608,"_2609":2610,"_2602":2611,"_2612":2613,"_2594":2614,"_2615":2616,"_2617":2618,"_2619":2620,"_2621":2622},"monthlyPayment","Monthly Payment","totalInterest","Total Interest","Origination Fee","loanSummary","Loan Summary","Loan Amount:","netAmount","Net Amount Received:","totalCost","Total Cost:","effectiveAPR","Effective APR:","numberOfPayments","{{count}} monthly payments",{"_166":2624,"_200":2625,"_2626":2627,"_2628":2629,"_2630":2631,"_2632":2633,"_2634":2635,"_2636":2637,"_2638":2639,"_2640":2641,"_2642":2643},"Understanding Business Loan Costs","Business loans often include origination fees that reduce the actual amount you receive. The effective APR shows your true borrowing cost including all fees, helping you compare loan offers accurately.","keyTerms","Key Terms","originationFeeLabel","Origination Fee: ","originationFeeDesc","One-time upfront fee, typically 1-5% of loan amount","netAmountLabel","Net Amount: ","netAmountDesc","What you actually receive after fees are deducted","effectiveAPRLabel","Effective APR: ","effectiveAPRDesc","True annual cost including all fees","monthlyPaymentLabel","Monthly Payment: ","monthlyPaymentDesc","Fixed amount based on full loan amount",{"_509":2645},"Enter loan details to calculate payments","tools/calorie-calculator",{"_166":2648,"_200":2649,"_1014":2650,"_57":2675,"_136":2682,"_989":2683,"_224":2686,"_1042":2691,"_228":2693},"Calorie Calculator","Calculate your daily calorie needs",{"_2651":2652,"_2039":2040,"_2653":2011,"_2654":2013,"_1683":1684,"_1685":1906,"_1907":1711,"_1908":1909,"_1910":1911,"_1912":1913,"_1914":1915,"_1402":1916,"_1917":1918,"_1919":1920,"_2655":2656,"_2657":2658,"_2659":2660,"_2661":2662,"_2663":2664,"_2665":2666,"_2667":2668,"_2669":2670,"_2671":2672,"_2673":2674},"age","Age","gender.options.male","gender.options.female","activityLevel","Activity Level","activityLevel.options.sedentary","Sedentary (little or no exercise)","activityLevel.options.light","Light (1-3 days/week)","activityLevel.options.moderate","Moderate (3-5 days/week)","activityLevel.options.active","Active (6-7 days/week)","activityLevel.options.veryActive","Very Active (hard exercise daily)","goal","Goal","goal.options.maintain","Maintain Weight","goal.options.lose","Lose Weight","goal.options.gain","Gain Weight",{"_2676":2677,"_2678":2679,"_2680":2681},"bmr","BMR (Base)","tdee","Maintenance","targetCalories","Target Calories",{"_1935":1936},{"_166":2684,"_200":2685},"Understanding Your Calorie Needs","This calculator uses the Mifflin-St Jeor equation to estimate your daily calorie needs based on your personal metrics and activity level.",{"_1036":2687,"_1038":2688,"_1040":2689,"_1948":2690},"Enter your age, gender, weight, and height","Select your activity level from the dropdown","Choose your goal (maintain, lose, or gain weight)","View your BMR, maintenance calories, and target calories",{"_166":227,"_1044":2692},"The Mifflin-St Jeor equation calculates your Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR), which is then multiplied by an activity factor to get your Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE). For weight loss, 500 calories are subtracted; for weight gain, 500 are added.",{"_1047":2694,"_1053":2697,"_1963":2700},{"_1049":2695,"_1051":2696},"What is BMR?","Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) is the number of calories your body burns at complete rest, just to maintain basic life functions like breathing and circulation.",{"_1049":2698,"_1051":2699},"How accurate is this calculator?","This provides an estimate based on averages. Individual metabolism can vary. Monitor your weight over 2-3 weeks and adjust calories accordingly.",{"_1049":2701,"_1051":2702},"Why a 500 calorie deficit for weight loss?","A 500 calorie daily deficit results in approximately 1 pound of weight loss per week, which is considered a safe and sustainable rate.","tools/capacitor-circuits-calculator",{"_166":2705,"_200":2706,"_1168":2707,"_1065":2712,"_57":2731,"_1238":2764,"_136":2769,"_989":2776},"Capacitor Circuits Calculator","Calculate RC circuit charging and discharging behavior with time constants and energy storage",{"_2708":2709,"_2710":2711},"charging","Charging","discharging","Discharging",{"_1145":1570,"_2713":2714,"_2715":2716,"_2717":2718,"_2719":2720,"_2721":2722,"_2723":2724,"_2725":2726,"_2727":2728,"_2729":2730},"capacitanceLabel","Capacitance (μF)","capacitancePlaceholder","microfarads","resistanceLabel","Resistance (kΩ)","resistancePlaceholder","kilohms","sourceVoltageLabel","Source Voltage (V)","initialVoltageLabel","Initial Voltage (V)","voltagePlaceholder","Volts","timeLabel","Time (s) - optional","timePlaceholder","seconds",{"_2732":2733,"_2734":2735,"_2736":2737,"_2738":2739,"_2740":2741,"_2742":2743,"_2744":2745,"_2746":2747,"_2748":2749,"_2750":2751,"_2752":2753,"_2754":2755,"_2756":2757,"_2758":2759,"_2760":2761,"_2762":2763,"_658":659},"chargingTitle","RC Charging Circuit","dischargingTitle","RC Discharging Circuit","timeConstant","Time Constant (τ)","maxCharge","Max Charge","maxEnergy","Max Energy","initialCharge","Initial Charge","initialEnergy","Initial Energy","atTime","At t = {{time}}s","charge","Charge","voltage","Voltage","current","Current","charged","Charged","remaining","Remaining","milestonesTitle","Time Constant Milestones","dischargeMilestonesTitle","Discharge Milestones","tau","τ",{"_166":1240,"_2736":2765,"_2708":2766,"_2710":2767,"_1324":2768},"τ = RC","Charging: V(t) = V₀(1 - e^(-t/τ))","Discharging: V(t) = V₀ × e^(-t/τ)","After 5τ, charging reaches 99.3% and discharging drops to 0.7%.",{"_2770":2771,"_2772":2773,"_2774":2775},"standard","Standard RC Circuit","low_voltage","Low Voltage Circuit","high_capacitance","High Capacitance",{"_166":2777,"_200":2778,"_1260":1261,"_1262":2779,"_1264":2780,"_1266":2781,"_1268":2782,"_1126":1270,"_1128":2783,"_1130":2784,"_1132":2785,"_1134":2786},"About RC Circuits Calculator","Calculate the charging and discharging behavior of resistor-capacitor (RC) circuits. This tool computes time constants, voltage, current, charge, and energy at any point in time using exponential equations.","Time constant (τ = RC) determines how quickly the capacitor charges or discharges","After 1τ, charging reaches 63.2% and discharging drops to 36.8%","After 5τ, the circuit is considered fully charged or discharged (>99%)","Energy stored in a capacitor: E = ½CV²","Electronics design and timing circuits","Filter circuits in audio and signal processing","Power supply smoothing and decoupling","Physics and electrical engineering education","tools/center-of-mass-calculator",{"_166":2789,"_200":2790,"_136":2791,"_1168":2798,"_1174":2802,"_2809":2810,"_2449":2823,"_1073":2831,"_57":2834,"_2847":2848,"_1867":2854,"_989":2856},"Center of Mass Calculator","Calculate the center of mass for point masses and uniform shapes",{"_2792":2793,"_2794":2795,"_2796":2797},"twoMasses","Two masses (1D)","threeMasses2D","Three masses (2D)","triangle","Triangle shape",{"_2799":2800,"_1174":2801},"points","Point Masses","Uniform Shapes",{"_1180":2803,"_2804":2805,"_2796":2806,"_2807":2808,"_1314":1315},"Uniform Rod","rectangle","Rectangle","Triangle","circle","Circle","labels",{"_2811":2812,"_2813":2814,"_2815":2816,"_2817":1158,"_1400":2818,"_1402":2819,"_2820":2821,"_2822":1154},"calculationMode","Calculation Mode","includeY","Include Y coordinate (2D)","shapeType","Shape Type","length","Width (m)","Height (m)","base","Base (m)","radius",{"_2824":2825,"_2826":2827,"_2828":2829,"_2830":2830},"mass","mass (kg)","x","x (m)","y","y (m)","meters",{"_2832":2833},"addMass","+ Add Mass",{"_1199":1200,"_2835":2836,"_2837":2838,"_2839":2840,"_2841":2842,"_2843":2844,"_2845":2846},"xCoordinate","X coordinate","yCoordinate","Y coordinate","totalMass","Total Mass","position","Position","xFromOrigin","X from origin","yFromOrigin","Y from origin","descriptions",{"_1180":2849,"_2804":2850,"_2796":2851,"_2807":2852,"_1314":2853},"At the midpoint of the rod","At the geometric center","At 1/3 from the base along the median","At the center of the circle","At 4r/(3π) from the diameter",{"_166":2855},"Formula",{"_166":2857,"_200":2858,"_2859":2860,"_2861":2862,"_2863":2864,"_2865":2866},"About Center of Mass","The center of mass is the weighted average position of all mass in a system. It's the point where the entire mass of an object can be considered to be concentrated.","pointMasses","For point masses, the center of mass is calculated using the weighted average of each mass's position.","uniformShapes","For uniform shapes with constant density, the center of mass coincides with the geometric center (centroid).","balancePoint","The center of mass is the balance point - if you support an object at this point, it will be perfectly balanced.","applications","Understanding center of mass is crucial in physics, engineering, robotics, and sports biomechanics.","tools/character-counter",{"_166":2869,"_200":2870,"_136":2871,"_1065":2882,"_569":2885,"_1073":2897,"_989":2900},"Character & Word Counter","Count characters, words, sentences, and more in real-time",{"_2872":2873,"_2874":2875,"_420":201,"_2876":2877,"_2878":2879,"_2880":2881},"tweet","Tweet","tweetText","This is a tweet-length message under 280 characters!","metaDescriptionText","Free online character counter tool. Count characters, words, sentences instantly.","pangram","Pangram","pangramText","The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. This pangram contains every letter of the alphabet.",{"_2883":2884},"placeholder","Start typing or paste your text here...",{"_1586":2886,"_2887":2888,"_2889":2890,"_2891":2892,"_2893":2894,"_2895":2896},"Characters","noSpaces","No Spaces","words","Words","sentences","Sentences","paragraphs","Paragraphs","lines","Lines",{"_36":37,"_2898":2899},"copyText","Copy Text",{"_166":2901,"_1128":2902,"_1130":2903,"_1132":2904,"_1134":2905},"Common Use Cases","Twitter/X posts (280 character limit)","Meta descriptions (150-160 characters)","Essay word counts","SMS message length","tools/chemical-equation-balancer",{"_166":2908,"_200":2909,"_1065":2910,"_136":2916,"_57":2927,"_989":2937},"Chemical Equation Balancer","Balance chemical equations using the algebraic method",{"_2911":2912,"_2883":2913,"_2914":2915},"equation","Chemical Equation","e.g., H2 + O2 -> H2O","hint","Use -> or = to separate reactants and products. Use + between compounds.",{"_2917":2918,"_2919":2920,"_2921":2922,"_2923":2924,"_2925":2926},"water","Water formation","iron","Iron rusting","methane","Methane combustion","ammonia","Ammonia synthesis","neutralization","Acid-base neutralization",{"_2928":2929,"_2930":2931,"_2932":2933,"_2934":2935,"_1096":2936},"balancedTitle","Balanced Equation","coefficientsTitle","Coefficients","reactants","Reactants","products","Products","Enter a chemical equation to balance",{"_166":2938,"_200":2939,"_2940":227,"_2941":2942,"_1275":2943,"_1004":2944,"_1006":2945,"_1008":2946,"_1467":2947,"_2948":2949,"_2950":2951,"_2952":2953,"_2954":2955},"Understanding Chemical Equation Balancing","A balanced chemical equation has equal numbers of each type of atom on both sides of the equation. This reflects the Law of Conservation of Mass - matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.","howItWorksTitle","howItWorksDesc","The balancer uses coefficients (numbers placed in front of chemical formulas) to ensure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation. The algorithm tries different coefficient combinations until it finds one that balances all elements.","Tips for Writing Equations","Use standard element symbols (H, O, C, N, Fe, etc.)","Write subscripts as numbers (H2O, not H₂O)","Separate compounds with + signs","Use -> or = between reactants and products","exampleTitle","Example","exampleUnbalanced","Unbalanced:","exampleBalanced","Balanced:","exampleExplanation","Now we have 4 hydrogen atoms and 2 oxygen atoms on each side.","tools/chi-square-test-calculator",{"_166":2958,"_200":2959,"_1065":2960,"_1073":2983,"_438":2984,"_57":2993,"_3029":3030,"_989":3032},"Chi-Square Test Calculator","Perform chi-square goodness of fit and independence tests",{"_2961":2962,"_2963":2964,"_2965":2966,"_2967":2968,"_2969":2970,"_2971":2972,"_2973":2974,"_2975":2976,"_2977":2978,"_2979":2980,"_2981":2982},"testType","Test Type","goodnessOfFit","Goodness of Fit","testOfIndependence","Test of Independence","significanceLevel","Significance Level (α)","observedFrequencies","Observed Frequencies (comma or space separated)","observedPlaceholder","e.g., 30, 40, 20, 10","expectedFrequencies","Expected Frequencies","expectedPlaceholder","e.g., 25, 25, 25, 25","rows","Rows","columns","Columns","contingencyTable","Contingency Table",{"_30":31},{"_2985":2986,"_2987":2988,"_2989":2990,"_2991":2992},"minValues","Please enter at least 2 values for each category","lengthMismatch","Observed and expected must have the same number of values","calculationError","Calculation error","validNumbers","Please enter valid numbers in all cells",{"_2994":2995,"_2996":2997,"_2998":2999,"_3000":3001,"_3002":3002,"_3003":3004,"_3005":3006,"_3007":3008,"_3009":3010,"_3011":3012,"_3013":3014,"_3015":3016,"_3017":3018,"_3019":3020,"_619":620,"_3021":3022,"_3023":3024,"_3025":3026,"_3027":3028,"_2973":2974},"goodnessTitle","Goodness of Fit Results","independenceTitle","Test of Independence Results","chiSquare","χ² Statistic","degreesOfFreedom","Degrees of Freedom","df","pValue","p-value","cramersV","Cramér's V","rejectH0","Reject H₀:","failToReject","Fail to reject H₀:","significantDifference","The observed frequencies differ significantly from expected (p < {{alpha}})","noSignificantDifference","No significant difference from expected frequencies (p ≥ {{alpha}})","significantAssociation","The variables are significantly associated (p < {{alpha}})","noSignificantAssociation","No significant association between variables (p ≥ {{alpha}})","contributions","Contributions to χ²","observed","Observed","expected","Expected","residual","Residual","contribution","Contribution","criticalValues",{"_166":3031,"_3002":3002},"Critical Values Reference",{"_166":3033,"_2994":3034,"_3035":3036,"_2996":2966,"_3037":3038,"_3039":3040,"_3041":3042,"_3043":3044,"_3045":3046},"About Chi-Square Tests","Goodness of Fit Test","goodnessDescription","Tests whether observed frequencies match expected frequencies. Use this when you want to determine if your sample data fits a particular distribution.","independenceDescription","Tests whether two categorical variables are independent. Use this to determine if there is a relationship between two variables in a contingency table.","assumptionsTitle","Assumptions","assumption1","Expected frequency ≥ 5 in each cell","assumption2","Observations are independent","assumption3","Data are counts (not percentages)","tools/classroom-timer",{"_166":3049,"_200":3050,"_1168":3051,"_3058":3059,"_3072":3073,"_65":3090,"_989":3105,"_658":3144},"Classroom Timer","Fullscreen timer for teachers and classroom activities",{"_3052":3053,"_3054":3055,"_3056":3057},"countdown","Countdown","countup","Count Up","clock","Clock","controls",{"_3060":3061,"_3062":3063,"_26":27,"_3064":3065,"_3066":3067,"_3068":3069,"_3070":3071},"start","Start","pause","Pause","minus5min","-5 min","minus1min","-1 min","plus1min","+1 min","plus5min","+5 min","presets",{"_3074":3075,"_3076":3077,"_3078":3079,"_3080":3081,"_3082":3083,"_3084":3085,"_3086":3087,"_3088":3089},"1min","1 min","5min","5 min","10min","10 min","15min","15 min","20min","20 min","30min","30 min","45min","45 min","60min","60 min",{"_3091":3092,"_3093":3094,"_3095":3096,"_3097":3098,"_3099":3100,"_3101":3102,"_3103":3104},"soundOn","🔊 Sound On","soundOff","🔇 Sound Off","hideSeconds","⏱️ Hide Seconds","showSeconds","⏱️ Show Seconds","warningsOn","⚠️ Warnings On","warningsOff","⚠️ Warnings Off","keyboardShortcuts","Keyboard: Space = Play/Pause, R = Reset",{"_166":3106,"_1521":3107,"_3108":3109,"_3110":3111,"_3112":3113,"_3114":3115,"_3116":3117,"_3118":3119,"_3120":3121,"_3122":3123,"_3124":3125,"_3126":3127,"_3128":3129,"_3130":3131,"_3132":3133,"_3134":3135,"_3136":3137,"_3138":3139,"_3140":3141,"_3142":3143},"How to Use the Classroom Timer","Perfect for teachers, tests, and classroom activities. Use the projection mode toggle in the header for larger display on projectors.","featuresTitle","Features","countdownModeLabel","Countdown Mode:","countdownModeDesc","Set a timer for tests, activities, or breaks","countupModeLabel","Count Up Mode:","countupModeDesc","Track elapsed time for presentations or tasks","clockModeLabel","Clock Mode:","clockModeDesc","Display current time for \"work until X:XX\" scenarios","colorWarningsLabel","Color Warnings:","colorWarningsDesc","Visual color changes as time runs out","soundAlertsLabel","Sound Alerts:","soundAlertsDesc","Audio warnings at 5 minutes, 1 minute, and end","quickAdjustmentsLabel","Quick Adjustments:","quickAdjustmentsDesc","+1/-1 and +5/-5 minute buttons","keyboardShortcutsTitle","Keyboard Shortcuts","spaceLabel","Space:","spaceDesc","Start/Pause timer","rLabel","R:","rDesc","Reset timer",{"_3145":3146,"_3147":3148},"am","AM","pm","PM","tools/coin-flip",{"_166":3151,"_200":3152,"_3153":3154,"_1073":3163,"_57":3168,"_224":3172,"_136":3173,"_989":3186},"Coin Flip","Flip a virtual coin for random decisions","states",{"_3155":3156,"_3157":3158,"_3159":3160,"_3161":3162},"flipping","Flipping...","heads","HEADS","tails","TAILS","ready","Ready to Flip",{"_3164":3165,"_3166":3167},"flip","Flip Coin","clearHistory","Clear History",{"_3157":3169,"_3159":3170,"_893":3171},"Heads","Tails","Flip History (Last 10)",{"_166":225},{"_3174":3175,"_3176":3177,"_3178":3179,"_3180":3181,"_3182":3183,"_3184":3185},"flipOnce","Flip Once","flipOnceDesc","Click the flip button","trackHistory","Track History","trackHistoryDesc","See your last 10 flips","viewStats","View Stats","viewStatsDesc","See heads/tails distribution",{"_166":3187,"_200":3188,"_309":3109,"_3189":3190,"_3191":3192,"_3193":3194,"_3195":3181,"_3196":3197,"_3198":3199,"_3200":3201,"_3202":3203},"How to Use Coin Flip","Click the \"Flip Coin\" button to flip a virtual coin. The result will be displayed with an animation. Track your flip history to see patterns and statistics.","animatedFlipLabel","Animated Flip:","animatedFlipDesc","Visual animation for each coin flip","historyLabel","Flip History:","historyDesc","statisticsLabel","Statistics:","statisticsDesc","Track heads vs tails distribution","trueRandomLabel","True Random:","trueRandomDesc","Uses Math.random() for fair 50/50 odds","tools/color-converter",{"_166":3206,"_200":3207,"_136":3208,"_1065":3215,"_1073":3226,"_438":3229,"_989":3232},"Color Converter","Convert between HEX, RGB, and HSL color formats",{"_3209":3210,"_3211":3212,"_3213":3214},"blueHex","Blue HEX","redRgb","Red RGB","greenHsl","Green HSL",{"_3216":3217,"_3218":3219,"_3220":3221,"_3222":3223,"_3224":3225},"inputFormat","Input Format","hexFormat","HEX (#RRGGBB)","rgbFormat","RGB (R, G, B)","hslFormat","HSL (H, S%, L%)","enterValue","Enter {{format}} Value",{"_3227":3228},"copyCSS","Copy CSS",{"_3230":3231},"invalidFormat","Invalid color format. Please check your input.",{"_166":3233,"_3234":3235,"_3236":3237,"_3238":3239,"_3240":3241,"_3242":3243,"_3244":3245,"_3246":3247},"Color Format Guide","formatDescriptions","Format Descriptions","hexLabel","HEX:","hexDesc","Hexadecimal format (#RRGGBB). Most common in web design. Example: #3B82F6","rgbLabel","RGB:","rgbDesc","Red, Green, Blue values (0-255). Example: rgb(59, 130, 246)","hslLabel","HSL:","hslDesc","Hue (0-360), Saturation (0-100%), Lightness (0-100%). Example: hsl(217, 91%, 60%)","tools/color-picker",{"_166":3250,"_200":3251,"_136":3252,"_3259":3260,"_2809":3267,"_1073":3268,"_3072":3269},"Color Picker","Pick colors and convert between HEX, RGB, and HSL",{"_3253":3254,"_3255":3256,"_3257":3258},"blue","Blue","red","Red","green","Green","formats",{"_3261":3262,"_3263":3264,"_3265":3266},"hex","HEX","rgb","RGB","hsl","HSL",{"_3255":3256,"_3257":3258,"_3253":3254},{"_20":21},{"_166":3270},"Quick Presets","tools/complex-number-calculator",{"_166":3273,"_200":3274,"_1065":3275,"_3290":3291,"_136":3303,"_57":3308,"_989":3324},"Complex Number Calculator","Perform operations on complex numbers with step-by-step solutions and visualizations",{"_3276":3277,"_3278":3279,"_3280":3281,"_3282":3283,"_3284":3285,"_3286":3287,"_3288":3289},"operation","Operation","z1","z1 (First Number)","z2","z2 (Second Number)","realPart","Real Part (a)","imaginaryPart","Imaginary Part (b)","powerN","Power (n)","rootN","Root (n)","operations",{"_126":3292,"_3293":3294,"_3295":3296,"_3297":3298,"_3299":3300,"_3301":3302},"Add (z1 + z2)","subtract","Subtract (z1 - z2)","multiply","Multiply (z1 * z2)","divide","Divide (z1 / z2)","power","Power (z1^n)","roots","Roots (n-th roots of z1)",{"_3295":3304,"_126":3305,"_3299":3306,"_3301":3307},"Multiply 3+4i by 1+2i","Add 2+3i and 4-i","Cube root of unity","4th roots of 1",{"_166":56,"_3309":3310,"_3311":3312,"_3313":3314,"_3315":3316,"_3301":3317,"_3318":3319,"_3320":3321,"_55":56,"_3322":3323},"rectangularForm","Rectangular Form","magnitude","Magnitude (r)","argument","Argument (θ)","conjugate","Conjugate","The {{n}} roots of {{z1}} are:","steps","Calculation Steps","complexPlane","Complex Plane","z1Properties","z1 Properties",{"_166":3325,"_200":3326,"_1238":3327,"_3309":3328,"_3329":3330,"_3331":3332,"_3333":3334,"_3335":3336,"_3337":3338,"_3339":3340,"_1275":1261,"_1004":3341,"_1006":3342,"_1008":3343},"About Complex Numbers","Complex numbers extend the real number system by introducing the imaginary unit i, where i² = -1. They are essential in mathematics, physics, and engineering for representing quantities with both magnitude and direction.","Key Formulas","Rectangular: z = a + bi","polarForm","Polar: z = r(cos(θ) + i*sin(θ)) = r*cis(θ)","magnitudeFormula","r = √(a² + b²), θ = atan2(b, a)","multiplicationFormula","Multiplication: r1*r2 * cis(θ1 + θ2)","divisionFormula","Division: (r1/r2) * cis(θ1 - θ2)","deMoivre","De Moivre: z^n = r^n * cis(n*θ)","rootsFormula","Roots: z^(1/n) = r^(1/n) * cis((θ + 2πk)/n)","De Moivre's theorem simplifies powers and roots using polar form","The n-th roots of any complex number are equally spaced on a circle","Multiplication rotates and scales; division rotates backward and scales inversely","tools/compliment-generator",{"_166":3346,"_200":3347,"_1065":3348,"_323":3351,"_1073":3363,"_2883":3365,"_3369":3370,"_989":3451},"Compliment Generator","Generate heartfelt compliments for any occasion",{"_3349":3350},"categoryLabel","Compliment Category",{"_3352":3353,"_2418":3354,"_3355":3356,"_3357":3358,"_3359":3360,"_3361":3362},"all","🎲 All Categories","💼 Professional","personal","💝 Personal","funny","😄 Funny","motivational","🔥 Motivational","appearance","✨ Appearance",{"_34":3364,"_20":1579,"_22":23},"💝 Generate Compliment",{"_168":3366,"_3367":3368},"Click \"Generate Compliment\" to get started!","subtext","Spread some positivity today","compliments",{"_2418":3371,"_3355":3387,"_3357":3403,"_3359":3419,"_3361":3435},[3372,3373,3374,3375,3376,3377,3378,3379,3380,3381,3382,3383,3384,3385,3386],"Your attention to detail is remarkable.","You have an incredible work ethic that inspires others.","Your problem-solving skills are truly impressive.","You bring out the best in your team.","Your leadership qualities are exceptional.","You have a gift for explaining complex ideas simply.","Your dedication to excellence shows in everything you do.","You're the kind of colleague everyone wants to work with.","Your creativity brings fresh perspectives to every project.","You handle pressure with grace and professionalism.","Your contributions make a real difference.","You have an amazing ability to stay focused.","Your organizational skills are top-notch.","You're a natural at building relationships.","Your positive attitude is contagious in the workplace.",[3388,3389,3390,3391,3392,3393,3394,3395,3396,3397,3398,3399,3400,3401,3402],"You have a heart of gold.","Your kindness makes the world a better place.","You're an amazing friend.","Your authenticity is refreshing.","You have a beautiful soul.","Your empathy is a rare gift.","You make everyone around you feel valued.","Your generosity knows no bounds.","You're one of the most genuine people I know.","Your warmth lights up every room.","You have an incredible capacity for love.","Your thoughtfulness never goes unnoticed.","You're the kind of person everyone needs in their life.","Your patience is truly admirable.","You have a way of making people feel special.",[3404,3405,3406,3407,3408,3409,3410,3411,3412,3413,3414,3415,3416,3417,3418],"You're like a human ray of sunshine, but with better jokes.","If being awesome was a crime, you'd be serving a life sentence.","You're the reason the gene pool needs a lifeguard.","You're so cool, penguins are jealous.","You're like a dictionary – you add meaning to my life.","If you were a vegetable, you'd be a cute-cumber.","You're proof that good things come in amazing packages.","You're the WiFi to my internet – I can't function without you.","You're like a fine wine, except I'd never put you in the cellar.","If sarcasm was a sport, you'd be an Olympic champion.","You're so bright, I need sunglasses just to look at you.","You're the human equivalent of a four-leaf clover.","You're like a pizza – even when you're bad, you're good.","You put the 'fun' in 'fundamentally awesome'.","If awesome was currency, you'd be a billionaire.",[3420,3421,3422,3423,3424,3425,3426,3427,3428,3429,3430,3431,3432,3433,3434],"You have the power to create change.","Your potential is limitless.","Every step you take is progress.","You're capable of achieving anything you set your mind to.","Your resilience is inspiring.","Challenges only make you stronger.","You have what it takes to succeed.","Your determination is remarkable.","The world needs your unique gifts.","You're closer to your goals than you think.","Your hard work will pay off.","You have the courage to chase your dreams.","Every obstacle is an opportunity in disguise.","Your perseverance sets you apart.","You're destined for greatness.",[3436,3437,3438,3439,3440,3441,3442,3443,3444,3445,3446,3447,3448,3449,3450],"Your smile could light up the darkest room.","You have the most captivating eyes.","Your style is impeccable.","You radiate confidence.","Your presence is magnetic.","You look absolutely stunning today.","Your energy is positively glowing.","You carry yourself with such elegance.","Your natural beauty is breathtaking.","You have an incredible sense of style.","Your confidence is beautiful.","You look like you stepped out of a magazine.","Your charisma is undeniable.","You have a timeless elegance about you.","Your vibe is absolutely immaculate.",{"_166":3452,"_200":3453,"_1126":3454,"_1128":3455,"_1130":3456,"_1132":3457,"_1134":3458,"_1136":3459,"_1275":1276,"_1004":3460,"_1006":3461,"_1008":3462},"About Compliment Generator","Sometimes we all need a little pick-me-up or the right words to brighten someone's day. This tool generates genuine, heartfelt compliments for any situation.","Great For","Brightening a friend's day","Adding warmth to greeting cards","Team morale boosters at work","Social media positivity","Daily affirmation inspiration","Personalize the compliment by adding specific details","Genuine delivery makes any compliment more meaningful","Use professional compliments for workplace appreciation","tools/compound-interest-calculator",{"_166":3465,"_200":3466,"_136":3467,"_1065":3474,"_57":3501,"_989":3513,"_1235":3523},"Compound Interest Calculator","Calculate how your investment grows with compound interest and regular contributions",{"_3468":3469,"_3470":3471,"_3472":3473},"longTerm","Long-term Growth","mediumTerm","Medium-term","shortTerm","Short-term",{"_3475":3476,"_3477":3478,"_2598":2599,"_3479":3480,"_3481":3482,"_3483":3484,"_3485":3486,"_3487":3488,"_3489":3490,"_3491":3492,"_3493":3494,"_3495":3496,"_3497":3498,"_3499":3500},"initialInvestment","Initial Investment ($)","initialInvestmentPlaceholder","Enter initial amount","interestRatePlaceholder","Enter interest rate","timePeriod","Time Period (years)","timePeriodPlaceholder","Enter number of years","regularContribution","Regular Contribution ($/period) - Optional","regularContributionPlaceholder","Enter regular contribution amount","compoundFrequency","Compound Frequency","daily","Daily","monthly","Monthly","quarterly","Quarterly","semiannually","Semi-annually","annually","Annually",{"_3502":3503,"_3504":3505,"_2609":3506,"_3507":3508,"_3509":3510,"_3511":3512},"futureValue","Future Value","totalDeposited","Total Deposited","Total Interest Earned","interestRatio","Interest to Principal Ratio","initialPrincipal","Initial principal: {{amount}}","totalContributions","Total contributions: {{amount}}",{"_166":3514,"_200":3515,"_1275":3516,"_1004":3517,"_1006":3518,"_1008":3519,"_1467":3520,"_3521":3522},"How Compound Interest Works","Compound interest is interest calculated on both the initial principal and the accumulated interest from previous periods. Albert Einstein reportedly called it \"the eighth wonder of the world.\"","Tips for Maximizing Growth","Start early - time is your most powerful tool","Make regular contributions to accelerate growth","More frequent compounding means slightly higher returns","Keep your money invested for longer periods","tip5","Reinvest dividends and interest to maximize compounding",{"_509":3524},"Enter investment details to calculate returns","tools/confidence-interval-calculator",{"_166":3527,"_200":3528,"_222":3529,"_1168":3541,"_1065":3550,"_2449":3570,"_2809":3578,"_1073":3583,"_438":3584,"_3592":3593,"_57":3596,"_989":3628},"Confidence Interval Calculator","Calculate confidence intervals for means, proportions, and differences",{"_3530":1353,"_3531":3532,"_3533":3534,"_3535":3536,"_3537":3538,"_3539":3540},"calculatorMode","confidenceLevel","Confidence Level","meanCI","Confidence Interval for Mean","proportionCI","Confidence Interval for Proportion","twoMeansCI","Confidence Interval for Difference of Means","requiredSampleSize","Required Sample Size",{"_3542":3543,"_3544":3545,"_3546":3547,"_3548":3549},"singleMean","Single Mean","proportion","Proportion","twoMeans","Two Means","sampleSize","Sample Size",{"_3551":3552,"_3548":3553,"_1863":3554,"_3555":3556,"_1849":3557,"_1859":3558,"_3559":3560,"_2470":3561,"_3562":3563,"_3564":3565,"_3566":3567,"_3568":3569},"sampleMean","Sample Mean (x̄)","Sample Size (n)","Standard Deviation (σ or s)","usePopulationSD","Use population standard deviation (z-interval)","Number of Successes (x)","Mean","stdDev","Std Dev","Size","marginOfError","Desired Margin of Error","estimatedSD","Estimated Std Dev (for mean)","estimatedSDPlaceholder","Leave empty for proportion","estimatedProportion","Estimated Proportion",{"_3551":3571,"_3548":3572,"_1863":1164,"_1849":3573,"_3574":3575,"_3562":3576,"_3568":3577},"e.g., 75.5","e.g., 30","e.g., 45","proportionSampleSize","e.g., 100","e.g., 0.05","Default 0.5",{"_3579":3580,"_3581":3582},"sample1","Sample 1","sample2","Sample 2",{"_30":31},{"_2991":3585,"_3586":3587,"_3588":3589,"_3590":3591},"Please enter valid positive numbers","validProportion","Please enter valid numbers (0 ≤ successes ≤ sample size)","validMarginOfError","Please enter a valid margin of error > 0","validStandardDeviation","Standard deviation must be positive","hints",{"_3594":3595},"sampleSizeNote","For proportions, leave Std Dev empty. Use 0.5 for maximum sample size.",{"_166":3597,"_3598":3599,"_3600":3601,"_3539":3540,"_3602":3603,"_3604":3604,"_3562":3605,"_3606":3607,"_3608":3609,"_3610":3611,"_3612":3613,"_3614":3615,"_3616":3617,"_3618":3619,"_3620":3621,"_3011":3622,"_3013":3623,"_3624":3625,"_3626":3627},"Confidence Interval Result","proportionTitle","Proportion CI Result","twoMeansTitle","Two Means CI Result","confidenceInterval","Confidence Interval","or","Margin of Error","standardError","Standard Error","criticalValue","Critical Value","intervalType","Interval Type","zInterval","Z-interval","tInterval","T-interval","sampleProportion","Sample Proportion (p̂)","pointEstimate","Point Estimate (x̄₁ - x̄₂)","ciForDifference","CI for μ₁ - μ₂","The interval does not contain 0 - evidence of a significant difference","The interval contains 0 - no evidence of a significant difference","minimumSampleSize","Minimum Sample Size","forConfidence","For {{confidence}}% confidence with margin of error ± {{margin}}",{"_166":3629,"_200":3630,"_3631":3632,"_1954":3633,"_3634":3635,"_3636":3637,"_3612":3638,"_3639":3640,"_3614":3641},"About Confidence Intervals","A confidence interval gives a range of plausible values for a population parameter based on sample data.","interpretationTitle","Interpretation:","If we repeated the sampling process many times, approximately 95% of the constructed intervals would contain the true population parameter.","whenToUseTitle","When to use:","zIntervalTitle","Z-interval:","Known population σ or large n (≥30)","tIntervalTitle","T-interval:","Unknown population σ with small n","tools/correlation-calculator",{"_166":3644,"_200":3645,"_136":3646,"_1065":3653,"_1199":3661,"_57":3669,"_1954":3677,"_3694":3695,"_3705":3706,"_1096":3713,"_989":3714},"Correlation Calculator","Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and analyze relationships between two variables",{"_3647":3648,"_3649":3650,"_3651":3652},"strongPositive","Strong +","strongNegative","Strong -","weak","Weak",{"_3654":3655,"_3656":3657,"_2883":3658,"_3659":3660},"dataPoints","Enter Data Points","dataPointsHint","(one x, y pair per line)","Enter points like:\n1, 2\n3, 4\n5, 6","pointsDetected","{{count}} points detected",{"_166":3662,"_3663":3664,"_3665":3666,"_3667":3668,"_3651":3652},"Scatter Plot","emptyMessage","Enter at least 2 data points","strong","Strong","moderate","Moderate",{"_166":3670,"_3671":3672,"_3673":3674,"_3675":3676},"Correlation Results","pearsonR","Pearson r","rSquared","R-squared (R²)","covariance","Covariance",{"_166":3678,"_3679":3680,"_3681":3682,"_178":3683,"_3684":3685,"_3688":3689},"Interpretation","none","There is no linear relationship between the variables.","perfect","There is a perfect {{direction}} linear relationship. All points lie exactly on a line.","There is a {{strength}} {{direction}} linear relationship between the variables. {{variance}}% of the variance in Y is explained by X.","direction",{"_3686":3686,"_3687":3687,"_3679":53},"positive","negative","strength",{"_3690":3691,"_3651":3651,"_3667":3667,"_3665":3665,"_3692":3693},"very_weak","very weak","very_strong","very strong","descriptiveStats",{"_166":3696,"_3697":3698,"_3699":3700,"_3548":3549,"_3701":3702,"_3703":3704},"Descriptive Statistics","meanX","Mean X","meanY","Mean Y","stdDevX","Std Dev X","stdDevY","Std Dev Y","strengthGuide",{"_166":3707,"_3681":3708,"_3709":3710,"_3665":3666,"_3667":3668,"_3651":3652,"_3711":3712},"Correlation Strength Guide","Perfect","veryStrong","Very Strong","veryWeak","Very Weak","Enter at least 2 data points to calculate correlation",{"_166":3715,"_3716":3717,"_3671":3720,"_3673":3723,"_1238":3725,"_1954":3732},"About Correlation","whatIsCorrelation",{"_166":3718,"_200":3719},"What is Correlation?","Correlation measures the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two variables. It helps determine if and how strongly pairs of variables are related.",{"_166":3721,"_200":3722},"Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r)","The Pearson r value ranges from -1 to +1. A value of +1 indicates a perfect positive linear relationship, -1 indicates a perfect negative linear relationship, and 0 indicates no linear relationship. The sign indicates the direction of the relationship.",{"_166":3674,"_200":3724},"R-squared represents the proportion of variance in the dependent variable that is predictable from the independent variable. It ranges from 0 to 1, where higher values indicate more of the variance is explained by the relationship.",{"_166":1240,"_3726":3727,"_3728":3729,"_3730":3731},"pearsonFormula","r = Σ(xi - x̄)(yi - ȳ) / √[Σ(xi - x̄)² × Σ(yi - ȳ)²]","rSquaredFormula","R² = r²","covarianceFormula","Cov(X,Y) = Σ(xi - x̄)(yi - ȳ) / (n-1)",{"_166":3733,"_200":3734},"Interpretation Guidelines","Correlation does not imply causation. A strong correlation between two variables does not mean that one causes the other. There may be other factors involved, or the relationship could be coincidental.","tools/coulombs-law-calculator",{"_166":3737,"_200":3738,"_1065":3739,"_57":3765,"_1199":3781,"_136":3790,"_1235":3797,"_1238":3799,"_1201":3805,"_989":3825},"Coulomb's Law Calculator","Calculate electrostatic force between charged particles using Coulomb's Law",{"_2181":2180,"_2179":3740,"_3749":3750,"_3751":3752,"_3753":3754,"_3755":3752,"_3756":3757,"_3758":2830,"_3759":3760,"_3761":3762,"_2210":2210,"_3763":3764},{"_3741":3742,"_3743":3744,"_3745":3746,"_3747":3748},"force","Force (F)","charge1","Charge 1 (q₁)","charge2","Charge 2 (q₂)","distance","Distance (r)","charge1Label","Charge 1 (C)","charge1Placeholder","e.g., 1e-6 or -2e-9","charge2Label","Charge 2 (C)","charge2Placeholder","distanceLabel","Distance (m)","distancePlaceholder","forceLabel","Force (N)","forcePlaceholder","Newtons","chargeHint","Use scientific notation (e.g., 1e-6 for 1 μC)",{"_166":58,"_3766":1200,"_3741":3767,"_3747":3768,"_3743":3769,"_3745":3770,"_3771":3772,"_3773":3774,"_3775":3776,"_3777":3778,"_3779":3780},"visualizationTitle","Force","Distance","Charge 1","Charge 2","attractiveForce","Attractive Force","repulsiveForce","Repulsive Force","electricFieldsTitle","Electric Fields","electricField1","E at q₂ due to q₁:","electricField2","E at q₁ due to q₂:",{"_3782":3783,"_3784":3785,"_3786":3787,"_3788":3789},"attractive","Attractive","repulsive","Repulsive","positiveLabel","Red = Positive","negativeLabel","Blue = Negative",{"_3791":3792,"_3793":3794,"_3795":3796},"opposite","Opposite Charges","same","Same Charges","small","Small Charges",{"_1094":3798},"Enter the known values to calculate",{"_166":3800,"_1867":3801,"_3802":3803,"_1324":3804},"Coulomb's Law","F = k|q₁||q₂|/r²","constant","N·m²/C²","Like charges repel, opposite charges attract.",{"_3806":3807,"_3808":3809,"_3810":3811,"_3812":3813,"_3814":3815,"_3816":2349,"_3817":3818,"_3819":3820,"_3821":3822,"_3823":3824},"coulomb","C","milliCoulomb","mC","microCoulomb","μC","nanoCoulomb","nC","picoCoulomb","pC","newton","milliNewton","mN","microNewton","μN","meter","m","newtonPerCoulomb","N/C",{"_166":3826,"_200":3827,"_1260":1261,"_1262":3828,"_1264":3829,"_1266":3830,"_1268":3831,"_1126":1270,"_1128":3832,"_1130":3833,"_1132":3834,"_1134":3835,"_1275":1276,"_1004":3836,"_1006":3837,"_1008":3838},"About Coulomb's Law Calculator","Calculate the electrostatic force between two charged particles. Coulomb's Law describes the force of attraction or repulsion between two point charges, fundamental to understanding electrostatics and electric fields.","The force is directly proportional to the product of the charges (F ∝ q₁q₂)","The force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance (F ∝ 1/r²)","Like charges (same sign) repel each other with a positive force","Opposite charges (different signs) attract each other","Physics education and electrostatics homework","Understanding atomic structure and electron-proton interactions","Calculating forces in electrostatic experiments","Engineering applications in electronics and particle physics","Use scientific notation for very small charges (e.g., 1e-6 for microcoulombs)","Negative charges indicate electrons or negatively charged objects","The visualization shows charge polarity and force direction","tools/countdown-timer",{"_166":3841,"_200":3842,"_136":3843,"_1065":3850,"_3052":3855,"_3866":3867,"_1096":3870,"_989":3872},"Countdown Timer","Live countdown to any date and time",{"_3844":3845,"_3846":3847,"_3848":3849},"newYear","New Year","oneWeek","One Week","christmas","Christmas",{"_3851":3852,"_3853":3854},"targetDate","Target Date","targetTime","Target Time",{"_3856":1026,"_3857":3858,"_3859":3860,"_2730":3861,"_3862":3863,"_3864":3865},"days","hours","Hours","minutes","Minutes","Seconds","until","until ","at"," at ","expired",{"_166":3868,"_1094":3869},"Time's Up!","The countdown has ended",{"_1094":3871},"Select a target date to start the countdown",{"_166":3873,"_1521":3874,"_3875":3876,"_1128":3877,"_1130":3878,"_1132":3879,"_1134":3880,"_1136":3881,"_1138":3882},"How to Use This Countdown Timer","Set a target date and time to see a live countdown showing days, hours, minutes, and seconds remaining. The timer updates every second automatically.","perfectForTitle","Perfect For","Birthdays and anniversaries","Holidays and celebrations","Product launches","Event deadlines","Vacation countdowns","Project milestones","tools/countdown",{"_166":3885,"_200":3886,"_136":3887,"_1065":3891,"_1073":3894,"_57":3895,"_989":3899},"Days Until Calculator","Calculate how many days, weeks, and months until any date",{"_3888":732,"_3889":3890,"_3848":3849},"30days","3months","3 Months",{"_3892":3893},"selectTargetDate","Select Target Date",{"_30":31},{"_3856":1026,"_3896":3897,"_3898":1024,"_3857":3858},"weeks","Weeks","months",{"_166":3900,"_3901":3902,"_3903":3904},"Popular Countdowns","daysUntilChristmas","Days until Christmas","daysUntilNewYear","Days until New Year","tools/csv-to-json-converter",{"_166":3907,"_200":3908,"_136":3909,"_1065":3914,"_1073":3939,"_1580":3945,"_438":3949,"_989":3955},"CSV to JSON Converter","Convert CSV data to JSON format with custom delimiters and formatting",{"_3910":3911,"_2934":2935,"_3912":3913},"peopleData","People Data","weatherData","Weather Data",{"_3915":3916,"_3917":3918,"_3919":3920,"_3921":3922,"_3923":3924,"_3925":3926,"_3927":3928,"_3929":3930,"_3931":3932,"_3933":3934,"_3935":3936,"_3937":3938},"csvInput","CSV Input","csvPlaceholder","Paste your CSV data here...","firstRowHeaders","First row is headers","delimiter","Delimiter","comma","Comma (,)","semicolon","Semicolon (;)","tab","Tab","pipe","Pipe (|)","outputFormat","Output Format","arrayOfObjects","Array of Objects","objectKeyed","Object (keyed by first column)","prettyPrint","Pretty Print (indented)",{"_32":3940,"_3941":3942,"_3943":3944},"Convert to JSON","copyJSON","Copy JSON","downloadJSON","Download JSON",{"_3946":3947,"_569":3948},"jsonOutput","JSON Output","{{chars}} characters · {{lines}} lines",{"_3950":3951,"_651":3952,"_3953":3954},"emptyInput","Please enter some CSV data","No data found in CSV","conversionError","Conversion error: {{message}}",{"_166":3956,"_200":3957,"_3108":3109,"_3958":3959,"_3960":3961,"_3962":3963,"_3964":3965,"_3966":3967,"_3968":3969,"_3970":3971,"_3972":3973,"_3974":3975,"_3976":3977,"_3978":3979,"_3980":3981,"_1275":1276,"_1004":3982,"_1006":3983,"_1008":3984,"_1467":3985},"How to Use the CSV to JSON Converter","Convert CSV (Comma-Separated Values) data into JSON format. Perfect for importing data into applications, APIs, or databases that require JSON format.","feature1","Supports multiple delimiters (comma, semicolon, tab, pipe)","feature2","Handles CSV data with or without headers","feature3","Multiple output formats: array, object, or pretty-printed","feature4","Handles quoted fields and escaped quotes correctly","feature5","Download converted JSON as a file","outputFormatsTitle","Output Formats","arrayLabel","Array of Objects:","arrayDesc","Each CSV row becomes a JSON object in an array","objectLabel","Object (keyed):","objectDesc","Uses the first column as keys for a JSON object","prettyLabel","Pretty Print:","prettyDesc","Formatted with indentation for readability","Make sure your CSV data uses consistent delimiters","Use quotes around fields that contain delimiters or newlines","Check \"First row is headers\" if your CSV has column names","For Excel files, save as CSV first before converting","tools/currency-converter",{"_166":3988,"_200":3989,"_1065":3990,"_1073":3995,"_57":4000,"_325":4006,"_4016":4017,"_438":4078,"_989":4083},"Currency Converter","Convert between world currencies with live exchange rates",{"_3991":3992,"_3993":1722,"_3994":1724},"amountLabel","Amount","fromLabel","toLabel",{"_32":33,"_3996":3997,"_3998":3999},"swap","Swap","refresh","Refresh Rates",{"_166":4001,"_4002":4003,"_4004":4005},"Conversion Result","rate","Exchange Rate","updated","Rates updated",{"_166":4007,"_4008":4009,"_4010":4011,"_4012":4013,"_4014":4015},"Popular Conversions","usdEur","USD to EUR","usdGbp","USD to GBP","eurUsd","EUR to USD","usdJpy","USD to JPY","currencies",{"_4018":4019,"_4020":4021,"_4022":4023,"_4024":4025,"_4026":4027,"_4028":4029,"_4030":4031,"_4032":4033,"_4034":4035,"_4036":4037,"_4038":4039,"_4040":4041,"_4042":4043,"_4044":4045,"_4046":4047,"_4048":4049,"_4050":4051,"_4052":4053,"_4054":4055,"_4056":4057,"_4058":4059,"_4060":4061,"_4062":4063,"_4064":4065,"_4066":4067,"_4068":4069,"_4070":4071,"_4072":4073,"_4074":4075,"_4076":4077},"USD","US Dollar","EUR","Euro","GBP","British Pound","JPY","Japanese Yen","AUD","Australian Dollar","CAD","Canadian Dollar","CHF","Swiss Franc","CNY","Chinese Yuan","INR","Indian Rupee","MXN","Mexican Peso","BRL","Brazilian Real","KRW","South Korean Won","SGD","Singapore Dollar","HKD","Hong Kong Dollar","NOK","Norwegian Krone","SEK","Swedish Krona","DKK","Danish Krone","NZD","New Zealand Dollar","ZAR","South African Rand","RUB","Russian Ruble","TRY","Turkish Lira","PLN","Polish Zloty","THB","Thai Baht","IDR","Indonesian Rupiah","MYR","Malaysian Ringgit","PHP","Philippine Peso","CZK","Czech Koruna","ILS","Israeli Shekel","AED","UAE Dirham","SAR","Saudi Riyal",{"_4079":4080,"_4081":4082},"fetchError","Unable to fetch exchange rates. Please try again later.","invalidAmount","Please enter a valid amount",{"_166":4084,"_200":4085,"_3108":3109,"_3958":4086,"_3960":4087,"_3962":4088,"_3964":4089,"_4090":4091,"_4092":4093,"_4094":4095,"_4096":4097,"_1275":1276,"_1004":4098,"_1006":4099,"_1008":4100},"About Currency Converter","Convert between major world currencies using real-time exchange rates from the European Central Bank via the Frankfurter API.","30+ major world currencies","Real-time exchange rates","Free and no registration required","Rates from the European Central Bank","notesTitle","Notes","note1","Rates are updated daily on business days","note2","Weekend rates show Friday's closing rates","note3","For financial transactions, verify rates with your bank","Use the swap button to quickly reverse conversion","Check popular conversions for common currency pairs","Rates may differ slightly from interbank rates","tools/date-difference-calculator",{"_166":4103,"_200":4104,"_136":4105,"_1065":4112,"_57":4113,"_989":4125,"_1235":4133},"Date Difference Calculator","Calculate the exact difference between two dates in multiple formats",{"_4106":4107,"_4108":4109,"_4110":4111},"yearToToday","Year to Today","todayToChristmas","Today to Christmas","fiveYearProject","5 Year Project",{"_2553":2554,"_2555":2556},{"_4114":4115,"_2562":2563,"_4116":4117,"_4118":4119,"_4120":4121,"_4122":4123,"_4124":1022},"timeDifference","Time Difference","totalWeeks","Total Weeks","totalMonths","Total Months","totalHours","Total Hours","totalMinutes","Total Minutes","years",{"_166":4126,"_200":4127,"_1599":2573,"_1128":4128,"_1130":4129,"_1132":4130,"_1134":4131,"_1136":4132},"How to Use This Date Difference Calculator","Enter two dates to calculate the exact time difference between them. Results are shown in multiple formats including years, months, weeks, days, hours, and minutes.","Calculate your exact age","Find days until an important event","Determine project duration","Calculate time between historical dates","Plan deadlines and milestones",{"_509":4134},"Enter two dates to calculate difference","tools/decision-maker",{"_166":4137,"_200":4138,"_136":4139,"_1065":4146,"_563":4153,"_3153":4158,"_57":4162,"_2809":4165,"_1073":4168,"_989":4171},"Decision Maker","Let random chance make decisions for you",{"_4140":4141,"_4142":4143,"_4144":4145},"foodChoice","Food Choice","activityChoice","Activity Choice","sequentialChoices","Sequential Choices",{"_4147":4148,"_4149":4150,"_4151":4152},"optionsLabel","Options (one per line)","optionsPlaceholder","Enter your options, one per line...","excludePrevious","Exclude previous choices (resets when all used)",{"_4154":4155,"_4156":4157},"optionsAvailable","{{count}} options available","notYetSelected","{{count}} not yet selected",{"_4159":4160,"_3161":4161},"deciding","Deciding...","Ready to Decide",{"_4163":4164},"decisionIs","The decision is:",{"_4166":4167},"previousChoices","Previous Choices ({{count}})",{"_4169":4170},"makeDecision","Make Decision",{"_166":4172,"_200":4173,"_309":3109,"_4174":4175,"_4176":4177,"_4178":4179,"_4180":4181,"_4182":4183,"_4184":4185,"_4186":4187,"_4188":4189},"How to Use Decision Maker","Enter your options (one per line), click \"Make Decision\", and let randomness choose for you. Perfect for when you can't decide between multiple choices.","randomLabel","Random Selection: ","randomDesc","Truly random choice from your options","excludeLabel","Exclude Previous: ","excludeDesc","Option to avoid repeating recent choices","animationLabel","Visual Animation: ","animationDesc","Animated decision reveal","unlimitedLabel","Unlimited Options: ","unlimitedDesc","Add as many choices as you want","tools/derivative-calculator",{"_166":4192,"_200":4193,"_136":4194,"_1065":4201,"_1199":4208,"_57":4215,"_2283":4220,"_438":4222,"_361":4225,"_989":4232},"Derivative Calculator","Calculate derivatives of polynomial functions with step-by-step solutions and visual tangent line graph",{"_4195":4196,"_4197":4198,"_4199":4200},"cubic","x³ - 2x² + x - 1","quartic","5x⁴ + 3x²","quintic","x⁵ - x³ + x",{"_4202":4203,"_4204":4205,"_4206":4207},"expressionLabel","Enter a polynomial function f(x)","expressionPlaceholder","e.g., 3x^2 + 2x - 5","expressionHelper","Supports polynomials with x. Use ^ for exponents (e.g., x^2).",{"_4209":4210,"_4211":4212,"_4213":4214},"tangentPointLabel","Tangent point x = {{point}}","functionLine","f(x)","tangentLine","Tangent line",{"_4216":4217,"_4218":4219},"originalFunction","Derivative","stepByStepTitle","Step-by-Step Solution",{"_4221":4221},"slope",{"_4223":4224},"parseError","Could not parse the expression. Please check the format.",{"_166":4226,"_4227":4212,"_4228":4229,"_4230":4231},"Common Derivative Rules","functionHeader","derivativeHeader","f'(x)","ruleHeader","Rule",{"_166":4233,"_200":4234,"_4235":4236,"_4237":4238,"_2948":2949,"_4239":4240,"_4241":4242,"_4243":4244,"_4245":4246,"_4247":4248,"_4249":4250},"Understanding Derivatives","A derivative represents the rate of change of a function at any given point. In calculus, it measures how a function's output changes as its input changes. The derivative of a function f(x) is denoted as f'(x) or df/dx.","powerRuleTitle","The Power Rule","powerRuleDesc","The most fundamental rule for derivatives is the power rule: if f(x) = x^n, then f'(x) = n·x^(n-1). This means you multiply by the exponent and reduce the exponent by 1.","exampleDesc","For f(x) = 3x^2 + 2x - 5: The derivative of 3x^2 is 2·3·x^(2-1) = 6x. The derivative of 2x is 2. The derivative of -5 (a constant) is 0. Therefore, f'(x) = 6x + 2.","useCasesTitle","Why Derivatives Matter","useCase1","Finding the slope of a curve at any point","useCase2","Determining maximum and minimum values (optimization)","useCase3","Analyzing velocity and acceleration in physics","useCase4","Understanding rates of change in economics, biology, and engineering","tools/determinant-calculator",{"_166":4253,"_200":4254,"_1065":4255,"_1199":4258,"_57":4267,"_989":4278},"Determinant Calculator","Calculate matrix determinants, trace, and inverse with 2D transformation visualization",{"_4256":4257},"matrixSize","Matrix Size",{"_4259":4260,"_4261":4262,"_4263":4264,"_4265":4266},"only2x2","2D visualization only for 2×2 matrices","areaScale","Area scale","unitSquare","Unit square","transformed","Transformed",{"_166":58,"_4268":4269,"_4270":4271,"_563":564,"_4272":4273,"_4274":4275,"_4276":4277},"determinant","Determinant","trace","Trace","invertible","Invertible","singular","Singular","inverseMatrix","Inverse Matrix",{"_166":4279,"_200":4280,"_4281":4282,"_4283":4284,"_4285":4286,"_4287":4288,"_3631":3678,"_4289":4290,"_4291":4292,"_4293":4294,"_4295":4296,"_4297":4298,"_4299":4300,"_1197":1240,"_4301":4302,"_4303":4304},"About Matrix Determinants","The determinant is a scalar value that encodes important information about a square matrix. It's fundamental in linear algebra and has geometric and algebraic interpretations.","propertiesTitle","Key Properties","property1","det(AB) = det(A) × det(B) - The determinant of a product equals the product of determinants","property2","det(A⁻¹) = 1/det(A) - The determinant of an inverse equals the reciprocal of the determinant","property3","det(kA) = k^n × det(A) - Scalar multiplication scales the determinant by k^n where n is the matrix size","geometricLabel","Geometric:","geometricDesc","For a 2×2 matrix, |det(A)| represents the area scaling factor of the linear transformation. For 3×3, it's the volume scaling factor.","algebraicLabel","Algebraic:","algebraicDesc","A non-zero determinant means the matrix has full rank and is invertible. It represents the system of equations has a unique solution.","zeroDetLabel","Zero determinant:","zeroDetDesc","Means the transformation collapses space (squashes it to a lower dimension) and the matrix is singular (non-invertible).","formula2x2","For a 2×2 matrix [[a, b], [c, d]]:","formula3x3","For a 3×3 matrix, use cofactor expansion or Sarrus' rule:","tools/dice-roller",{"_166":4307,"_200":4308,"_136":4309,"_1065":4316,"_4341":4342,"_3153":4357,"_57":4364,"_1073":4366,"_2809":4369,"_989":4372},"Dice Roller","Roll virtual dice for games and decisions",{"_4310":4311,"_4312":4313,"_4314":4315},"singleD20","Single d20","twoD6","Two d6 (2d6)","fourD6","Four d6 (4d6)",{"_4317":4318,"_4319":4320,"_4321":4322,"_4323":4324,"_4325":4326,"_4327":4328,"_4329":4330,"_4331":4332,"_4333":4334,"_4335":4336,"_4337":4338,"_4339":4340},"numberOfDice","Number of Dice","oneDie","1 Die","twoDice","2 Dice","threeDice","3 Dice","fourDice","4 Dice","fiveDice","5 Dice","sixDice","6 Dice","sevenDice","7 Dice","eightDice","8 Dice","nineDice","9 Dice","tenDice","10 Dice","diceType","Dice Type","diceTypes",{"_4343":4344,"_4345":4346,"_4347":4348,"_4349":4350,"_4351":4352,"_4353":4354,"_4355":4356},"d4","d4 (4-sided)","d6","d6 (6-sided)","d8","d8 (8-sided)","d10","d10 (10-sided)","d12","d12 (12-sided)","d20","d20 (20-sided)","d100","d100 (100-sided)",{"_4358":4359,"_4360":4361,"_4362":4363},"rolling","Rolling {{numDice}}{{diceType}}","rollingInProgress","Rolling...","readyToRoll","Ready to Roll",{"_1729":4365},"Total: {{total}}",{"_4367":4368,"_3166":3167},"roll","Roll {{num}}{{type}}",{"_4370":4371},"rollHistory","Roll History (Last 10)",{"_166":4373,"_200":4374,"_309":3109,"_4375":4376,"_4377":4378,"_4379":4380,"_4381":4382,"_3193":4383,"_3195":4384,"_4385":4386,"_4387":4388},"How to Use Dice Roller","Select the number of dice and dice type, then click \"Roll\" to get random results. Perfect for tabletop games, RPGs, or any situation requiring dice rolls.","multipleTypesLabel","Multiple Dice Types:","multipleTypesDesc","Support for d4, d6, d8, d10, d12, d20, d100","multipleDiceLabel","Multiple Dice:","multipleDiceDesc","Roll up to 10 dice at once","Roll History:","See your last 10 rolls","visualLabel","Visual Results:","visualDesc","Individual dice values and total displayed clearly","tools/diff-checker",{"_166":4391,"_200":4392,"_136":4393,"_1065":4406,"_1073":4415,"_4418":4419,"_569":4424,"_57":4431,"_989":4439},"Diff Checker","Compare two texts and highlight the differences",{"_4394":4395,"_4396":4397,"_4398":4399,"_4400":4401,"_4402":4403,"_4404":4405},"simpleText","Simple Text","simpleTextOriginal","Hello World\nThis is a test\nSome text here\nFinal line","simpleTextModified","Hello World\nThis is a modified test\nSome text here\nNew line added\nFinal line","codeChange","Code Change","codeChangeOriginal","function calculate(a, b) {\n return a + b;\n}","codeChangeModified","function calculate(a, b) {\n const result = a + b;\n return result;\n}",{"_4407":4408,"_4409":4410,"_4411":4412,"_4413":4414},"originalText","Original Text","originalPlaceholder","Paste original text here...","modifiedText","Modified Text","modifiedPlaceholder","Paste modified text here...",{"_4416":4417},"compare","Compare Texts","viewModes",{"_4420":4421,"_4422":4423},"sideBySide","Side by Side","unified","Unified",{"_4425":4426,"_4427":4428,"_4429":4430},"added","Added","removed","Removed","unchanged","Unchanged",{"_4432":4433,"_1428":4434,"_4435":4436,"_4437":4438},"comparisonResult","Comparison Result","Original","modified","Modified","unifiedDiff","Unified Diff",{"_166":4440,"_200":4441,"_4442":4443,"_4444":4445,"_4446":4447,"_4448":4449,"_4450":4451,"_4452":4453,"_4454":4455,"_4418":4456,"_4457":4458,"_4459":4460,"_4461":4462,"_4463":4464,"_1599":2573,"_1128":4465,"_1130":4466,"_1132":4467,"_1134":4468,"_1136":4469},"How to Use the Diff Checker","Compare two versions of text to see what changed. Perfect for code reviews, document revisions, and tracking changes in any text file.","colorCoding","Color Coding","greenLabel","Green (+ symbol): ","greenDesc","Lines that were added in the modified version","redLabel","Red (- symbol): ","redDesc","Lines that were removed from the original version","whiteLabel","White: ","whiteDesc","Lines that remain unchanged","View Modes","sideBySideLabel","Side by Side: ","sideBySideDesc","View original and modified versions next to each other","unifiedLabel","Unified: ","unifiedDesc","View all changes in a single column (like Git diffs)","Code review and version comparison","Document revision tracking","Configuration file changes","Text file merging and conflict resolution","Quality assurance and testing","tools/dilution-calculator",{"_166":4472,"_200":4473,"_136":4474,"_1065":4481,"_1168":4514,"_4524":4525,"_1073":4526,"_438":4527,"_57":4536,"_989":4568,"_1235":4581},"Dilution Calculator","Calculate solution dilutions using M₁V₁ = M₂V₂ equation",{"_4475":4476,"_4477":4478,"_4479":4480},"basicDilution","M₁V₁ = M₂V₂","serialDilution","Serial dilution 1:10","stockSolution","Stock solution prep",{"_3530":1353,"_4482":4483,"_4484":4485,"_4486":4487,"_4488":3575,"_4489":4490,"_4491":2206,"_4492":4493,"_4494":4495,"_2179":2180,"_4496":4497,"_4498":4485,"_4499":4500,"_4501":1164,"_4502":4503,"_4504":1286,"_4505":4506,"_4507":4485,"_4508":4509,"_4510":2206,"_4511":4512,"_4513":3575},"m1","M₁ (Initial Concentration)","m1Placeholder","e.g., 1.0","v1","V₁ (Initial Volume)","v1Placeholder","m2","M₂ (Final Concentration)","m2Placeholder","v2","V₂ (Final Volume)","v2Placeholder","e.g., 1000","initialConcentration","Initial Concentration","initialConcentrationPlaceholder","dilutionFactor","Dilution Factor","dilutionFactorPlaceholder","numberOfDilutions","Number of Dilutions","numberOfDilutionsPlaceholder","stockConcentration","Stock Concentration (M)","stockConcentrationPlaceholder","desiredConcentration","Desired Concentration (M)","desiredConcentrationPlaceholder","desiredVolume","Desired Volume (mL)","desiredVolumePlaceholder",{"_4515":4476,"_4516":4517,"_4518":4519,"_4520":4521,"_4522":4523},"dilution","dilutionEquation","Dilution Equation: M₁V₁ = M₂V₂","serial","Serial Dilution","stock","Stock Solution","stockPreparation","Stock Solution Preparation","variables",{"_4482":4483,"_4486":4487,"_4489":4490,"_4492":4493},{"_30":31},{"_4528":4529,"_4530":4531,"_4532":4533,"_4534":4535},"invalidDilution","Invalid input or physically impossible dilution","invalidNumbers","Please enter valid numbers","factorTooSmall","Dilution factor must be greater than 1","concentrationTooHigh","Desired concentration cannot exceed stock concentration",{"_4537":4538,"_4482":4539,"_4486":4540,"_4489":4541,"_4492":4542,"_4543":4544,"_4499":4500,"_4545":4546,"_4547":4548,"_4549":4550,"_4551":4552,"_4553":4554,"_4555":4556,"_4557":4558,"_4559":4523,"_984":4560,"_1036":4561,"_1038":4562,"_1040":4563,"_4564":4565,"_4566":4567},"dilutionResult","Dilution Result","M₁","V₁","M₂","V₂","solventToAdd","Solvent to Add","serialDilutionResults","Serial Dilution Results","step","Step","concentration","Concentration","totalDilution","Total Dilution","dilutionRatio","1:{{value}}","finalConcentration","Final Concentration","totalDilutionValue","Total dilution: 1:{{value}}","stockSolutionPreparation","Instructions:","Measure {{volume}} mL of stock solution","Add {{volume}} mL of solvent","Mix thoroughly","stockVolume","Stock Volume","solventVolume","Solvent Volume",{"_166":4569,"_2911":4570,"_4571":4572,"_4573":4574,"_4575":4576,"_4577":4578,"_4579":4580},"About Dilution Calculations","The dilution equation M₁V₁ = M₂V₂ relates the concentration and volume before and after dilution.","m1Definition","M₁ = Initial concentration","v1Definition","V₁ = Initial volume (volume of stock to use)","m2Definition","M₂ = Final concentration (always lower)","v2Definition","V₂ = Final volume (total volume after dilution)","serialDescription","Serial dilution is used to create a range of concentrations by repeatedly diluting by the same factor. This is commonly used in microbiology, chemistry, and pharmacology to prepare standard curves or achieve very low concentrations.",{"_509":4582},"Enter concentrations to calculate dilution","tools/discount-calculator",{"_166":4585,"_200":4586,"_136":4587,"_1065":4594,"_2809":4603,"_16":4606,"_57":4618,"_989":4626,"_1235":4638},"Discount Calculator","Calculate how much you save and your final price after applying a discount",{"_4588":4589,"_4590":4591,"_4592":4593},"twentyOff","20% off $50","thirtyOff","30% off $100","fifteenOff","15% off $250",{"_4595":4596,"_4597":4598,"_4599":4600,"_4601":4602},"originalPrice","Original Price ($)","originalPricePlaceholder","Enter original price","discount","Discount (%)","discountPlaceholder","Enter discount percentage",{"_4604":4605},"commonDiscounts","Common discounts:",{"_4607":4608,"_4609":4610,"_4611":4612,"_4613":4614,"_4615":4616,"_2141":4617},"ten","10% off","fifteen","15% off","twenty","20% off","twentyFive","25% off","thirty","30% off","50% off",{"_4619":4620,"_4621":4622,"_4595":4623,"_4624":4625},"finalPrice","Final Price","youSave","You save {{amount}} ({{percent}}% off)","Original Price","savings","You Save",{"_166":4627,"_200":4628,"_4629":4630,"_1036":4631,"_1038":4632,"_1040":4633,"_4634":4635,"_4636":4637},"How to Use This Discount Calculator","This calculator helps you quickly determine how much you'll save and your final price when a discount is applied. Perfect for shopping, comparing deals, and budgeting.","quickGuide","Quick Guide","Enter the original price of the item","Enter the discount percentage (e.g., 20 for 20% off)","See your savings and final price instantly","shoppingTips","Shopping Tips","shoppingTipsDesc","Use this calculator in stores to quickly figure out if a sale is worth it, or to compare prices across different retailers offering different discount percentages.",{"_509":4639},"Enter price and discount to calculate savings","tools/doppler-effect-calculator",{"_166":4642,"_200":4643,"_136":4644,"_1065":4655,"_57":4681,"_1199":4701,"_1238":4710,"_989":4717},"Doppler Effect Calculator","Calculate frequency shifts for moving sound and light sources",{"_4645":4646,"_4647":4648,"_4649":4650,"_4651":4652,"_4653":4654},"ambulanceSiren","Ambulance siren approaching","trainHorn","Train horn receding","carRadio","Car moving toward source","approachingStar","Approaching star","recedingGalaxy","Receding galaxy",{"_4656":4657,"_4658":4659,"_4660":4661,"_4662":4663,"_4664":4663,"_4665":4666,"_4667":4668,"_4669":4670,"_4671":4672,"_4673":4674,"_4675":4676,"_4677":4678,"_4679":4680},"waveType","Wave Type","soundWaves","Sound Waves","lightRelativistic","Light (Relativistic)","sourceFrequency","Source Frequency (Hz)","sourceFrequencyHz","speedOfSound","Speed of Sound (m/s)","sourceVelocity","Source Velocity (m/s)","sourceVelocityHint","Positive = toward observer","observerVelocity","Observer Velocity (m/s)","observerVelocityHint","Positive = toward source","relativeVelocity","Relative Velocity (m/s)","relativeVelocityHint","Positive = approaching","visibleLightRange","Visible light: ~4×10¹⁴ to 8×10¹⁴ Hz",{"_4682":4683,"_4684":4685,"_4686":4685,"_4687":4688,"_4689":4690,"_4691":4692,"_4693":4694,"_4695":4696,"_4697":4698,"_4699":4700},"observedFrequency","Observed Frequency","frequencyShift","Frequency Shift","frequencyShiftPercent","shift","Shift","sourceWavelength","Source λ","observedWavelength","Observed λ","blueshiftHigherPitch","Blueshift (Higher Pitch)","redshiftLowerPitch","Redshift (Lower Pitch)","blueshift","Blueshift","redshift","Redshift",{"_166":1200,"_4702":4703,"_4704":4705,"_4693":4694,"_4695":4696,"_4697":4698,"_4699":4700,"_4706":4707,"_4708":4709,"_3021":3022},"source","Source","observer","Observer","approaching","Approaching","receding","Receding",{"_166":1240,"_4711":4712,"_81":4713,"_4714":4715,"_200":4716},"sound","Sound","Light","beta","where","Approaching objects appear higher frequency (blueshift), receding objects appear lower (redshift).",{"_166":4718,"_200":4719,"_4720":4659,"_4721":4722,"_4723":4724,"_4725":4726},"About the Doppler Effect","The Doppler effect is the change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the wave source. It occurs for all types of waves, including sound, light, and water waves.","soundTitle","soundDescription","When a sound source moves toward you (like an ambulance siren), the sound waves are compressed, resulting in a higher pitch. When it moves away, the waves are stretched, producing a lower pitch. The speed of sound in air at 20°C is approximately 343 m/s.","lightTitle","Light Waves (Relativistic)","lightDescription","For light from astronomical objects, the Doppler effect requires relativistic calculations. Approaching objects show blueshift (shorter wavelength), while receding objects show redshift (longer wavelength). This principle is used to measure the motion of stars and galaxies, and was crucial evidence for the expansion of the universe.","tools/drift-game",{"_166":4729,"_200":4730,"_420":4731},"Drift","A relaxing, zen game where you float, collect, and drift peacefully through beautiful environments.","Free zen floating game. Drift through sky, underwater, or space themes. Relaxing physics-based gameplay with no goals or pressure.","tools/eigenvalue-calculator",{"_166":4734,"_200":4735,"_1065":4736,"_136":4739,"_1199":4746,"_57":4750,"_1238":4774,"_989":4777},"Eigenvalue Calculator","Calculate eigenvalues and eigenvectors for 2x2 matrices with visual transformation",{"_4737":4738},"matrixLabel","Enter 2x2 Matrix",{"_4740":4741,"_4742":4743,"_4744":4745},"scaling","Scaling","rotation","Rotation","shear","Shear",{"_166":4747,"_1428":4434,"_4265":4266,"_4748":4749},"Linear Transformation Visualization","arrowsHint","Arrows show eigenvectors (directions preserved under transformation)",{"_4751":4752,"_4753":4754,"_4755":4756,"_4757":4758,"_4759":4760,"_4761":4762,"_4763":4764,"_4281":4765,"_4270":4766,"_4268":4767,"_4768":4769,"_4770":4771,"_4772":4773},"eigenvaluesTitle","Eigenvalues","real","Real","complex","Complex","eigenvalueN","Eigenvalue {{n}} (λ{{n}})","eigenvectorsTitle","Eigenvectors","eigenvectorN","Eigenvector {{n}} (v{{n}})","complexNote","Complex eigenvalues indicate rotation. Eigenvectors are also complex and not displayed.","Matrix Properties","Trace (a + d)","Determinant (ad - bc)","discriminant","Discriminant","polynomialTitle","Characteristic Polynomial","polynomialNote","Eigenvalues are the roots of this polynomial",{"_166":4775,"_4301":4776},"Eigenvalue Formulas","For 2x2: λ² - (a+d)λ + (ad-bc) = 0",{"_166":4778,"_200":4779,"_4780":4781,"_4782":4783,"_4784":4785,"_1036":4786,"_1038":4787,"_1040":4788,"_1948":4789,"_4790":2390,"_4791":4792,"_4793":4794,"_4795":4796,"_4797":4798,"_4799":4800},"Understanding Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors","Eigenvalues and eigenvectors are fundamental concepts in linear algebra that describe how a matrix transformation scales and preserves certain directions in space.","whatAreTheyTitle","What Are Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors?","whatAreTheyDesc","An eigenvector is a non-zero vector that only gets scaled (not rotated) when a matrix transformation is applied. The eigenvalue is the scaling factor. For a matrix A, eigenvector v, and eigenvalue λ: Av = λv","howToCalculateTitle","How to Calculate (2x2 Matrix)","Find the characteristic polynomial: det(A - λI) = 0","For matrix [[a,b],[c,d]], this gives: λ² - (a+d)λ + (ad-bc) = 0","Solve using quadratic formula: λ = (trace ± √discriminant) / 2","For each eigenvalue, solve (A - λI)v = 0 to find eigenvectors","applicationsTitle","app1","Physics: Analyzing vibrations, quantum mechanics, and stability of systems","app2","Computer Graphics: 3D transformations, principal component analysis","app3","Data Science: Dimensionality reduction (PCA), recommendation systems","app4","Engineering: Structural analysis, control systems, signal processing","app5","Machine Learning: Feature extraction, image compression, clustering","tools/electric-field-calculator",{"_166":4803,"_200":4804,"_1065":4805,"_57":4822,"_2283":4839,"_136":4844,"_1235":4850,"_1238":4852,"_989":4859},"Electric Field Calculator","Calculate electric fields and potentials from multiple point charges using Coulomb's Law",{"_4806":4807,"_4808":4809,"_4810":4811,"_4812":4813,"_4814":4815,"_4816":4817,"_4818":4819,"_4820":4821},"chargesTitle","Point Charges","chargeLabel","Charge (C)","xLabel","X Position (m)","yLabel","Y Position (m)","addCharge","Add Charge","observationTitle","Observation Point","observationXLabel","X Coordinate (m)","observationYLabel","Y Coordinate (m)",{"_4823":4824,"_4825":4826,"_4827":4828,"_4829":4830,"_4831":4832,"_3311":4833,"_1309":1310,"_3019":4834,"_3747":3768,"_4835":4833,"_4836":4837,"_1199":4838},"fieldMagnitude","Field Magnitude","potential","Electric Potential","vectorComponents","Vector Components","ex","Ex","ey","Ey","|E|","Contribution from Each Charge","field","potentialContribution","V","Field Visualization",{"_4840":4841,"_4842":4843},"redPositive","Red = +Q","blueNegative","Blue = -Q",{"_4845":4846,"_4847":4848,"_2796":4849},"singlePositive","Single Positive Charge","dipole","Electric Dipole","Triangle Configuration",{"_1094":4851},"Add charges and specify an observation point to calculate the electric field",{"_166":4853,"_4835":4854,"_4825":4855,"_3802":4856,"_3684":4857,"_200":4858},"Electric Field Formulas","E = kQ/r²","V = kQ/r","k = 8.99×10⁹ N·m²/C²","Field: Away from +Q, Toward -Q","The electric field at a point is the vector sum of fields from all charges. Potential is a scalar and adds algebraically.",{"_166":4860,"_200":4861,"_1260":1261,"_1262":4862,"_1264":4863,"_1266":4864,"_1268":4865,"_4790":1270,"_4866":4867,"_4868":4869,"_4870":4871,"_4872":4873,"_1275":1276,"_1004":4874,"_1006":4875,"_1008":4876},"About Electric Field Calculator","Calculate the electric field and potential at any point due to multiple point charges. This tool uses Coulomb's Law and the principle of superposition to compute the net electric field vector and scalar potential.","Electric field strength decreases with the square of distance (inverse square law)","Positive charges create fields pointing radially outward; negative charges point inward","Electric fields are vectors and add using vector addition (superposition principle)","Electric potential is a scalar quantity that adds algebraically","application1","Electrostatics problems in physics courses","application2","Understanding charge distributions and field patterns","application3","Analyzing electric dipoles and multipole configurations","application4","Calculating forces on test charges in electric fields","Use scientific notation for charges (e.g., 1e-6 for 1 microCoulomb)","The visualization shows field lines (red for positive, blue for negative)","The blue arrow at point P shows the direction and relative magnitude of the net field","tools/electrochemistry-calculator",{"_166":4879,"_200":4880,"_989":4881,"_136":4893,"_1065":4900,"_57":4922,"_369":4933,"_3318":4935,"_4936":4937,"_616":4943,"_1238":4950,"_4967":4968,"_2283":4992},"Electrochemistry Calculator","Calculate cell potentials and Gibbs free energy for galvanic cells",{"_166":4882,"_200":4883,"_1260":1261,"_1262":4884,"_1264":4885,"_1266":4886,"_1268":4887,"_4790":4888,"_4866":4889,"_4868":4890,"_4870":4891,"_4872":4892},"About Electrochemistry","Calculate cell potentials, Gibbs free energy, and determine spontaneity of redox reactions in galvanic (voltaic) cells. Visualize electron flow and understand half-reactions with standard reduction potentials.","Standard cell potential (E°cell) is calculated from the difference between cathode and anode reduction potentials","Positive E°cell indicates a spontaneous reaction (negative ΔG)","The Nernst equation adjusts cell potential for non-standard conditions (concentration, temperature)","Gibbs free energy (ΔG) relates to cell potential: ΔG = -nFE","Applications","Battery and fuel cell design and analysis","Corrosion prevention and electroplating processes","Determining spontaneity of redox reactions","Understanding biological electron transport chains",{"_4894":4895,"_4896":4897,"_4898":4899},"copperZinc","Copper-Zinc Cell (1.10 V)","silverCopper","Silver-Copper Cell (0.46 V)","chlorineBromine","Chlorine-Bromine Cell (0.29 V)",{"_4901":4902,"_4903":4904,"_4905":4906,"_4907":4908,"_4909":4910,"_4911":4912,"_4913":4910,"_4914":4915,"_4916":4917,"_4918":4919,"_4920":4921},"useCustom","Use custom electrode potentials","cathodeLabel","Cathode (Reduction)","anodeLabel","Anode (Oxidation)","customCathodeLabel","Cathode E° (V)","customCathodePlaceholder","Standard reduction potential","customAnodeLabel","Anode E° (V)","customAnodePlaceholder","electronsLabel","Number of electrons transferred (n)","useNernst","Apply Nernst equation (non-standard conditions)","reactionQuotientLabel","Reaction Quotient (Q)","temperatureLabel","Temperature (K)",{"_4923":4924,"_4925":4926,"_4927":4928,"_4929":4930,"_4931":4932,"_51":52,"_53":54},"cellPotentialTitle","Cell Potential","standardPotential","Standard Cell Potential (E°cell)","cellPotential","Cell Potential (E)","gibbsEnergy","Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG)","spontaneous","Spontaneous?",{"_166":4934},"Galvanic Cell Diagram",{"_166":3319},"halfReactions",{"_166":4938,"_4939":4940,"_4941":4942},"Half-Reactions","cathode","Cathode (Reduction):","anode","Anode (Oxidation):",{"_166":4944,"_4945":4946,"_4947":4948,"_4825":4949},"Standard Reduction Potentials","species","Species","reaction","Half-Reaction","E° (V)",{"_166":3327,"_4927":4951,"_4952":4953,"_4954":4955,"_4956":4957,"_4958":4959,"_4960":4961,"_1275":4962,"_1004":4963,"_1006":4964,"_1008":4965,"_1467":4966},"E°cell = E°cathode - E°anode","nernst","Nernst: E = E° - (RT/nF)ln(Q)","nernst25","At 25°C: E = E° - (0.0592/n)log(Q)","gibbs","Gibbs: ΔG = -nFE","constantR","R = 8.314 J/(mol·K)","constantF","F = 96485 C/mol","Tips:","Higher E° means stronger oxidizing agent (more likely to be reduced)","Spontaneous reactions have positive E°cell and negative ΔG","The anode is where oxidation occurs (loses electrons)","The cathode is where reduction occurs (gains electrons)","calculation",{"_4969":4970,"_4971":4972,"_4973":4974,"_4975":4976,"_4977":4978,"_4979":4980,"_4981":4982,"_4983":4984,"_4985":4986,"_4987":4988,"_4931":4989,"_4990":4991},"cellPotentialFormula","Cell Potential: E°cell = E°cathode - E°anode","cathodeReduction","E°cathode (reduction) = {{value}} V","anodeReduction","E°anode (reduction potential) = {{value}} V","cellPotentialCalc","E°cell = {{cathode}} - {{anode}} = {{result}} V","nernstApplied","Applying Nernst equation for non-standard conditions:","cellPotentialValue","E = {{value}} V","gibbsFormula","Gibbs Free Energy: ΔG = -nFE","gibbsCalc","ΔG = -{{n}} × {{F}} × {{E}}","gibbsResult","ΔG = {{jmol}} J/mol = {{kjmol}} kJ/mol","spontaneity","Reaction is {{status}} (E {{comparison}} 0)","SPONTANEOUS","nonspontaneous","NON-SPONTANEOUS",{"_4939":4993,"_4941":4994,"_4995":4996,"_4905":4997,"_4903":4998,"_4999":5000,"_5001":5002,"_5003":5004,"_5005":5006},"Cathode","Anode","saltBridge","Salt Bridge","Anode (-)","Cathode (+)","oxidation","Oxidation","reduction","Reduction","cationsFlow","cations →","anionsFlow","← anions","tools/emoji-picker",{"_166":5009,"_200":5010,"_136":5011,"_1065":5017,"_2809":5021,"_1514":5025,"_989":5030},"Emoji Picker","Browse and copy emojis quickly",{"_5012":5013,"_5014":5015,"_897":5016},"smileys","Smileys & Faces","symbols","Hearts & Symbols","Food & Drinks",{"_5018":5019,"_238":5020},"search","Search Emojis","Search emojis...",{"_323":5022,"_5023":5024,"_1085":1088},"Categories","searchResults","Search Results ({{count}})",{"_22":23,"_5026":5027,"_5028":5029},"noEmojis","No emojis found","copiedToClipboard","Copied to clipboard:",{"_166":5031,"_200":5032,"_309":3109,"_5033":5034,"_5035":5036,"_5037":5038,"_5039":5040,"_5041":5042,"_5043":5044,"_5045":5046,"_5047":5048},"How to Use Emoji Picker","Browse emojis by category or search for specific ones. Click any emoji to copy it to your clipboard, then paste it anywhere you need it.","categoriesLabel","Categories:","categoriesDesc","Browse emojis organized by Smileys, Symbols, Objects, Animals, and Food","searchLabel","Search:","searchDesc","Find emojis quickly with search functionality","clickLabel","Click to Copy:","clickDesc","Single click copies emoji to clipboard","feedbackLabel","Visual Feedback:","feedbackDesc","See confirmation when emoji is copied","tools/enzyme-kinetics-calculator",{"_166":5051,"_200":5052,"_1065":5053,"_5071":5072,"_57":5092,"_136":5114,"_1238":5120,"_1235":5129,"_989":5131},"Enzyme Kinetics Calculator","Calculate Michaelis-Menten kinetics, Lineweaver-Burk plots, and enzyme inhibition",{"_5054":5055,"_5056":5057,"_5058":5059,"_5060":5061,"_5062":5063,"_5064":5065,"_3654":5066,"_5067":5068,"_5069":5070},"inputMethod","Input Method","enterParameters","Enter Parameters","fitFromData","Fit from Data","vmax","Vmax (maximum velocity)","km","Km (Michaelis constant)","substrate","[S] (substrate concentration)","Data Points (S, v per line)","dataHint","Enter substrate concentration and velocity pairs, one per line","dataPlaceholder","1, 16.7\n2, 28.6\n5, 50.0","inhibition",{"_166":5073,"_5074":5075,"_3679":5076,"_5077":5078,"_5079":5080,"_5081":5082,"_4549":5083,"_5084":5085,"_5086":5087,"_5088":5089,"_5090":5091},"Inhibition","type","Inhibition Type","No Inhibition","competitive","Competitive","noncompetitive","Non-competitive","uncompetitive","Uncompetitive","[I] (inhibitor concentration)","ki","Ki (inhibitor constant)","competitiveDesc","Competitive: Inhibitor competes for active site. Km increases, Vmax unchanged.","noncompetitiveDesc","Non-competitive: Inhibitor binds elsewhere. Km unchanged, Vmax decreases.","uncompetitiveDesc","Uncompetitive: Inhibitor binds ES complex. Both Km and Vmax decrease.",{"_5093":5094,"_5095":5096,"_4221":5097,"_5098":5099,"_5100":5101,"_5102":5103,"_5104":5105,"_5106":5107,"_5108":5109,"_5110":5111,"_5112":5113},"kineticParameters","Kinetic Parameters","fitQuality","Fit Quality","Slope (Km/Vmax)","intercept","Intercept (1/Vmax)","inhibitionEffects","Inhibition Effects","percentInhibition","% Inhibition","apparentKm","Apparent Km","apparentVmax","Apparent Vmax","velocitySummary","Velocity Summary","atKm","At [S] = Km","at10Km","At [S] = 10×Km",{"_2770":5115,"_5116":5117,"_5118":5119},"Standard","highAffinity","High Affinity","sampleData","Sample Data",{"_166":5121,"_5122":5123,"_1909":5124,"_5077":5125,"_5079":5126,"_5127":5128},"Enzyme Kinetics Equations","mm","v = (Vmax·[S]) / (Km + [S])","1/v = (Km/Vmax)·(1/[S]) + 1/Vmax","Competitive: apparent Km = Km(1 + [I]/Ki)","Non-competitive: apparent Vmax = Vmax/(1 + [I]/Ki)","kmDef","Km = substrate concentration at 1/2 Vmax",{"_1094":5130},"Enter values to calculate enzyme kinetics",{"_166":5132,"_200":5133,"_1260":1261,"_1262":5134,"_1264":5135,"_1266":5136,"_1268":5137,"_1126":1270,"_1128":5138,"_1130":5139,"_1132":5140},"About Enzyme Kinetics Calculator","Model enzyme-catalyzed reactions using Michaelis-Menten kinetics. This tool calculates reaction velocities, determines kinetic parameters from experimental data, and analyzes the effects of different inhibition types.","Vmax is the maximum reaction rate when enzyme is saturated with substrate","Km is the substrate concentration at half-maximum velocity","Low Km indicates high enzyme-substrate affinity","Lineweaver-Burk plots linearize kinetic data for parameter estimation","Biochemistry research and enzyme characterization","Drug design and inhibitor studies","Metabolic pathway analysis","tools/epoch-converter",{"_166":5143,"_200":5144,"_136":5145,"_222":5152,"_1065":5159,"_1073":5164,"_2809":5167,"_989":5178},"Epoch Converter","Convert between Unix epoch timestamps and human-readable dates",{"_5146":5147,"_5148":5149,"_5150":5151},"unixStart","Unix Epoch Start","y2k","Y2K (2000-01-01)","currentTime","Current Time",{"_5153":5154,"_5155":5156,"_5157":5158},"currentTimestamp","Current Unix Timestamp","epochToDate","Epoch to Date","dateToEpoch","Date to Epoch",{"_762":5160,"_5161":5162,"_1640":1641,"_658":5163},"Unix Timestamp (seconds or milliseconds)","timestampPlaceholder","e.g., 1234567890","Time (optional)",{"_5165":5166},"useCurrent","Use Current Date & Time",{"_5168":5169,"_5170":5171,"_5172":5173,"_5174":5175,"_2730":3861,"_5176":5177},"epochSeconds","Epoch Time (seconds)","iso8601","ISO 8601","localTime","Local Time","utc","UTC","milliseconds","Milliseconds",{"_166":5179,"_200":5180,"_1599":2573,"_1128":5181,"_1130":5182,"_1132":5183,"_1134":5184,"_1136":5185},"About Unix Epoch Time","Unix epoch time is the number of seconds that have elapsed since January 1, 1970 (midnight UTC/GMT), not counting leap seconds. This is a widely used time representation in computer systems.","Database timestamps","API responses and requests","File system metadata","Log files and debugging","Scheduling and cron jobs","tools/exif-data-remover",{"_166":5188,"_200":5189,"_1073":5190,"_1514":5196,"_2809":5209,"_4427":5220,"_989":5232},"EXIF Data Remover","Remove metadata from photos to protect privacy",{"_5191":5192,"_24":5193,"_5194":5195},"chooseImage","Choose Image","Download Cleaned Image","cleanAnother","Clean Another Image",{"_5197":5198,"_5199":5200,"_5201":5202,"_5203":5204,"_5205":5206,"_5207":5208},"privacyNote","Your image is processed locally - never uploaded to any server","processing","Removing EXIF data...","success","EXIF Data Removed Successfully!","successDesc","Your image has been cleaned of all metadata including location, camera info, and timestamps.","uploadPrompt","Upload an image to remove its EXIF data","uploadDesc","Protect your privacy by removing location and metadata",{"_5210":5211,"_5212":5213,"_5214":5215,"_5216":5217,"_5218":5219},"originalWithExif","Original (With EXIF)","cleanedNoExif","Cleaned (No EXIF)","containsMetadata","Contains metadata","metadataRemoved","Metadata removed","whatWasRemoved","What Was Removed:",{"_5221":5222,"_5223":5224,"_1640":5225,"_65":5226,"_5227":5228,"_285":5229,"_5230":5231},"gps","GPS location data (latitude, longitude, altitude)","camera","Camera make and model","Date and time photo was taken","Camera settings (ISO, aperture, shutter speed)","software","Software used to edit the photo","Copyright information","other","Any other embedded metadata",{"_166":5233,"_5234":5235,"_5236":5237,"_5238":5239,"_5240":5241,"_5242":5243,"_1705":5244,"_5245":5246,"_5247":5248,"_5249":5250,"_5251":5252,"_5253":5254,"_5255":5256,"_5257":5258,"_5259":5260,"_5261":5262,"_5263":5264,"_5265":5266,"_317":5267,"_5268":5269,"_5270":5271,"_5272":5273,"_5274":5275,"_5276":5277,"_5278":5279,"_5280":5281,"_5282":5283,"_5284":5285,"_5286":5287,"_5288":5289,"_5290":5291},"Understanding EXIF Data","whatIsExif","What is EXIF Data?","whatIsExifDesc","EXIF (Exchangeable Image File Format) is metadata embedded in photos by cameras and smartphones. This data can reveal sensitive information about when and where a photo was taken, as well as what device was used.","typesOfData","Types of Data Stored in EXIF","locationLabel","Location Data: ","locationDesc","GPS coordinates showing exactly where photo was taken","Date & Time: ","dateDesc","Timestamp of when photo was captured","cameraInfoLabel","Camera Info: ","cameraInfoDesc","Make, model, and serial number of device","settingsLabel","Camera Settings: ","settingsDesc","ISO, aperture, shutter speed, focal length","softwareLabel","Software: ","softwareDesc","Photo editing apps used","copyrightLabel","Copyright: ","copyrightDesc","Photographer and copyright information","whyRemove","Why Remove EXIF Data?","privacyLabel","Privacy Protection: ","Prevent revealing your home address or location","securityLabel","Security: ","securityDesc","Don't expose when you're away from home","anonymityLabel","Anonymity: ","anonymityDesc","Remove identifying information before posting online","professionalLabel","Professional: ","professionalDesc","Clean metadata before selling stock photos","whenToRemove","When to Remove EXIF","when1","Before posting photos on social media","when2","When selling items online (marketplace photos)","when3","Before sharing photos publicly","when4","When maintaining anonymity is important","when5","Before uploading to forums or websites","tools/fallback",{"_166":5294,"_200":5295,"_5296":5294,"_1094":5297},"Coming Soon","This tool will be available soon","comingSoon","We're working on this tool. Check back soon!","tools/favicon-generator",{"_166":5300,"_200":5301,"_136":5302,"_1065":5309,"_507":5324,"_5334":5335,"_989":5365},"Favicon Generator","Create favicons in multiple formats from text, emoji, or images",{"_5303":5304,"_5305":5306,"_5307":5308},"tooljarStyle","Tooljar Style","letterA","Letter A","lightBulb","Light Bulb",{"_5310":5311,"_1491":5312,"_5313":5314,"_5315":5316,"_5317":2479,"_5318":5319,"_5320":5321,"_5322":5323},"textOrEmoji","Text or Emoji","Enter text or emoji (e.g., 🛠️, A, @)","backgroundColor","Background Color","bgColorPlaceholder","#8B5CF6","textColor","textColorPlaceholder","#FFFFFF","fontSize","Font Size (%)","borderRadius","Border Radius (%)",{"_166":623,"_1096":5325,"_5326":5327,"_5328":5329,"_5330":5331,"_5332":5333},"Enter text or emoji to see preview","alt","Favicon preview","64pxPreview","64px preview","32pxPreview","32px preview","16pxPreview","16px preview","downloadFormats",{"_166":5336,"_5337":5338,"_5339":5340,"_5341":5342,"_5343":5344,"_5345":5346,"_5347":5348,"_5349":5350,"_5351":5352,"_5353":5354,"_5355":5356,"_5357":5358,"_5359":5360,"_5361":5362,"_5363":5364},"Download Formats","downloadRecommendedSet","⚡ Download Recommended Set (favicon.png + favicon.svg)","oneClickDownload","One-click download with correct filenames","orDownloadIndividually","or download individually","recommended","Recommended:","allSizes","All sizes:","32x32PNG","32×32 PNG ⭐","svg","SVG ⭐","32x32PNGButton","32×32 PNG","svgButton","SVG","16x16PNG","16×16 PNG","64x64PNG","64×64 PNG","128x128PNG","128×128 PNG","180x180PNG","180×180 PNG","256x256PNG","256×256 PNG",{"_166":5366,"_5367":5368,"_5369":5370,"_5371":5372,"_5373":5374,"_5375":5376,"_5377":5378,"_5379":5380,"_5381":5382,"_5383":5384,"_1275":1276,"_1004":5385,"_1006":5386,"_1008":5387,"_1467":5388},"How to Use Your Favicon","step1Title","1. Download Your Favicons","recommendedMinimalSetup","Recommended minimal setup:","rec32x32","32×32 PNG - Rename to favicon.png (most common)","recSVG","SVG - Rename to favicon.svg (modern browsers, scalable)","optionalBetterCoverage","Optional (for better coverage):","opt16x16","16×16 PNG - Rename to favicon.ico (legacy browsers)","opt180x180","180×180 PNG - Rename to apple-touch-icon.png (iOS home screen)","step2Title","2. Add to Your Website","step2Desc","Place files in your site's root or public directory and add these tags to your HTML head:","Use simple, bold designs that work at small sizes","Emoji work great for quick, recognizable icons","SVG is recommended for modern browsers (scalable & small file size)","Use high contrast colors for better visibility","tools/fraction-simplifier",{"_166":5391,"_200":5392,"_136":5393,"_1065":5402,"_57":5411,"_438":5422,"_989":5425},"Fraction Simplifier","Simplify fractions to their lowest terms and convert to decimals",{"_5394":5395,"_5396":5397,"_5398":5399,"_5400":5401},"fraction1","8/12","fraction2","15/25","fraction3","24/36","fraction4","100/150",{"_5403":5404,"_5405":5406,"_5407":5408,"_5409":5410},"numerator","Numerator (top number)","numeratorPlaceholder","Enter numerator","denominator","Denominator (bottom number)","denominatorPlaceholder","Enter denominator",{"_5412":5413,"_1428":5414,"_5415":5416,"_5417":5418,"_1406":5419,"_5420":5421},"alreadySimplified","Already in Simplest Form","Original Fraction","simplified","Simplified Form","dividedBy","Divided both by {{gcd}}","Decimal Value","mixedNumber","Mixed Number",{"_5423":5424},"divideByZero","Error: Cannot divide by zero",{"_166":5426,"_200":5427,"_5428":5429,"_1036":5430,"_1038":5431,"_1040":5432,"_2948":2949,"_4239":5433,"_2626":2627,"_5434":5435,"_5436":5437,"_5438":5439,"_5440":5441,"_5442":5443,"_5444":5445,"_5446":5447,"_5448":5449},"How to Simplify Fractions","Simplifying a fraction means reducing it to its lowest terms by dividing both the numerator and denominator by their Greatest Common Divisor (GCD).","stepsTitle","Steps to Simplify","Find the GCD of the numerator and denominator","Divide both numbers by the GCD","The result is the fraction in simplest form","To simplify 12/18: The GCD of 12 and 18 is 6. Divide both by 6: 12÷6 = 2 and 18÷6 = 3. Result: 2/3","simplestFormLabel","Simplest form: ","simplestFormDesc","When GCD = 1 (no common factors besides 1)","properLabel","Proper fraction: ","properDesc","Numerator < Denominator (e.g., 2/3)","improperLabel","Improper fraction: ","improperDesc","Numerator ≥ Denominator (e.g., 5/3)","mixedLabel","Mixed number: ","mixedDesc","Whole number plus fraction (e.g., 1 2/3)","tools/freelance-rate-calculator",{"_166":5452,"_200":5453,"_136":5454,"_1065":5460,"_57":5479,"_989":5498,"_1235":5522},"Freelance Rate Calculator","Calculate the right hourly rate for your freelance business based on income goals and expenses",{"_2770":5455,"_5456":5457,"_5458":5459},"Standard Freelancer","fullTime","Full-time Freelancer","partTime","Part-time Freelancer",{"_5461":5462,"_5463":5464,"_3857":5465,"_5466":5467,"_3896":5468,"_5469":5470,"_5471":5472,"_5473":5474,"_5475":5476,"_5477":5478},"income","Desired Annual Income ($)","incomeHelper","Your target take-home income","Billable Hours Per Week","hoursHelper","Hours you can actually bill to clients","Working Weeks Per Year","weeksHelper","Accounting for vacation and sick time (48 = 4 weeks off)","expenses","Annual Business Expenses ($)","expensesHelper","Software, equipment, insurance, etc.","taxRate","Tax Rate (%)","taxHelper","Estimated income tax rate",{"_5480":5481,"_5482":5483,"_5484":5485,"_5486":5487,"_5488":5489,"_5490":5491,"_5492":5493,"_5494":5495,"_5471":5496,"_4120":5497},"hourlyRate","Minimum Hourly Rate","dayRate","Day Rate (8 hours)","weekRate","Week Rate","monthRate","Month Rate","breakdown","Annual Breakdown","grossIncome","Gross Income Needed:","netIncome","Net Income (take-home):","taxes","Taxes:","Business Expenses:","Total Billable Hours/Year:",{"_166":5499,"_200":5500,"_1275":5501,"_5502":5503,"_5504":5505,"_5506":5507,"_5508":5509,"_5510":5511,"_5512":5513,"_5514":5515,"_5516":5517,"_5518":5519,"_5520":5521},"How to Use the Freelance Rate Calculator","This calculator helps you determine the minimum hourly rate you need to charge to meet your income goals while covering expenses and taxes. Remember that billable hours are different from working hours - you'll spend time on admin, marketing, and other non-billable tasks.","Tips for Setting Your Rate","billableLabel","Billable vs Total Hours: ","billableDesc","If you work 40 hours/week, only 25-30 may be billable","vacationLabel","Vacation Time: ","vacationDesc","48 weeks/year accounts for 4 weeks vacation","expensesLabel","Business Expenses: ","expensesDesc","Include software, equipment, insurance, office space","bufferLabel","Buffer: ","bufferDesc","Consider adding 10-20% buffer for unexpected costs","marketLabel","Market Rate: ","marketDesc","Research industry standards for your skillset",{"_509":5523},"Enter your details to calculate hourly rate","tools/friction-force-calculator",{"_166":5526,"_200":5527,"_1065":5528,"_369":5548,"_57":5555,"_5567":5568,"_1238":5572,"_1235":5579,"_989":5581},"Friction Force Calculator","Calculate static and kinetic friction forces with free body diagrams",{"_5054":5055,"_5529":1150,"_5530":5531,"_5532":5533,"_5534":5535,"_5536":5537,"_2824":1150,"_5538":5531,"_5539":5540,"_5541":5542,"_5543":5544,"_5545":5546,"_5547":2314},"massKg","normalForce","Normal Force (N)","frictionType","Friction Type","static","Static (μs)","kinetic","Kinetic (μk)","normalForceN","coefficient","Coefficient of Friction","appliedForce","Applied Force (N)","optional","(optional)","appliedForcePlaceholder","To check if object moves","gravity",{"_166":5549,"_1683":2325,"_1928":5550,"_5551":5552,"_5553":5554},"Free Body Diagram","Normal (N)","applied","Applied (F)","friction","Friction (f)",{"_5556":5557,"_5558":5559,"_5530":5560,"_5561":5562,"_5563":5564,"_5565":5566},"maxStaticFriction","Max Static Friction","kineticFriction","Kinetic Friction","Normal Force","willMove","Object Will Move","willNotMove","Object Will Not Move","appliedVsMax","Applied: {{applied}} N vs Max Static: {{max}} N","coefficients",{"_166":5569,"_5570":5571},"Common Friction Coefficients","materials","Materials",{"_166":1240,"_5553":5573,"_1928":5574,"_5575":5576,"_5577":5578},"f = μN (Friction = coefficient × Normal force)","N = mg (for horizontal surfaces)","staticMax","fs ≤ μsN (static friction has max value)","kineticConst","fk = μkN (kinetic friction is constant)",{"_1094":5580},"Enter valid values to calculate friction force",{"_166":5582,"_200":5583,"_1260":1261,"_1262":5584,"_1264":5585,"_1266":5586,"_1268":5587},"About Friction Force Calculator","Calculate the friction force between surfaces in contact. Static friction opposes the initiation of motion, while kinetic friction opposes ongoing motion.","Static friction is typically greater than kinetic friction","Friction force is proportional to the normal force","The coefficient depends on the materials in contact","Friction is independent of contact area for most surfaces","tools/gif-maker",{"_166":5590,"_200":5591,"_1073":5592,"_1065":5600,"_5611":5612,"_3153":5614,"_57":5617,"_1235":5635,"_438":5639,"_989":5646},"GIF Maker","Create animated GIFs from images",{"_5593":5594,"_5595":5596,"_24":5597,"_5598":5599},"addImages","Add Images","createGIF","Create GIF","Download GIF","createAnother","Create Another",{"_5601":5602,"_5603":5604,"_5605":5606,"_5607":5608,"_5609":5610},"uploadHint","Select multiple images (they'll become frames in your GIF)","frameDelayLabel","Frame Delay (ms)","loopLabel","Loop","loopForever","Loop Forever","playOnce","Play Once","frames",{"_166":5613},"Frames ({{count}})",{"_5615":5616},"creating","Creating your GIF...",{"_5618":5619,"_5203":5620,"_507":623,"_5621":5622,"_5623":5624,"_5625":5626,"_5627":5628,"_5629":5606,"_5607":5630,"_5631":5632,"_5633":5634},"successTitle","GIF Created!","Your animated GIF is ready","previewAlt","Generated GIF","settingsTitle","GIF Settings","framesCount","Frames: {{count}}","frameDelay","Frame Delay: {{ms}}ms","loop","Forever","loopOnce","Once","duration","Duration: ~{{seconds}}s",{"_166":5636,"_5637":5638},"Add images to create an animated GIF","desc","Upload 2 or more images to get started",{"_5640":5641,"_5642":5643,"_5644":5645},"minFrames","Please add at least 2 images to create a GIF","libraryNote","Note: For full GIF encoding, a library like gif.js would be needed. This preview shows the first frame.","failed","Failed to create GIF. Please try again.",{"_166":5647,"_5648":5649,"_1036":5650,"_1038":5651,"_1040":5652,"_1948":5653,"_2490":5654,"_5655":5656,"_5657":5658,"_5659":5660,"_5661":5662,"_1275":5663,"_1004":5664,"_1006":5665,"_1008":5666,"_1467":5667,"_3521":5668,"_1126":2573,"_1128":5669,"_1130":5670,"_1132":5671,"_1134":5672,"_1136":5673},"Creating Animated GIFs","howToTitle","How to Create a GIF","Upload 2 or more images that will become frames","Arrange frames in the order you want them to play","Set the frame delay (how long each frame displays)","Choose whether to loop forever or play once","Click \"Create GIF\" and download your animated GIF","delayGuideTitle","Frame Delay Guide","delay50","Very fast, smooth animation","delay200","Standard speed, good for most GIFs","delay1000","Slow, good for slideshows","Tips for Better GIFs","Use images with the same dimensions for best results","Keep file count reasonable (5-30 frames works well)","Shorter loops are easier to watch repeatedly","Test different frame delays to find the right speed","Compress large GIFs to reduce file size","Social media content and reactions","Product demonstrations and tutorials","Animated logos and banners","Stop-motion animations","Memes and creative content","tools/google-index-checker",{"_166":5676,"_200":5677,"_420":5678},"Google Index Checker","Check if Google can crawl and index your webpage. Analyzes robots.txt, meta tags, and SEO requirements.","Free tool to check if your webpage can be indexed by Google. Analyzes robots.txt blocking, meta robots tags, canonical URLs, and basic SEO requirements.","tools/gpa-calculator",{"_166":5681,"_200":5682,"_1065":5683,"_5686":5687,"_616":5695,"_110":5704,"_57":5709,"_5718":5719,"_989":5728},"GPA Calculator","Calculate your grade point average with support for multiple grading scales",{"_5684":5685},"gradingScale","Grading Scale","scales",{"_5688":5689,"_5690":5691,"_5692":5693,"_2128":5694},"4.0","4.0 Scale (Standard)","4.33","4.33 Scale (A+ = 4.33)","5.0","5.0 Scale (Weighted)","Percentage",{"_5696":5697,"_713":714,"_5698":5699,"_2799":5700,"_5701":5702,"_93":5703},"courseName","Course Name","grade","Grade","Points","course","Course","Select",{"_5705":5706,"_5707":5708},"addCourse","Add Course","clearAll","Clear All",{"_5710":5711,"_5712":5713,"_5714":5715,"_5716":5717},"yourGPA","Your GPA","gpa","GPA","totalCredits","Total Credits","qualityPoints","Quality Points","howTo",{"_166":5720,"_1036":5721,"_1038":5722,"_1040":5723,"_1948":5724,"_1867":2855,"_5725":5726,"_5716":5727},"How to Calculate GPA","Enter your course name (optional)","Enter the number of credits for each course","Select your grade for each course","Your GPA is calculated automatically","formulaText","GPA = Total Quality Points / Total Credits","Quality Points = Grade Points × Credits",{"_166":5729,"_200":5730,"_5731":5732,"_5733":5734,"_5735":5736,"_5737":5738,"_5739":5740},"About GPA Calculator","Calculate your cumulative grade point average using various grading scales commonly used in schools and universities.","scalesTitle","Grading Scales","scale1","4.0 Scale: Standard US grading (A = 4.0, B = 3.0, etc.)","scale2","4.33 Scale: Includes A+ (4.33) for exceptional performance","scale3","5.0 Scale: Weighted scale for honors/AP courses","scale4","Percentage: Converts percentage scores to 4.0 equivalent","tools/gradient-generator",{"_166":5743,"_200":5744,"_136":5745,"_2809":5754,"_63":5766,"_1073":5771,"_989":5776},"Gradient Generator","Create beautiful CSS gradients with live preview",{"_5746":5747,"_5748":5749,"_5750":5751,"_5752":5753},"purpleDream","Purple Dream","pinkSunset","Pink Sunset","oceanBlue","Ocean Blue","summerVibes","Summer Vibes",{"_5755":5756,"_5757":5758,"_1309":5759,"_5760":5761,"_5762":5763,"_5764":5765},"livePreview","Live Preview","gradientType","Gradient Type","Angle: {{angle}}°","colorStops","Color Stops","cssCode","CSS Code","fallbackColor","Fallback Color",{"_5767":5768,"_5769":5770},"linear","Linear Gradient","radial","Radial Gradient",{"_5772":5773,"_236":5774,"_5775":3228},"addColor","+ Add Color","🎲 Generate Random Gradient","copyCss",{"_166":5777,"_1523":5778,"_5779":5780,"_5781":5782,"_5783":5784,"_5785":5786,"_1275":5787,"_1004":5788,"_1006":5789,"_1008":5790,"_1467":5791,"_3521":5792,"_4241":2901,"_1128":5793,"_1130":5794,"_1132":5795,"_1134":5796,"_1136":5797},"Using CSS Gradients","Gradient Types","linearLabel","Linear Gradient:","linearDesc","Colors transition in a straight line at a specified angle. 0° = bottom to top, 90° = left to right.","radialLabel","Radial Gradient:","radialDesc","Colors radiate from a center point outward in a circular pattern.","Tips for Great Gradients","Use 2-4 colors for best results - too many can look muddy","Choose colors with similar brightness for smooth transitions","Try diagonal angles (45°, 135°) for dynamic backgrounds","Add a fallback solid color for older browsers","Test your gradient on different screen sizes","Website backgrounds and hero sections","Button and card backgrounds","Text backgrounds with gradient text effects","Loading screens and splash pages","Social media graphics and banners","tools/half-life-calculator",{"_166":5800,"_200":5801,"_1065":5802,"_57":5827,"_5837":5838,"_616":5843,"_1238":5849,"_1235":5864,"_989":5866},"Half-Life Calculator","Calculate radioactive decay, remaining amounts, and half-life values",{"_5803":5804,"_2300":5805,"_2179":2180,"_5806":5807,"_5808":5809,"_5810":5811,"_5812":5813,"_5814":5815,"_5816":3575,"_5817":5818,"_5819":5820,"_658":5811,"_2729":5821,"_5822":5823,"_5824":5821,"_2210":2210,"_5825":5826},"isotopePresets","Common Isotope Presets","Custom Value","remainingAmount","Remaining Amount","initialAmount","Initial Amount","timeElapsed","Time Elapsed","halfLife","Half-Life","n0","Initial Amount (N0)","n0Placeholder","nt","Remaining Amount N(t)","ntPlaceholder","e.g., 50","e.g., 5730","t12","Half-Life (t1/2)","t12Placeholder","timeHint","Use same units as half-life",{"_2756":5807,"_5828":5809,"_658":5811,"_5812":5813,"_5829":5830,"_5831":5832,"_5833":5834,"_5835":5836},"initial","decayConstant","Decay Constant","halfLivesElapsed","Half-Lives Elapsed","percentRemaining","% Remaining","percentDecayed","% Decayed","chart",{"_166":5839,"_5840":5841,"_5842":3992},"Decay Curve","xAxis","Time (half-lives)","yAxis",{"_166":5844,"_5845":5846,"_658":659,"_5847":3992,"_5848":5834},"Half-Life Progression","halfLives","Half-Lives","amount","percent",{"_166":3327,"_5850":5851,"_5852":5853,"_5854":5855,"_5856":5857,"_4715":5858,"_5817":5859,"_5814":5860,"_5822":5861,"_5862":5863},"f1","N(t) = N0 × (1/2)^(t/t1/2)","f2","N(t) = N0 × e^(-λt)","f3","λ = ln(2) / t1/2","f4","t = t1/2 × log2(N0/N(t))","Where","N(t) = amount remaining after time t","N0 = initial amount","t1/2 = half-life","lambda","λ = decay constant",{"_1094":5865},"Enter values to calculate half-life decay",{"_166":5867,"_200":5868,"_4790":1270,"_4791":5869,"_4793":5870,"_4795":5871,"_4797":5872},"About Half-Life Calculator","Calculate radioactive decay using the half-life formula. Half-life is the time required for half of the radioactive nuclei in a sample to decay.","Carbon-14 dating for archaeological samples","Medical imaging with radioactive tracers","Nuclear power and waste management","Pharmacology and drug metabolism","tools/handwriting-practice-sheet",{"_166":5875,"_200":5876,"_136":5877,"_1065":5888,"_5907":5908,"_5914":5915,"_5922":5923,"_1073":5929,"_5934":5935,"_989":5941},"Handwriting Practice Sheet","Generate printable handwriting worksheets for letters, words, and sentences",{"_1082":5878,"_5879":5880,"_2438":5881,"_5882":5883,"_5884":5885,"_5886":5887},"Alphabet","lettersText","A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z","Practice Name","nameText","Emma","sentence","Full Sentence","sentenceText","The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.",{"_1489":5889,"_1491":5890,"_5891":5892,"_5893":5894,"_5895":5896,"_5897":5898,"_5899":5900,"_5901":5902,"_5903":5904,"_5905":5906},"Text to Practice","Enter letters, words, or sentences...","styleLabel","Writing Style","lineStyleLabel","Line Style","fontSizeLabel","Letter Size","linesPerWordLabel","Practice Lines per Word","showGuideLabel","Show starting dot guides","showArrowsLabel","Show directional arrows","titleLabel","Worksheet Title (Optional)","titlePlaceholder","My Handwriting Practice","styles",{"_1714":5909,"_5910":5911,"_5912":5913},"Print (Manuscript)","cursive","Cursive","dnealian","D'Nealian","lineStyles",{"_5916":5917,"_5918":5919,"_5920":5921},"solid","Solid Lines","dashed","Dashed Lines","dotted","Dotted Lines","fontSizes",{"_5924":5925,"_5926":5927,"_3795":5928},"large","Large (Pre-K, K)","medium","Medium (1st-2nd Grade)","Small (3rd+ Grade)",{"_34":5930,"_1714":5931,"_5932":5933},"Generate Worksheet","Print Worksheet","regenerate","New Worksheet","worksheet",{"_2438":5936,"_1640":1706,"_5937":5938,"_5939":5940},"Name:","traceLine","Trace the letters:","copyLine","Copy below:",{"_166":5942,"_200":5943,"_3108":3109,"_3958":5944,"_3960":5945,"_3962":5946,"_3964":5947,"_1126":3454,"_1128":5948,"_1130":5949,"_1132":5950,"_1134":5951,"_1136":5952,"_1275":1276,"_1004":5953,"_1006":5954,"_1008":5955},"About Handwriting Practice Sheets","Create customized handwriting worksheets perfect for teaching letter formation, improving penmanship, or practicing new vocabulary words.","Multiple writing styles (print, cursive, D'Nealian)","Adjustable letter sizes for different ages","Optional guide dots and directional arrows","Customizable practice line count","Pre-K and Kindergarten letter learning","Elementary school penmanship practice","ESL/ELL handwriting instruction","Occupational therapy exercises","Homeschool curriculum support","Start with large letters for beginners","Use guide dots to show starting points","Practice 3-5 lines per letter for best results","tools/hardy-weinberg-calculator",{"_166":5958,"_200":5959,"_1065":5960,"_57":5977,"_5837":6000,"_136":6003,"_1238":6010,"_1235":6018,"_989":6020},"Hardy-Weinberg Calculator","Calculate allele and genotype frequencies with chi-square equilibrium testing",{"_5054":5055,"_5961":5962,"_5963":5964,"_5965":5966,"_5967":5968,"_5969":5970,"_5971":5972,"_5973":5974,"_5975":5976},"alleleFrequencies","Allele Frequencies","observedCounts","Observed Counts","dominantFreq","Dominant Allele Frequency (p)","populationSize","Population Size","freqHint","Value between 0 and 1 (q = 1 - p)","observedAA","Observed AA (Homozygous Dominant)","observedAa","Observed Aa (Heterozygous)","observedaa","Observed aa (Homozygous Recessive)",{"_5978":5979,"_5980":5981,"_5982":5983,"_5984":5985,"_5986":5987,"_2998":5988,"_3002":3001,"_3003":3004,"_3608":5989,"_5990":5991,"_5992":5993,"_5994":5995,"_5996":5997,"_5998":5999},"dominant","Dominant","recessive","Recessive","genotypeFreq","Genotype Frequencies","expectedCounts","Expected Counts","chiSquareTest","Chi-Square Test for Equilibrium","Chi-square (X²)","Critical Value (α=0.05)","inEquilibrium","Population IS in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.05, fail to reject H₀)","notInEquilibrium","Population is NOT in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p < 0.05, reject H₀)","additionalMetrics","Additional Metrics","totalAlleles","Total Alleles","heterozygosity","Heterozygosity",{"_166":5983,"_6001":6002,"_3023":3024,"_3021":3022},"frequency","Frequency",{"_6004":6005,"_6006":6007,"_6008":6009},"typical","Typical","deviation","Non-equilibrium","rareAllele","Rare Recessive",{"_166":6011,"_5850":6012,"_5852":6013,"_5854":6014,"_5856":6015,"_6016":6017},"Hardy-Weinberg Equations","p + q = 1 (allele frequencies)","p² + 2pq + q² = 1 (genotype frequencies)","p = freq(A), q = freq(a)","p² = freq(AA), 2pq = freq(Aa), q² = freq(aa)","f5","X² = Σ((O - E)² / E)",{"_1094":6019},"Enter values to calculate Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium",{"_166":6021,"_200":6022,"_3039":6023,"_3041":6024,"_3043":6025,"_3045":6026,"_6027":6028,"_6029":6030},"About Hardy-Weinberg Calculator","The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of evolutionary influences.","Hardy-Weinberg Assumptions","No mutation occurring","No gene flow (migration)","Random mating","assumption4","No natural selection","assumption5","Large population size","tools/hash-generator",{"_166":6033,"_200":6034,"_136":6035,"_2809":6041,"_1073":6045,"_989":6047},"Hash Generator","Generate cryptographic hashes for any text",{"_432":433,"_6036":432,"_1543":1544,"_1545":1546,"_6037":6038,"_6039":6040},"passwordText","quickFox","Quick Fox","quickFoxText","The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog",{"_6042":6043,"_2883":6044},"inputText","Input Text","Enter text to hash...",{"_34":6046,"_20":21},"Generate Hashes",{"_166":6048,"_200":6049,"_1599":2573,"_1128":6050,"_1130":6051,"_1132":6052,"_1134":6053,"_1136":6054,"_6055":6056},"About Hash Functions","Hash functions are cryptographic algorithms that convert input data into a fixed-size string of characters. The same input always produces the same hash, but it's virtually impossible to reverse the process.","Password storage and verification","File integrity checking","Digital signatures","Data deduplication","Checksum verification","securityNote","Note: MD5 and SHA-1 are no longer considered secure for cryptographic purposes. Use SHA-256 or SHA-512 for security-critical applications.","tools/heat-transfer-calculator",{"_166":6059,"_200":6060,"_1065":6061,"_1168":6097,"_1199":6103,"_2283":6105,"_57":6110,"_1238":6124,"_989":6130},"Heat Transfer Calculator","Calculate heat transfer through specific heat, conduction, and radiation",{"_1569":6062,"_2179":2180,"_6063":6064,"_6065":6066,"_6067":6068,"_6069":6070,"_2824":1150,"_6071":6072,"_6073":6074,"_6075":6076,"_6077":6078,"_6079":6080,"_6081":6082,"_6083":6084,"_6085":6086,"_6087":6088,"_6089":6090,"_6091":6092,"_6093":6094,"_6095":6096},"Heat Transfer Mode","heatQ","Heat (Q)","massM","Mass (m)","specificHeatC","Specific Heat (c)","deltaTOption","Temperature Change (ΔT)","specificHeat","Specific Heat (J/kg·K)","specificHeatHint","Water: 4186, Aluminum: 897","deltaT","Temp Change ΔT (K or °C)","heat","Heat (J)","conductivity","Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K)","conductivityHint","Copper: 401, Steel: 50","area","Area (m²)","thickness","Thickness (m)","tempDiff","Temp Difference (K)","emissivity","Emissivity (0-1)","surfaceArea","Surface Area (m²)","surfaceTemp","Surface Temp (K)","surroundingTemp","Surrounding Temp (K)",{"_6071":6098,"_6099":6100,"_6101":6102},"Specific Heat (Q = mcΔT)","conduction","Conduction","radiation","Radiation",{"_166":6104},"Heat Transfer Visualization",{"_6106":6107,"_6108":6109},"hot","Hot","cold","Cold",{"_6077":6111,"_2824":6112,"_6071":6072,"_6075":6113,"_6114":6115,"_6116":6117,"_6118":6119,"_6120":6121,"_6122":6123},"Heat","Mass","Temperature Change","heatRate","Heat Rate (Q/t)","thermalResistance","Thermal Resistance","netHeatRate","Net Heat Rate","emitting","Emitting Heat","absorbing","Absorbing Heat",{"_166":1240,"_6071":6125,"_6099":6126,"_6101":6127,"_6128":6129},"Specific Heat: Q = mcΔT","Conduction: Q/t = kA(ΔT)/d","Radiation: Q/t = εσA(T⁴ - T₀⁴)","stefanBoltzmann","σ = 5.67×10⁻⁸ W/(m²·K⁴)",{"_166":6131,"_200":6132,"_6133":6134,"_6135":6136,"_6137":6138,"_6139":6140},"About Heat Transfer Calculator","Calculate heat transfer using three fundamental mechanisms: specific heat capacity, thermal conduction, and thermal radiation.","modesTitle","Transfer Modes","mode1","Specific Heat: Heat required to change temperature of a substance","mode2","Conduction: Heat transfer through a solid material","mode3","Radiation: Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves","tools/height-converter",{"_166":6143,"_200":6144,"_136":6145,"_1065":6150,"_2809":6152,"_989":6161},"Height Converter","Convert height between meters, feet, and centimeters",{"_2000":6146,"_2002":6147,"_6148":6149},"Average Male (5'9\")","Average Female (5'4\")","tallPerson","Tall Person (6'7\")",{"_2830":6151},"Height in Meters",{"_6153":6154,"_6155":6156,"_6157":6158,"_6159":6160},"centimeters","Centimeters","feetInches","Feet and Inches","totalFeet","Total Feet","totalInches","Total Inches",{"_166":6162,"_6163":6164,"_6165":6166,"_6167":6168,"_6169":6170,"_6171":6172,"_6173":6174,"_6175":6176,"_6177":6178,"_6179":6180},"Height Measurement Systems","metricTitle","Metric System","metricDesc","The metric system uses meters and centimeters. Most countries worldwide use this system for measuring height. 1 meter = 100 centimeters.","imperialTitle","Imperial System","imperialDesc","The imperial system, primarily used in the United States, measures height in feet and inches. 1 foot = 12 inches. Heights are typically expressed as feet and inches (e.g., 5'9\").","formulasTitle","Conversion Formulas","formula1","Meters to Centimeters: multiply by 100","formula2","Meters to Feet: multiply by 3.28084","formula3","Meters to Inches: multiply by 39.3701","formula4","Feet to Meters: divide by 3.28084","tools/hmac-generator",{"_166":6183,"_200":6184,"_136":6185,"_1065":6192,"_6205":6206,"_6215":6216,"_1073":6219,"_57":6221,"_438":6227,"_989":6234},"HMAC Generator","Generate HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) signatures with various algorithms",{"_6186":6187,"_6188":6189,"_6190":6191},"api","API Signing","webhook","Webhook Verification","jwt","JWT Secret",{"_6193":6194,"_6195":6196,"_6197":6198,"_6199":6200,"_6201":6202,"_6203":6204},"messageLabel","Message","messagePlaceholder","Enter the message to sign...","keyLabel","Secret Key","keyPlaceholder","Enter your secret key...","algorithmLabel","Algorithm","encodingLabel","Output Encoding","algorithms",{"_6207":6208,"_6209":6210,"_6211":6212,"_6213":6214},"sha256","SHA-256 (recommended)","sha384","SHA-384","sha512","SHA-512","sha1","SHA-1 (legacy)","encodings",{"_3261":6217,"_1595":6218},"Hexadecimal","Base64",{"_34":6220,"_20":21,"_36":5708},"Generate HMAC",{"_166":6222,"_6223":6202,"_6224":6225,"_2817":6226},"HMAC Signature","algorithm","encoding","Encoding","Length",{"_6228":6229,"_6230":6231,"_6232":6233},"noMessage","Please enter a message","noKey","Please enter a secret key","cryptoUnavailable","Web Crypto API not available in this browser",{"_166":6235,"_200":6236,"_1126":2573,"_1128":6237,"_1130":6238,"_1132":6239,"_1134":6240,"_1136":6241,"_6242":6243,"_6244":6245,"_6246":6247,"_6248":6249,"_6250":6251,"_6252":6253,"_6254":6255,"_6256":6257},"About HMAC Generator","HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) is a specific type of MAC involving a cryptographic hash function and a secret key. It's used to verify both the data integrity and authenticity of a message.","API request signing (AWS, Stripe, GitHub)","Webhook payload verification","JWT token signatures","Secure session tokens","Message authentication in protocols","algorithmsTitle","Algorithm Recommendations","alg1","SHA-256: Most commonly used, good balance of security and performance","alg2","SHA-384/512: Higher security for sensitive applications","alg3","SHA-1: Legacy only, not recommended for new implementations","securityTitle","Security Notes","security1","Never expose your secret key in client-side code","security2","Use cryptographically random keys of sufficient length","security3","This tool processes data locally in your browser","tools/html-css-js-minifier",{"_166":6260,"_200":6261,"_2809":6262,"_1073":6270,"_6279":6280,"_1201":6287,"_569":6291,"_438":6296,"_136":6303,"_989":6309},"HTML/CSS/JS Minifier","Minify and compress HTML, CSS, and JavaScript code",{"_6263":6264,"_6265":6266,"_2883":6267,"_6268":6269},"codeType","Code Type","originalCode","Original Code","Paste your {{type}} code here...","minifiedCode","Minified Code",{"_6271":6272,"_6273":6274,"_6275":6276,"_6277":6278},"loadExample","Load Example","minify","Minify Code","minifying","Minifying...","copyCode","Copy Code","codeOptions",{"_6281":6282,"_6283":6284,"_6285":6286},"html","HTML","css","CSS","js","JavaScript",{"_6288":6289,"_5848":6290},"bytes","B","%",{"_1428":4434,"_6292":6293,"_6294":6295,"_5001":5002},"minified","Minified","saved","Saved",{"_6297":6298,"_6299":6300,"_6301":6302},"enterCode","Please enter some code to minify","minificationFailed","Failed to minify code. Please check your syntax and try again.","minificationError","Minification failed",{"_6304":6305,"_6306":1544,"_6307":6308},"htmlTitle","Example Page","htmlHeading","htmlParagraph","This is an example HTML document.",{"_166":6310,"_1102":6311,"_1104":6312,"_6313":6314,"_6315":6316,"_6317":6318,"_6319":6320,"_6321":6322,"_6323":6324,"_6325":6326,"_6327":6328,"_6329":6330,"_6331":6332,"_6333":6334,"_6335":6336,"_2528":2529,"_2530":6337,"_2532":6338,"_2534":6339,"_2536":6340,"_2538":6341},"About Code Minification","What is Minification?","Minification is the process of removing unnecessary characters from code without changing its functionality. This includes removing whitespace, comments, and shortening variable names in JavaScript.","benefitsTitle","Benefits","benefit1","Reduced file size for faster downloads","benefit2","Improved page load times","benefit3","Lower bandwidth usage","benefit4","Better website performance","benefit5","Improved SEO rankings","removedTitle","What Gets Removed?","removed1","Whitespace and line breaks","removed2","Comments","removed3","Block delimiters (when possible)","removed4","Unnecessary semicolons","removed5","Variable name shortening (JS only)","Always keep original files for development","Minify code as part of your build process","Test minified code before deploying","Use source maps for debugging minified code","Combine with gzip compression for maximum savings","tools/html-to-markdown-converter",{"_166":6344,"_200":6345,"_1073":6346,"_2809":6350,"_136":6357,"_989":6373},"HTML to Markdown Converter","Convert HTML code to Markdown format",{"_6271":6272,"_32":6347,"_6348":6349},"Convert to Markdown","copyMarkdown","Copy Markdown",{"_6351":6352,"_6353":6354,"_6355":6356,"_507":623},"htmlInput","HTML Input","htmlPlaceholder","Paste your HTML here...","markdownOutput","Markdown Output",{"_509":6358,"_6359":6360,"_3665":6359,"_6361":6362,"_6363":6364,"_6365":3109,"_3958":6366,"_3960":6367,"_3962":6368,"_6369":6370,"_6371":6372},"Welcome to Tooljar","paragraph","This is a","emphasis","with","emphasisText","some formatting","featuresHeading","Convert HTML to Markdown","Preserve formatting","Easy to use","codeHeading","Code Example","visitText","Visit our",{"_166":6374,"_6375":6376,"_6377":6378,"_6379":6380,"_6381":6382,"_6383":6384,"_6385":6386,"_6387":6388,"_6389":6390,"_6391":6392,"_6393":6394,"_6395":6396,"_6397":6398,"_6399":6400,"_1599":2573,"_1128":6401,"_1130":6402,"_1132":6403,"_1134":6404,"_1136":6405},"About HTML to Markdown Conversion","whatIsMarkdown","What is Markdown?","markdownDesc","Markdown is a lightweight markup language that uses plain text formatting syntax. It's widely used for documentation, README files, and content management systems.","supportedTitle","Supported Conversions","conv1","Headers (h1-h6) → # Markdown headers","conv2","Bold/Strong → **text**","conv3","Italic/Emphasis → *text*","conv4","Links → [text](url)","conv5","Images → ![alt](url)","conv6","Code blocks → ```code```","conv7","Inline code → `code`","conv8","Lists (ul/ol) → - item or 1. item","conv9","Blockquotes → > quote","conv10","Horizontal rules → ---","Converting blog posts to Markdown","Creating README files from HTML documentation","Migrating content to static site generators","Simplifying HTML for easier editing","Preparing content for GitHub or GitLab","tools/ideal-gas-law-calculator",{"_166":6408,"_200":6409,"_1065":6410,"_5837":6426,"_57":6434,"_361":6436,"_1238":6442,"_1235":6446,"_989":6448},"Ideal Gas Law Calculator","Calculate pressure, volume, moles, or temperature using PV = nRT",{"_2179":2180,"_6411":6412,"_6413":6414,"_6415":6416,"_6417":6418,"_6419":6420,"_6421":6422,"_6423":6416,"_6424":6425,"_2210":2210},"pressureP","Pressure (P)","volumeV","Volume (V)","molesN","Moles (n)","temperatureT","Temperature (T)","pressure","Pressure","volume","Volume","moles","temperature","Temperature",{"_166":6427,"_6428":6429,"_6430":6431,"_6432":6433},"P-V Diagram","volumeL","Volume (L)","pressureKPa","Pressure (kPa)","enterValues","Enter values to see P-V diagram",{"_6419":6420,"_6421":6422,"_6423":6435,"_6424":6425},"Moles",{"_166":6437,"_6438":6439,"_6440":6441},"Standard Conditions","stpTitle","STP (IUPAC)","molarVolume","Molar Volume at STP",{"_166":6443,"_2911":6444,"_200":6445},"Ideal Gas Law","PV = nRT","Valid for ideal gases at moderate temperatures and pressures.",{"_1094":6447},"Enter values for the three known variables",{"_166":6449,"_200":6450,"_6451":6452,"_6453":6454,"_6455":6456,"_6457":6458,"_6459":6460,"_6461":6462},"About Ideal Gas Law Calculator","The ideal gas law relates pressure, volume, temperature, and amount of gas. It provides accurate results for gases at moderate temperatures and pressures.","variablesTitle","Variables","var1","P = Pressure (Pa, kPa, or atm)","var2","V = Volume (m³ or L)","var3","n = Amount of gas (mol)","var4","R = Gas constant (8.314 J/(mol·K))","var5","T = Absolute temperature (K)","tools/image-color-picker",{"_166":6465,"_200":6466,"_1073":6467,"_2809":6474,"_989":6479},"Image Color Picker","Extract colors from images with an eyedropper tool",{"_6468":6469,"_6470":6471,"_24":25,"_6472":6473},"uploadImage","Upload Image","addToPalette","Add to Palette","uploadDifferent","Upload Different Image",{"_6475":6476,"_6477":6478},"clickToPick","Click anywhere on the image to pick a color","colorPalette","Color Palette ({{count}})",{"_166":6480,"_5648":225,"_6481":6482,"_6483":6484,"_6485":6486,"_6487":6488,"_6489":6490,"_6491":6492,"_6493":6494,"_6495":6496,"_6497":6498,"_6499":6500,"_1126":2573,"_1128":6501,"_1130":6502,"_1132":6503,"_1134":6504,"_1136":6505},"Using the Color Picker","how1","Upload an image from your device","how2","Move your mouse over the image to see the magnifier","how3","Click on any pixel to extract its color","how4","Add colors to your palette for later use","how5","Copy color codes in HEX, RGB, or HSL format","how6","Download your color palette as a text file","formatsTitle","Color Formats","format1","HEX: Hexadecimal format (#RRGGBB) - Most common in web design","format2","RGB: Red, Green, Blue values (0-255) - Used in CSS and graphics","format3","HSL: Hue, Saturation, Lightness - Intuitive for color adjustments","Extract brand colors from logos","Create color palettes from photos","Match colors for design projects","Find exact color codes from screenshots","Build cohesive color schemes","tools/image-compressor",{"_166":6508,"_200":6509,"_1073":6510,"_2809":6514,"_569":6527,"_1235":6529,"_989":6532},"Image Compressor","Compress images to reduce file size while maintaining quality",{"_6468":6469,"_24":6511,"_6512":6513},"Download Compressed","uploadNew","Upload New Image",{"_6515":6516,"_6517":6518,"_6519":6520,"_6521":6522,"_1428":4434,"_6523":6524,"_6525":6526},"supportedFormats","Supported formats: JPG, PNG, WebP, GIF","quality","Compression Quality: {{quality}}%","smaller","Smaller file (lower quality)","larger","Larger file (higher quality)","compressed","Compressed","percentSmaller","{{percent}}% smaller",{"_1428":4434,"_6523":6524,"_4624":6528},"Savings",{"_166":6530,"_307":6531},"Upload an image to compress","Reduce file size for faster loading and storage",{"_166":6533,"_226":227,"_2941":6534,"_6535":6536,"_6537":6538,"_6539":6540,"_6541":6542,"_6543":6544,"_6313":6314,"_6315":6545,"_6317":6546,"_6319":6547,"_6321":6548,"_6323":6324,"_1275":1276,"_1004":6549,"_1006":6550,"_1008":6551,"_1467":6552},"About Image Compression","This tool compresses images by re-encoding them as JPEG files with adjustable quality. Lower quality settings produce smaller files but may reduce image clarity. Find the sweet spot between file size and visual quality for your needs.","qualityTitle","Recommended Quality Settings","quality1","90-100%: Minimal compression, excellent quality - for professional photography","quality2","80-90%: Good balance - recommended for most web images","quality3","60-80%: Noticeable compression - good for thumbnails and previews","quality4","Below 60%: Heavy compression - only for very small display sizes","Faster website loading times","Reduced bandwidth usage","Lower storage costs","Better mobile experience","Start with 80% quality and adjust as needed","Compare original and compressed images side-by-side","Use higher quality for images with text or fine details","Consider WebP format for even better compression (convert separately)","tools/image-cropper",{"_166":6555,"_200":6556,"_1073":6557,"_2809":6563,"_6573":6574,"_1235":6585,"_989":6588},"Image Cropper","Crop images with customizable aspect ratios",{"_6468":6469,"_6558":6559,"_24":6560,"_6561":6562},"cropImage","Crop Image","Download Cropped","cropAnother","Crop Another Image",{"_1404":1405,"_6564":6565,"_6566":6567,"_1687":6568,"_6569":6570,"_6571":6572},"clickAndDrag","Click and drag to select the area you want to crop","croppedImage","Cropped Image","Dimensions: {{width}} × {{height}} px","imageToCrop","To crop","croppedResult","Cropped result","ratios",{"_6575":6576,"_6577":1369,"_6578":6579,"_2770":6580,"_6581":6582,"_6583":6584},"free","Free (No Constraint)","square","widescreen","16:9 (Widescreen)","4:3 (Standard)","photo","3:2 (Photo)","vertical","9:16 (Vertical)",{"_166":6586,"_307":6587},"Upload an image to crop","Select custom aspect ratios or freeform cropping",{"_166":6589,"_5648":6590,"_6481":6591,"_6483":6592,"_6485":6593,"_6487":6594,"_6489":6595,"_6491":6596,"_6597":6598,"_6599":6600,"_6601":6602,"_6603":6604,"_6605":6606,"_6607":6608,"_6609":6610,"_1126":2573,"_1128":6611,"_1130":6612,"_1132":6613,"_1134":6614,"_1136":6615},"Using the Image Cropper","How to Crop","Upload your image","Select an aspect ratio or use freeform","Click and drag to select the area to keep","Adjust the selection by dragging again","Click \"Crop Image\" to apply","Download your cropped image","ratiosTitle","Aspect Ratios","ratio1","1:1 (Square): Perfect for profile pictures and Instagram posts","ratio2","16:9 (Widescreen): Standard for YouTube thumbnails and video content","ratio3","4:3 (Standard): Traditional photo format","ratio4","3:2 (Photo): Common DSLR camera ratio","ratio5","9:16 (Vertical): Ideal for Instagram Stories and TikTok","ratio6","Free: Crop to any size without constraints","Prepare images for social media posts","Create profile pictures and avatars","Remove unwanted parts of photos","Resize images for specific dimensions","Focus on specific subjects in photos","tools/image-dimension-finder",{"_166":6618,"_200":6619,"_1073":6620,"_2809":6623,"_1235":6636,"_989":6639},"Image Dimension Finder","Get detailed information about your image dimensions and properties",{"_6468":6469,"_6621":6622},"checkAnother","Check Another Image",{"_1400":1401,"_1402":1403,"_1404":1405,"_6624":6625,"_6626":6627,"_6628":6629,"_6630":6631,"_6632":6633,"_6634":6635},"fileSize","File Size","format","Format","megapixels","Megapixels","suitability","Suitability for Common Uses","suitable","✓ Suitable","tooSmall","✗ Too Small",{"_166":6637,"_307":6638},"Upload an image to find its dimensions","Get width, height, aspect ratio, and more",{"_166":6640,"_6641":6642,"_6643":6644,"_6597":1435,"_6599":6645,"_6601":6646,"_6603":6647,"_6605":6648,"_6607":6649,"_6650":6651,"_6652":6653,"_6654":6655,"_6656":6657,"_6658":6659},"Understanding Image Dimensions","megapixelsTitle","What Are Megapixels?","megapixelsDesc","Megapixels (MP) represent the total number of pixels in an image, calculated by multiplying width × height. More megapixels generally mean higher resolution and the ability to print at larger sizes.","16:9 - Standard widescreen (YouTube, most monitors)","4:3 - Traditional display format","3:2 - Common DSLR camera format","1:1 - Square (Instagram)","9:16 - Vertical video (TikTok, Instagram Stories)","guidelinesTitle","Resolution Guidelines","guide1","Web: 72-96 DPI is sufficient","guide2","Print: 300 DPI recommended for high quality","guide3","Large Prints: 12+ MP recommended","guide4","Social Media: Each platform has specific requirements","tools/image-extractor",{"_166":6662,"_200":6663,"_1065":6664,"_1073":6669,"_136":6676,"_57":6685,"_1514":6693,"_438":6702,"_989":6712},"Image Extractor","Extract and download all images from any webpage",{"_6665":6666,"_6667":6668},"webpageUrl","Webpage URL","urlPlaceholder","https://example.com",{"_6670":6671,"_6672":6673,"_24":25,"_6674":6675},"extractImages","Extract Images","extractingImages","Extracting Images...","open","Open",{"_6677":6678,"_6679":6680,"_6681":6682,"_6683":6684},"try","Try:","unsplash","Unsplash","nasaImages","NASA Images","pexels","Pexels",{"_6686":6687,"_6688":6689,"_1687":6690,"_6691":6692},"foundImages","Found {{count}} Image","foundImages_other","Found {{count}} Images","{{width}} × {{height}}","imageAlt","Image {{number}}",{"_6694":6695,"_6696":6697,"_6698":6699,"_6700":6701},"extractingTitle","Extracting images...","extractingDesc","This may take a few moments","enterUrl","Enter a URL to extract images","findImages","We'll find all images on the page for you",{"_6698":6703,"_104":105,"_6704":6705,"_6706":6707,"_6708":6709,"_6710":6711},"Please enter a URL","extractionFailed","Failed to extract images from the URL","noImages","No images found on this page","blockingAccess","Failed to extract images. The page may be blocking access or no images were found.","downloadFailed","Failed to download image. You may need to open it in a new tab instead.",{"_166":6713,"_2940":227,"_2941":6714,"_6715":6716,"_6717":6718,"_6719":6720,"_6721":6722,"_6723":6724,"_6725":6726,"_6727":2573,"_1128":6728,"_1130":6729,"_1132":6730,"_1134":6731,"_1136":6732,"_6733":6734,"_4092":6735,"_4094":6736,"_4096":6737,"_6738":6739},"About Image Extraction","This tool fetches the webpage and extracts all image URLs found in the HTML. It can find images in standard img tags, background images, and other common formats.","whatImagesTitle","What Images Are Found?","imageType1","Images in tags","imageType2","Background images from CSS","imageType3","Picture elements and srcset images","imageType4","Open Graph images (social media previews)","imageType5","Favicon and app icons","commonUsesTitle","Download product images from online stores","Save photos from blog posts and articles","Extract images for research or inspiration","Backup images from websites","Find high-resolution versions of images","importantNotesTitle","Important Notes","Some websites may block image extraction","Respect copyright and terms of use","Not all images may be accessible","note4","Large pages may take longer to process","tools/image-resizer",{"_166":6742,"_200":6743,"_1073":6744,"_6748":6749,"_1065":6790,"_2809":6805,"_1168":6811,"_3072":6816,"_1235":6829,"_55":6832,"_989":6836},"Image Resizer","Resize images to any dimensions",{"_5191":5192,"_1354":6745,"_6746":6747,"_24":25},"Resize Image","resizing","Resizing...","toast",{"_6750":6751,"_6752":6753,"_6754":6755,"_6756":6757,"_6758":6759,"_6760":6761,"_6762":6763,"_6764":6765,"_6766":6767,"_6768":6769,"_6770":6771,"_6772":6773,"_6774":6775,"_6776":6777,"_6778":6779,"_6780":6781,"_6782":6783,"_6784":6785,"_6786":6787,"_6788":6789},"invalidFile","Invalid file type","invalidFileDesc","Please select an image file (PNG, JPG, GIF, etc.)","imageLoaded","Image loaded","imageLoadedDesc","{{width}} × {{height}} pixels - ready to resize","loadError","Failed to load image","loadErrorDesc","The image could not be loaded. Please try a different file.","readError","Failed to read file","readErrorDesc","Could not read the file. Please try again.","noImage","No image selected","noImageDesc","Please choose an image first before resizing.","canvasError","Canvas error","canvasErrorDesc","Could not create canvas context. Try refreshing the page.","resizeSuccess","Image resized!","resizeSuccessDesc","New size: {{width}} × {{height}} pixels","resizeError","Resize failed","resizeErrorDesc","Something went wrong. Please try again.","noResized","No resized image","noResizedDesc","Please resize an image first before downloading.","downloadStarted","Download started","downloadStartedDesc","Your resized image is downloading.",{"_6791":6792,"_6793":6794,"_6795":6796,"_6797":6798,"_6799":6800,"_6801":6802,"_6803":6804},"resizeMode","Resize Mode","widthLabel","Width (px)","heightLabel","Height (px)","percentageLabel","Scale Percentage","percentageHelper","100% = original size","presetLabel","Preset Size","maintainAspect","Maintain aspect ratio",{"_6806":6807,"_6808":6809,"_1687":6810},"originalImage","Original Image","resizedImage","Resized Image","{{width}} × {{height}} pixels",{"_6812":6813,"_2128":5694,"_6814":6815},"pixels","Custom Pixels","preset","Preset Sizes",{"_1345":6817,"_6818":6819,"_6820":6821,"_6822":6823,"_6824":6825,"_1349":6826,"_6827":6828},"Full HD (1920×1080)","hd","HD (1280×720)","svga","SVGA (800×600)","xga","XGA (1024×768)","vga","VGA (640×480)","Instagram Square (1080×1080)","instagramStory","Instagram Story (1080×1920)",{"_509":6830,"_3367":6831},"Select an image to get started","Supports PNG, JPG, GIF, and other image formats",{"_1235":6833},{"_509":6834,"_3367":6835},"Resized image will appear here","Upload an image and click resize",{"_166":6837,"_6133":6838,"_6839":6813,"_6840":6841,"_2128":5694,"_6842":6843,"_6814":6815,"_6844":6845,"_1275":1276,"_1004":6846,"_1006":6847,"_1008":6848,"_1467":6849},"How to Resize Images","Resize Modes","customPixels","customPixelsDesc","Set exact width and height in pixels","percentageDesc","Scale by a percentage (50% = half size, 200% = double)","presetDesc","Common sizes for web, social media, and displays","Keep aspect ratio checked to avoid distortion","Use preset sizes for social media posts","Smaller images load faster on websites","PNG format preserves quality but has larger file size","tools/image-to-pdf",{"_166":6852,"_200":6853,"_1073":6854,"_6858":6859,"_6863":6864,"_63":6866,"_315":6871,"_438":6874,"_989":6879},"Image to PDF","Convert images to PDF document",{"_5615":6855,"_6856":6857,"_36":5708},"Creating PDF...","create","Create PDF ({{count}} images)","upload",{"_6860":6861,"_3259":6862},"prompt","Click to select images","JPG, PNG, WebP, GIF supported","list",{"_166":6865},"Images ({{count}})",{"_6867":6868,"_6869":6870},"pageSize","Page Size","fit","Fit to Image",{"_166":6872,"_1094":6873},"Privacy:","All processing happens in your browser. Your files are never uploaded to any server.",{"_6875":6876,"_6706":6877,"_5644":6878},"notImage","{{name}} is not an image file","Please add at least one image","Failed to create PDF. Please try again.",{"_166":6880,"_6881":6882,"_6883":6884,"_6885":6886,"_6887":6888,"_6889":6890,"_1275":1276,"_1004":6891,"_1006":6892,"_1008":6893},"Page Size Options","sizesTitle","Page Sizes","fitTitle","Fit to Image:","fitDesc","Each page matches the image dimensions","a4Desc","Standard paper size (210×297mm)","letterDesc","US paper size (8.5×11 inches)","Drag and drop reordering: use arrows on hover","Each image becomes one PDF page","Images are centered on A4/Letter pages","tools/inclined-plane-calculator",{"_166":6896,"_200":6897,"_1065":6898,"_369":6901,"_563":6904,"_57":6913,"_2355":6923,"_1238":6931,"_1235":6938,"_989":6940},"Inclined Plane Calculator","Calculate forces on an object on an inclined plane with friction",{"_2824":1150,"_1309":6899,"_5553":6900,"_5547":2314},"Angle (degrees)","Friction Coefficient (μ)",{"_166":2323,"_1683":2325,"_1928":5550,"_6902":6903,"_5553":5554},"parallel","Parallel (W∥)",{"_6905":6906,"_6907":6908,"_6909":6910,"_6911":6912},"willSlide","Object Will Slide","willNotSlide","Object Will Not Slide","accelerationMsg","Acceleration: {{acceleration}} m/s² down the plane","staticMsg","Static friction is sufficient to hold the object",{"_6914":6915,"_1683":6916,"_1928":5560,"_5553":6917,"_6918":6919,"_6902":6920,"_6921":6922},"forcesTitle","Forces","Weight (mg)","Friction Force","componentsTitle","Weight Components","Parallel (mg sin θ)","perpendicular","Perpendicular (mg cos θ)",{"_166":2356,"_5556":5557,"_6924":6925,"_2353":6926,"_6927":6928,"_6929":6930},"forceToSlide","Force trying to slide","Net Force (parallel)","criticalAngle","Critical angle for","minFriction","Min μ for",{"_166":1240,"_5850":6932,"_5852":6933,"_5854":6934,"_5856":6935,"_6016":6936,"_200":6937},"Weight parallel: W∥ = mg sin θ","Weight perpendicular: W⊥ = mg cos θ","Normal force: N = mg cos θ","Friction force: f = μN","Critical angle: θc = arctan(μ)","Object slides when mg sin θ > μ mg cos θ, i.e., when tan θ > μ",{"_1094":6939},"Enter valid values to calculate forces",{"_166":6941,"_200":6942},"About Inclined Plane Calculator","Analyze forces on an object resting on or sliding down an inclined surface. The calculator determines whether the object will slide based on the angle and friction coefficient.","tools/inflation-calculator",{"_166":6945,"_200":6946,"_1065":6947,"_1168":6953,"_1073":6958,"_57":6960,"_5837":6975,"_136":6978,"_989":6986,"_1235":7011},"Inflation Calculator","Calculate purchasing power changes and inflation-adjusted values over time",{"_3991":6948,"_6949":6950,"_6951":6952,"_1145":31},"Amount ($)","startYearLabel","Starting Year","endYearLabel","Ending Year",{"_6954":6955,"_6956":6957},"forward","Future Value (What would it cost today?)","backward","Past Value (What was it worth?)",{"_30":6959},"Calculate Inflation",{"_166":6961,"_6962":6963,"_6964":6965,"_6966":6967,"_6968":6969,"_6970":6971,"_1044":6972,"_6973":6974},"Inflation Results","originalAmount","Original Amount","adjustedAmount","Adjusted Amount","totalInflation","Total Inflation","avgAnnualRate","Avg. Annual Rate","purchasingPower","Purchasing Power Change","{startAmount} in {startYear} has the same purchasing power as {endAmount} in {endYear}","cumulativeInflation","Cumulative Inflation",{"_166":6976,"_4812":6977},"Inflation Over Time","Value ($)",{"_166":6979,"_6980":6981,"_6982":6983,"_6984":6985},"Quick Examples","100in1990","$100 in 1990","1000in2000","$1,000 in 2000","50000in1980","$50,000 in 1980",{"_166":6987,"_200":6988,"_1102":6989,"_6990":6991,"_2940":227,"_6992":6993,"_6994":6995,"_6996":6997,"_6998":6999,"_1028":7000,"_1030":7001,"_1889":7002,"_7003":7004,"_7005":7006,"_7007":7008,"_7009":7010},"About Inflation Calculator","This calculator uses historical U.S. Consumer Price Index (CPI) data to show how the purchasing power of money changes over time due to inflation.","What is Inflation?","whatIs","Inflation is the rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services rises, causing purchasing power to fall. A dollar today buys less than a dollar did in the past.","howItWorks1","Uses official CPI-U (Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers) data","howItWorks2","Data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics","howItWorks3","Calculates real purchasing power, not just numerical changes","examplesTitle","Real-World Impact","A movie ticket that cost $4.25 in 1990 would cost about $10 today","A $25,000 salary in 1980 has the buying power of $90,000+ today","Gas at $1.00/gallon in 1990 equals about $2.30 today (not counting market changes)","limitationsTitle","Limitations","limitation1","CPI is an average and may not reflect your personal spending","limitation2","Some categories (healthcare, education) inflate faster than average","limitation3","Regional costs can vary significantly from national averages",{"_509":7012},"Enter amount and year to calculate inflation","tools/invoice-generator",{"_166":7015,"_200":7016,"_136":7017,"_1065":7052,"_363":7067,"_989":7092},"Invoice Generator","Create professional invoices with automatic calculations",{"_7018":7019,"_7020":7021,"_7022":7023,"_7024":7025,"_7026":7027,"_7028":7029,"_7030":7031,"_7032":7033,"_7034":7035,"_7036":7037,"_7038":7039,"_7040":7041,"_7042":7043,"_7044":7045,"_7046":7047,"_7048":7049,"_7050":7051},"freelanceDesign","Freelance Design Work","freelanceDesignCompany","Creative Studios","freelanceDesignClient","Tech Startup Inc","freelanceDesignItem1","Logo Design","freelanceDesignItem2","Brand Guidelines","freelanceDesignItem3","Website Mockups","softwareDevelopment","Software Development","softwareDevelopmentCompany","DevCorp Solutions","softwareDevelopmentClient","Enterprise Client LLC","softwareDevelopmentItem1","Custom CRM Development","softwareDevelopmentItem2","API Integration","softwareDevelopmentItem3","Testing & QA","consultingServices","Consulting Services","consultingServicesCompany","Strategic Advisors","consultingServicesClient","Growth Business Co","consultingServicesItem1","Business Strategy Consulting","consultingServicesItem2","Market Analysis Report",{"_7053":7054,"_7055":7056,"_7057":7058,"_7059":7060,"_7061":7062,"_7063":7064,"_7065":7066,"_5475":5476},"companyName","Your Company Name","companyPlaceholder","Acme Corp","clientName","Client Name","clientPlaceholder","Client Company","invoiceNumber","Invoice Number","invoiceNumberPlaceholder","INV-001","invoiceDate","Invoice Date",{"_7068":7069,"_1426":7070,"_7071":7072,"_7061":7073,"_7074":7075,"_1640":1706,"_7076":7077,"_7078":7079,"_7057":7080,"_200":638,"_1681":1762,"_4002":7081,"_5847":3992,"_7082":7083,"_1716":7084,"_7085":7086,"_7087":7088,"_1729":7089,"_7090":7091},"invoice","INVOICE","From:","yourCompany","[Your Company]","Invoice #:","number","[Number]","datePlaceholder","[Date]","billTo","Bill To:","[Client Name]","Rate","itemPlaceholder","Item description","Add Item","subtotal","Subtotal:","tax","Tax ({{rate}}%):","Total:","printSave","Print / Save as PDF",{"_166":7093,"_200":7094,"_1275":1276,"_1004":7095,"_1006":7096,"_1008":7097,"_1467":7098,"_1324":7099},"How to Use the Invoice Generator","Fill in your company details, client information, and add line items with descriptions, quantities, and rates. The total is calculated automatically including tax. Click Print to save as PDF or print directly.","Use unique invoice numbers for tracking","Add detailed descriptions for each line item","Set appropriate tax rate for your jurisdiction","Save as PDF using your browser's print function","Note: This is a simple invoice generator. For recurring billing or advanced features, consider professional invoicing software.","tools/jpg-to-png-converter",{"_166":7102,"_200":7103,"_1073":7104,"_1514":7109,"_989":7114},"JPG to PNG Converter","Convert JPG/JPEG images to PNG format",{"_5191":7105,"_7106":7107,"_7108":1513},"📁 Choose JPG/JPEG Image","convertToPng","🔄 Convert to PNG","downloadPng",{"_6806":7110,"_7111":7112,"_465":7113},"Original Image (JPG)","convertedImage","Converted Image (PNG)","✅ Successfully converted to PNG format! PNG images support transparency and are lossless.",{"_166":7115,"_7116":7117,"_7118":7119,"_7120":7121,"_7122":7123,"_7124":7125,"_7126":7127,"_7128":7129,"_7130":7131,"_7132":7133},"JPG vs PNG","whenUsePngTitle","When to Use PNG","pngTransparency","Transparency: PNG supports transparent backgrounds (JPG doesn't)","pngTextGraphics","Text & Graphics: Better for images with text or sharp lines","pngLossless","Lossless: No quality loss, perfect for editing","pngWebGraphics","Web Graphics: Logos, icons, and UI elements","whenUseJpgTitle","When to Use JPG","jpgPhotographs","Photographs: Better compression for photos","jpgSmallerFiles","Smaller Files: Typically smaller file size than PNG","jpgWebPhotos","Web Photos: Faster loading for photo galleries","tools/json-formatter",{"_166":7136,"_200":7137,"_136":7138,"_1073":7149,"_1065":7156,"_438":7170,"_57":7174,"_989":7179},"JSON Formatter & Validator","Format, validate, and minify JSON data instantly",{"_7139":7140,"_7141":7142,"_3933":3934,"_7143":7144,"_7145":7146,"_7147":7148},"simpleObject","Simple Object","simpleObjectText","{\"name\":\"John\",\"age\":30,\"city\":\"New York\"}","arrayOfObjectsText","[{\"id\":1,\"title\":\"Task 1\"},{\"id\":2,\"title\":\"Task 2\"}]","nestedObject","Nested Object","nestedObjectText","{\"user\":{\"name\":\"Jane\",\"address\":{\"city\":\"LA\",\"zip\":\"90001\"}}}",{"_6626":7150,"_6273":7151,"_7152":7153,"_7154":7155},"Format/Beautify","Minify","validate","Validate","loadSample","Load Sample",{"_7157":7158,"_7159":62,"_7160":7161,"_7162":7163,"_7164":7165,"_7166":7167,"_7168":7169},"inputLabel","Input JSON","outputLabel","outputPlaceholder","Formatted output will appear here...","indentLabel","Indent","indent2","2 spaces","indent4","4 spaces","indent8","8 spaces",{"_166":7171,"_7172":7173},"JSON Error","invalidJSON","Invalid JSON",{"_7175":7176,"_7177":7178},"validJSON","✓ Valid JSON!","validWithLength","Valid JSON - {{length}} characters",{"_166":7180,"_7181":7182,"_6273":7183,"_7152":7184,"_7185":7186,"_1578":7187},"JSON Formatting Features","formatBeautify","Format/Beautify: Convert compact JSON to readable, indented format","Minify: Remove whitespace to reduce file size","Validate: Check if JSON syntax is correct","errorDetection","Error Detection: Get detailed error messages for invalid JSON","Copy to Clipboard: Quickly copy formatted output","tools/jwt-decoder",{"_166":7190,"_200":7191,"_136":7192,"_1514":7195,"_1065":7200,"_1073":7205,"_563":7208,"_222":7217,"_438":7224,"_989":7231},"JWT Decoder","Decode and inspect JSON Web Tokens",{"_7193":7194},"exampleToken","Example Token",{"_7196":7197,"_7198":7199},"noteTitle","Note:","noteDesc","This tool decodes JWT tokens client-side in your browser. It does not verify signatures or validate tokens. Never paste tokens containing sensitive data on untrusted websites.",{"_7201":7202,"_7203":7204},"jwtToken","JWT Token","tokenPlaceholder","Paste JWT token here...",{"_7206":7207,"_20":21},"decodeJwt","Decode JWT",{"_7209":7210,"_7211":7212,"_7213":7214,"_7215":7216},"tokenExpired","Token Expired","tokenValid","Token Valid","expires","Expires: {{date}}","issued","Issued: {{date}}",{"_234":7218,"_7219":7220,"_518":7221,"_7222":7223},"Header","payload","Payload","Signature","signatureNote","Signature is not verified in this tool",{"_7225":7226,"_3230":7227,"_1591":7228,"_7229":7230},"enterToken","Please enter a JWT token","Invalid JWT format. JWT must have 3 parts separated by dots.","Invalid base64 encoding","decodeFailed","Failed to decode JWT token",{"_166":7232,"_200":7233,"_7234":7235,"_7236":7237,"_7238":7239,"_7240":7241,"_7242":7243,"_7244":7245,"_7246":7247,"_7248":7249,"_7250":7251,"_7252":7253},"About JWT Tokens","JSON Web Tokens (JWT) are a compact, URL-safe means of representing claims between two parties. They consist of three parts: header, payload, and signature, separated by dots.","structureTitle","JWT Structure","structureHeader","Header: Contains token type and signing algorithm","structurePayload","Payload: Contains claims (user data, expiration, etc.)","structureSignature","Signature: Verifies the token hasn't been tampered with","commonClaimsTitle","Common Claims","claimIss","iss: Issuer of the token","claimSub","sub: Subject (user ID)","claimExp","exp: Expiration time","claimIat","iat: Issued at time","claimAud","aud: Audience (intended recipient)","tools/keyword-density-checker",{"_166":7256,"_200":7257,"_136":7258,"_1065":7267,"_569":7276,"_7272":7279,"_7295":7296,"_989":7308},"Keyword Density Checker","Analyze keyword frequency and density in your content",{"_7259":7260,"_7261":7262,"_7263":7264,"_7265":7266},"techArticle","Tech Article","techArticleText","React is a popular JavaScript library for building user interfaces. React makes it painless to create interactive UIs. With React, you can design simple views for each state in your application. React will efficiently update and render just the right components when your data changes. React is declarative, component-based, and can be used to build mobile apps with React Native.","blogPost","Blog Post","blogPostText","Coffee brewing is an art that requires attention to detail. The best coffee comes from freshly roasted beans. When making coffee at home, always use filtered water and grind your coffee beans just before brewing. A good coffee grinder is essential for consistent results. Whether you prefer espresso or drip coffee, the quality of your coffee beans matters most.",{"_7268":7269,"_7270":7271,"_7272":7273,"_7274":7275},"contentToAnalyze","Content to Analyze","contentPlaceholder","Paste your content here to analyze keyword density...","targetKeyword","Target Keyword (optional)","keywordPlaceholder","Enter a keyword to track",{"_2889":2890,"_7277":7278,"_2891":2892,"_1586":2886},"unique","Unique",{"_166":7280,"_7281":7282,"_7283":7284,"_7285":7286,"_7287":7288,"_7289":7290,"_7291":7292,"_7293":7294},"Target Keyword: \"{{keyword}}\"","occurrences","Occurrences: ","density","Density: ","densityValue","{{density}}%","optimal","✓ Optimal","low","↓ Low","high","↑ High","recommendedDensity","Recommended density: 0.5% - 3%","tables",{"_7297":7298,"_7299":7300,"_7301":7302,"_7303":7304,"_7305":7306,"_7283":7307},"topKeywordsTitle","Top Keywords (Single Words)","topPhrasesTitle","Top Phrases (2+ occurrences)","keyword","Keyword","phrase","Phrase","count","Count","Density",{"_166":7309,"_1102":7310,"_1104":7311,"_7312":7313,"_7314":7315,"_7316":7317,"_7318":7319,"_7320":7321,"_7322":7323,"_2530":7324,"_2532":7325,"_2534":7326,"_2536":7327},"Keyword Density Guide","What is Keyword Density?","Keyword density is the percentage of times a keyword appears in your content compared to the total word count. It's an important SEO metric for content optimization.","optimalDensityTitle","Optimal Density","targetRange","Target range: 0.5% - 3%","tooLow","Too low (<0.5%): May not rank for the keyword","tooHigh","Too high (>3%): Risk of keyword stuffing penalty","naturalContent","Focus on natural, readable content first","bestPracticesTitle","SEO Best Practices","Use keywords in title, headings, and first paragraph","Include synonyms and related terms (LSI keywords)","Write for humans, optimize for search engines","Consider search intent, not just keyword count","tools/kinematics-solver-calculator",{"_166":7330,"_200":7331,"_1065":7332,"_369":7349,"_7354":7355,"_1238":7359,"_1235":7371,"_989":7373},"Kinematics Solver Calculator","Solve SUVAT kinematic equations for uniformly accelerated motion",{"_2179":2180,"_7333":7334,"_7335":7336,"_7337":7338,"_7339":7340,"_7341":7342,"_2914":7343,"_7344":7334,"_7345":7336,"_7346":7338,"_7347":7340,"_7348":7342,"_2210":2210},"displacementS","s - Displacement (m)","initialU","u - Initial Velocity (m/s)","finalV","v - Final Velocity (m/s)","accelerationA","a - Acceleration (m/s²)","timeT","t - Time (s)","Enter any 3 known values to solve for the selected variable","sLabel","uLabel","vLabel","aLabel","tLabel",{"_166":7350,"_2914":7351,"_3060":3061,"_7352":7353},"Motion Diagram","Dots show position at equal time intervals. Closer dots indicate slower motion.","end","End","solution",{"_166":7356,"_7357":7358},"Solution","using","Using",{"_166":7360,"_6451":6452,"_7361":7362,"_7363":7364,"_7365":7366,"_7367":7368,"_7369":7370},"SUVAT Equations","sDesc","s = displacement","uDesc","u = initial velocity","vDesc","v = final velocity","aDesc","a = acceleration","tDesc","t = time",{"_1094":7372},"Enter at least 3 known values to solve",{"_166":7374,"_200":7375},"About Kinematics Solver Calculator","Solve kinematic problems involving uniformly accelerated motion. Enter any three known values and the calculator will determine the remaining variables using the SUVAT equations.","tools/lens-equation-calculator",{"_166":7378,"_200":7379,"_1065":7380,"_1199":7406,"_57":7414,"_7432":7433,"_1238":7447,"_136":7453,"_1235":7458,"_989":7460},"Lens Equation Calculator","Calculate image distance, object distance, or focal length using the thin lens equation",{"_2179":2180,"_7381":7382,"_7383":7384,"_7385":7386,"_7387":7388,"_7389":7390,"_7391":7392,"_7393":7394,"_7395":7396,"_7397":7398,"_7399":7400,"_7401":7402,"_7403":7404,"_2210":7405},"solveImageDistance","Image Distance (di)","solveObjectDistance","Object Distance (do)","solveFocalLength","Focal Length (f)","focalLength","Focal Length (cm)","focalLengthPlaceholder","+ converging, - diverging","focalLengthHint","Positive for converging, negative for diverging","objectDistance","Object Distance (cm)","objectDistancePlaceholder","always positive","imageDistance","Image Distance (cm)","imageDistancePlaceholder","+ real, - virtual","objectHeight","Object Height (cm)","objectHeightPlaceholder","for magnification","(solving)",{"_166":7407,"_7408":7409,"_7410":7411,"_7412":7413},"Ray Diagram","object","Object","realImage","Real Image","virtualImage","Virtual Image",{"_7387":7415,"_7393":7416,"_7397":7417,"_7418":7419,"_7420":7421,"_7422":7423,"_7424":7425,"_7426":7427,"_7410":7411,"_7412":7413,"_7428":7429,"_7430":7431},"Focal Length","Object Distance","Image Distance","magnification","Magnification","imageHeight","Image Height","lensPower","Lens Power","converging","Converging Lens","diverging","Diverging Lens","upright","Upright","inverted","Inverted","signConventions",{"_166":7434,"_7435":7436,"_7437":7438,"_7439":7440,"_7441":7442,"_7443":7444,"_7445":7446},"Sign Conventions","fPositive","f > 0: converging lens","fNegative","f < 0: diverging lens","diPositive","di > 0: real image (opposite side)","diNegative","di < 0: virtual image (same side)","mPositive","m > 0: upright image","mNegative","m < 0: inverted image",{"_166":7448,"_7449":7450,"_7418":7451,"_3299":7452},"Thin Lens Equation","thinLens","1/f = 1/do + 1/di","m = -di/do = hi/ho","Power (D) = 1/f (meters)",{"_7454":7455,"_7456":7457,"_7426":7427},"convergingReal","Converging (Real)","convergingVirtual","Converging (Virtual)",{"_1094":7459},"Enter values to calculate image properties",{"_166":7461,"_200":7462,"_1260":1261,"_1262":7463,"_1264":7464,"_1266":7465,"_1268":7466,"_1126":1270,"_1128":7467,"_1130":7468,"_1132":7469,"_1134":7470},"About Lens Equation Calculator","The thin lens equation relates the focal length of a lens to the object and image distances. This tool helps you calculate any unknown variable and visualize the ray diagram.","Converging lenses (f > 0) can form real or virtual images","Diverging lenses (f < 0) always form virtual, upright images","Real images form where light rays actually converge","Virtual images appear where rays seem to diverge from","Camera lens design and photography","Eyeglass and contact lens prescriptions","Microscope and telescope optics","Physics education and homework","tools/limit-calculator",{"_166":7473,"_200":7474,"_1065":7475,"_1073":7496,"_7498":7499,"_1199":7501,"_57":7506,"_7517":7518,"_438":7521,"_989":7528},"Limit Calculator","Calculate limits of functions numerically with visualization",{"_7476":7477,"_4204":7478,"_7479":7480,"_7481":7482,"_4706":4707,"_7483":7484,"_7485":7486,"_7487":7488,"_3684":7489,"_7490":7491,"_7492":7493,"_7494":7495},"expression","Expression f(x)","e.g., sin(x)/x, (x^2-1)/(x-1)","expressionHint","Supports: +, -, *, /, ^, sin, cos, tan, ln, sqrt, abs, exp, pi, e","variable","Variable","finiteValue","Finite value","value","Value","valuePlaceholder","e.g., 0","Direction","bothSides","Both sides","leftSide","Left (x → a⁻)","rightSide","Right (x → a⁺)",{"_30":7497},"Calculate Limit","commonLimits",{"_166":7500},"Common Limits",{"_166":1200,"_7502":7503,"_7504":7505},"approach","Approach","limit","Limit",{"_166":56,"_7507":7508,"_7509":7510,"_7511":7512,"_7513":7514,"_7515":7516},"leftHand","Left-hand Limit","rightHand","Right-hand Limit","numericalApproach","Numerical Approach","undefined","Undefined","dne","Does Not Exist","indeterminate",{"_166":7519,"_200":7520},"Indeterminate Forms","These forms require additional techniques (L'Hôpital's Rule, algebraic manipulation) to evaluate:",{"_7522":7523,"_7524":7525,"_7526":7527},"enterExpression","Please enter an expression","invalidValue","Please enter a valid number to approach","invalidExpression","Invalid expression. Check your syntax.",{"_166":7529,"_200":7530,"_1260":7531,"_1262":7532,"_1264":7533,"_1266":7534,"_1324":7535},"About Limit Calculator","A limit describes the value that a function approaches as the input approaches some value. This calculator uses numerical approximation to evaluate limits.","One-sided Limits","Left-hand limit: x → a⁻ (approaching from below)","Right-hand limit: x → a⁺ (approaching from above)","The two-sided limit exists only if both one-sided limits exist and are equal","Note: This calculator uses numerical approximation. For exact results, use algebraic techniques.","tools/linear-regression-calculator",{"_166":7538,"_200":7539,"_1065":7540,"_1073":7545,"_1199":7546,"_57":7553,"_1238":7568,"_1235":7575,"_989":7577},"Linear Regression Calculator","Calculate slope, intercept, and R-squared for linear regression with scatter plot visualization",{"_3654":3655,"_3656":3657,"_2883":3658,"_3659":3660,"_7541":7542,"_7543":7544},"predictY","Predict Y for X value","predictPlaceholder","Enter x to predict y",{"_6271":6272},{"_166":7547,"_1235":3664,"_3654":7548,"_7549":7550,"_7551":7552},"Scatter Plot with Regression Line","Data points","regressionLine","Regression line","residuals","Residuals",{"_4221":7554,"_5098":7555,"_3673":3674,"_7556":7557,"_7558":7559,"_3606":3607,"_3548":3549,"_3697":3698,"_3699":3700,"_7560":7561,"_7562":7563,"_7564":7565,"_7566":7567,"_3025":3026},"Slope (m)","Intercept (b)","additionalStats","Additional Statistics","correlation","Correlation (r)","predictedY","Predicted Y for X = {{x}}","residualsTitle","Data Points & Residuals","yActual","Y (actual)","yPredicted","Y (predicted)",{"_166":7569,"_7570":7571,"_4221":7572,"_5098":7573,"_3673":7574},"Linear Regression Formulas","line","y = mx + b (line equation)","m = (n×ΣXY - ΣX×ΣY) / (n×ΣX² - (ΣX)²)","b = (ΣY - m×ΣX) / n","R² = (correlation coefficient)²",{"_1094":7576},"Enter at least 2 data points to calculate regression",{"_166":7578,"_200":7579,"_1260":1261,"_1262":7580,"_1264":7581,"_1266":7582,"_1268":7583,"_1126":1270,"_1128":7584,"_1130":7585,"_1132":7586},"About Linear Regression Calculator","Linear regression finds the best-fit straight line through a set of data points. It minimizes the sum of squared vertical distances (residuals) between the data points and the line.","Slope (m) indicates the rate of change in Y for each unit change in X","Intercept (b) is the Y value when X equals zero","R² (coefficient of determination) measures how well the line fits the data (0 to 1)","Residuals show the difference between actual and predicted Y values","Predicting trends and forecasting","Scientific data analysis","Business and economic modeling","tools/loan-calculator",{"_166":7589,"_200":7590,"_136":7591,"_1065":7598,"_7605":7606,"_57":7607,"_989":7611,"_1235":7619},"Loan Calculator","Calculate monthly payments, total interest, and payment schedule for any loan",{"_7592":7593,"_7594":7595,"_7596":7597},"carLoan","Car Loan","personalLoan","Personal Loan","businessLoan","Business Loan",{"_2594":2595,"_7599":7600,"_7601":2599,"_3479":3480,"_2600":7602,"_7603":7604},"loanAmountPlaceholder","Enter loan amount","annualInterestRate","Loan Term","termPlaceholder","Enter term","termUnits",{"_4124":1022,"_3898":1024},{"_2607":2608,"_2609":2610,"_7608":7609,"_2621":7610},"totalPayment","Total Payment","Number of payments: {{count}} months",{"_166":7612,"_200":7613,"_7614":7615,"_2607":7616,"_2609":7617,"_7608":7618},"How to Use This Loan Calculator","Enter your loan details to calculate monthly payments and total interest. This calculator uses the standard amortization formula to give you accurate results for auto loans, personal loans, student loans, and more.","understandingResultsTitle","Understanding Your Results","Monthly Payment: The fixed amount you'll pay each month","Total Interest: Total interest paid over the life of the loan","Total Payment: Loan amount plus all interest charges",{"_509":2645},"tools/logarithm-calculator",{"_166":7622,"_200":7623,"_1065":7624,"_1199":7643,"_57":7647,"_7653":7654,"_1238":7672,"_989":7678,"_1235":7689},"Logarithm Calculator","Calculate logarithms with any base, antilogarithms, and visualize exponential/logarithmic curves",{"_30":31,"_7625":7626,"_7627":7628,"_2820":7629,"_7630":7631,"_7632":7633,"_7634":7635,"_7636":2301,"_7637":7638,"_7639":7640,"_7641":7642},"logarithm","Logarithm","antilogarithm","Antilogarithm (Inverse)","Base","baseNatural","Natural (e)","baseCommon","Common (10)","baseBinary","Binary (2)","baseCustom","customBase","Custom Base","valueLabel","Value (x) for log","exponentLabel","Exponent (y) for",{"_166":7644,"_7625":7626,"_7645":7646},"Exponential & Logarithm Curves","exponential","Exponential",{"_166":58,"_7648":56,"_7649":7650,"_7651":7651,"_7652":7652},"singleResult","lnBaseE","ln (base e)","log10","log2","properties",{"_166":7655,"_7656":7657,"_7658":7659,"_7660":7661,"_7662":7663,"_7664":7665,"_7666":7667,"_7668":7669,"_7670":7671},"Logarithm Properties","productRule","Product Rule","productFormula","log_b(xy) = log_b(x) + log_b(y)","quotientRule","Quotient Rule","quotientFormula","log_b(x/y) = log_b(x) - log_b(y)","powerRule","Power Rule","powerFormula","log_b(x^n) = n × log_b(x)","changeOfBase","Change of Base","changeOfBaseFormula","log_b(x) = log_c(x) / log_c(b)",{"_166":3327,"_7668":7673,"_7674":7675,"_7676":7677},"log_b(x) = ln(x) / ln(b)","inverseExp","b^(log_b(x)) = x","inverseLog","log_b(b^x) = x",{"_166":7679,"_200":7680,"_1260":1261,"_1262":7681,"_1264":7682,"_1266":7683,"_1268":7684,"_1126":1270,"_1128":7685,"_1130":7686,"_1132":7687,"_1134":7688},"About Logarithm Calculator","Logarithms are the inverse of exponentiation. The logarithm base b of x (written log_b(x)) answers the question: 'To what power must b be raised to get x?'","Natural log (ln) uses base e ≈ 2.718","Common log (log10) uses base 10","Binary log (log2) uses base 2, common in computer science","Antilogarithm is the inverse: antilog_b(y) = b^y","Measuring sound intensity (decibels)","Earthquake magnitude (Richter scale)","pH levels in chemistry","Algorithm complexity in computer science",{"_1094":7690},"Enter values to calculate logarithm","tools/long-division-solver",{"_166":7693,"_200":7694,"_1065":7695,"_1073":7700,"_438":7703,"_1096":7705,"_57":7706,"_989":7730},"Long Division Solver","Solve long division problems with step-by-step solutions",{"_7696":7697,"_7698":7699},"dividend","Dividend (number to divide)","divisor","Divisor (divide by)",{"_7701":7702},"solve","Solve Division",{"_5423":7704},"Cannot divide by zero","Enter numbers and click \"Solve Division\"",{"_7707":7708,"_7709":7710,"_1406":7711,"_5428":4219,"_4547":7712,"_7713":7714,"_7715":7716,"_7717":7718,"_7719":7720,"_7721":7722,"_7723":7724,"_7725":7726,"_187":7727,"_7728":7729},"answerLabel","Answer","remainder","Remainder","As a decimal","Step {{number}}","quotientDigit","Quotient digit","workingNumber","Working number","divideBy","Divide by","finalRemainder","Final Remainder","factsTitle","Quick Facts","factQuotient","Quotient: {{quotient}} (the answer)","factRemainder","Remainder: {{remainder}} (what's left over)","Check","verified","Solution verified!",{"_166":7731,"_7732":7733,"_1036":7734,"_1038":7735,"_1040":7736,"_1948":7737,"_2490":7738,"_1633":7739,"_7740":7741,"_7742":7743,"_7744":7745,"_7746":7747,"_7748":7749,"_7750":7751,"_7752":7710,"_7753":7754,"_1275":7755,"_1004":7756,"_1006":7757,"_1008":7758,"_1467":7759,"_3521":7760},"Understanding Long Division","howTitle","How Long Division Works","Divide: How many times does the divisor fit into the working number?","Multiply: Multiply the quotient digit by the divisor","Subtract: Subtract the product from the working number","Bring Down: Bring down the next digit and repeat","Repeat: Continue until all digits are used","Division Terms","termDividend","Dividend","termDividendDesc","The number being divided","termDivisor","Divisor","termDivisorDesc","The number you're dividing by","termQuotient","Quotient","termQuotientDesc","The answer/result","termRemainder","termRemainderDesc","The amount left over","Tips for Long Division","Work from left to right through the dividend","Make sure each quotient digit is correct before moving on","Line up your numbers carefully to avoid mistakes","Check your work: quotient × divisor + remainder should equal dividend","Practice with smaller numbers first before tackling larger problems","tools/lorem-ipsum-generator",{"_166":7763,"_200":7764,"_136":7765,"_1065":7772,"_34":7776,"_7777":7778,"_1578":1579,"_989":7779},"Lorem Ipsum Generator","Generate placeholder text for your designs and mockups",{"_7766":7767,"_7768":7769,"_7770":7771},"3paragraphs","3 Paragraphs","5sentences","5 Sentences","50words","50 Words",{"_5074":7773,"_7305":7306,"_7774":7775,"_2893":2894,"_2891":2892,"_2889":2890},"Type","startWithLorem","Start with \"Lorem ipsum\"","Generate Lorem Ipsum","generatedText","Generated Text",{"_166":7780,"_7781":7782,"_7783":7784,"_7785":7786,"_7787":7788,"_7789":7790,"_7791":7792,"_7793":7794,"_7795":7796},"What is Lorem Ipsum?","loremIpsumLabel","Lorem Ipsum:","loremIpsumText","Standard placeholder text used in design and publishing","originsLabel","Origins:","originsText","Derived from Latin text by Cicero from 45 BC","purposeLabel","Purpose:","purposeText","Helps designers focus on visual elements without meaningful content distraction","industryStandardLabel","Industry Standard:","industryStandardText","Used widely in web design, print, and typography since the 1500s","tools/lotto-number-generator",{"_166":7799,"_200":7800,"_136":7801,"_3072":7808,"_1065":7811,"_1073":7822,"_57":7827,"_989":7834},"Lotto Number Generator","Generate random lottery numbers for any lottery game",{"_7802":7803,"_7804":7805,"_7806":7807},"powerball","Powerball","megaMillions","Mega Millions","euroMillions","EuroMillions",{"_7802":7803,"_7809":7805,"_7810":7807,"_2300":2301},"megamillions","euromillions",{"_7812":7813,"_7814":7815,"_7816":7817,"_7818":7819,"_7820":7821},"lotteryGame","Lottery Game","mainNumbersCount","Main Numbers Count","mainNumberRange","Main Number Range (1-N)","bonusNumbersCount","Bonus Numbers Count","bonusNumberRange","Bonus Number Range (1-N)",{"_7823":7824,"_7825":7826},"generate1Set","Generate 1 Set","generate5Sets","Generate 5 Sets",{"_7828":7829,"_7830":7831,"_7832":7833},"yourLuckyNumbers","Your Lucky Numbers","set","Set {{number}}:","bonusSeparator","+",{"_166":7835,"_200":7836,"_7837":7838,"_7802":7839,"_7804":7840,"_7806":7841,"_162":7842},"How to Use the Lotto Number Generator","Generate random lottery numbers for popular games like Powerball, Mega Millions, or create your own custom lottery. All numbers are randomly generated and unique within each set.","popularGamesTitle","Popular Lottery Games","Powerball: 5 numbers (1-69) + 1 Powerball (1-26)","Mega Millions: 5 numbers (1-70) + 1 Mega Ball (1-25)","EuroMillions: 5 numbers (1-50) + 2 Lucky Stars (1-12)","Remember: This tool generates random numbers for entertainment. Always play responsibly.","tools/macro-calculator",{"_166":7845,"_200":7846,"_136":7847,"_1065":7854,"_7863":7864,"_7870":7871,"_57":7880,"_989":7900,"_1235":7914},"Macro Calculator","Calculate your ideal macronutrient ratios",{"_7848":7849,"_7850":7851,"_7852":7853},"weightLoss","Weight Loss","muscleGain","Muscle Gain","ketoDiet","Keto Diet",{"_7855":7856,"_7857":7858,"_7859":7860,"_2667":2668,"_7861":7862},"dailyCalories","Daily Calories","caloriesPlaceholder","2000","caloriesHelper","Use a TDEE calculator to find your daily calorie needs","dietType","Diet Type","goals",{"_7865":2672,"_7866":7867,"_7868":7869},"loseWeight","maintain","Maintain","buildMuscle","Build Muscle","diets",{"_7872":7873,"_7874":7875,"_7876":7877,"_7878":7879},"balanced","Balanced (30/40/30)","lowCarb","Low Carb (40/20/40)","highProtein","High Protein (40/35/25)","keto","Keto (25/5/70)",{"_7881":7882,"_7883":7884,"_7885":7886,"_7887":7888,"_7889":7890,"_7891":7892,"_7893":7894,"_7895":7896,"_7897":7896,"_7898":7899},"protein","Protein ({{percent}}%)","carbs","Carbs ({{percent}}%)","fat","Fat ({{percent}}%)","dailyBreakdown","Daily Breakdown","proteinLabel","Protein","carbsLabel","Carbs","fatLabel","Fat","proteinCalories","{{grams}}g × 4 = {{calories}} cal","carbsCalories","fatCalories","{{grams}}g × 9 = {{calories}} cal",{"_166":7901,"_7902":7903,"_7904":7905,"_7906":7907,"_7881":7908,"_7883":7909,"_7885":7910,"_1275":1276,"_1004":7911,"_1006":7912,"_1008":7913},"Understanding Macros","whatAreMacrosTitle","What are Macros?","whatAreMacrosDesc","Macronutrients are the three main nutrients that provide energy: protein, carbohydrates, and fat.","functionsTitle","Macro Functions","Protein (4 cal/g): Builds muscle, repairs tissue, keeps you full","Carbs (4 cal/g): Primary energy source, fuels workouts","Fat (9 cal/g): Hormone production, nutrient absorption","Track macros with an app like MyFitnessPal","Prioritize hitting protein goals first","Adjust ratios based on how you feel and perform",{"_509":7915},"Enter your details to calculate macros","tools/magnetic-field-calculator",{"_166":7918,"_200":7919,"_1065":7920,"_1168":7937,"_57":7943,"_2283":7952,"_136":7959,"_1235":7966,"_1238":7968,"_989":7974},"Magnetic Field Calculator","Calculate magnetic field strength for different conductor configurations",{"_7921":7922,"_7923":7924,"_7925":7926,"_3756":7927,"_3758":2830,"_7928":7929,"_7930":7931,"_1153":7932,"_1155":2830,"_7933":7934,"_7935":7936},"configurationLabel","Configuration","currentLabel","Current (A)","currentPlaceholder","Amperes","Distance from wire (m)","turnsPerLengthLabel","Turns per meter (n)","turnsPerLengthPlaceholder","turns/m","Loop Radius (m)","numTurnsLabel","Number of Turns (N)","numTurnsPlaceholder","turns",{"_7938":7939,"_7940":7941,"_5629":7942},"wire","Straight Wire","solenoid","Solenoid","Circular Loop",{"_7944":7945,"_7946":7947,"_1199":4838,"_7948":7949,"_7950":7951},"magneticField","Magnetic Field (B)","inTesla","In Tesla","constants","Constants","permeability","Permeability of free space (μ₀):",{"_7953":7954,"_7955":7956,"_7957":7958,"_7940":7941},"currentIntoPage","I (into page)","fieldLines","B field lines","uniformInside","B (uniform inside)",{"_7960":7961,"_7962":7963,"_7964":7965},"powerLine","Power Line","electromagnet","Electromagnet","coil","Wire Coil",{"_1094":7967},"Enter valid values to calculate the magnetic field",{"_166":1240,"_7938":7969,"_7940":7970,"_5629":7971,"_7972":7973},"Straight Wire: B = μ₀I / (2πr)","Solenoid: B = μ₀nI","Circular Loop: B = μ₀NI / (2R)","mu0","μ₀ = 4π×10⁻⁷ T·m/A",{"_166":7975,"_200":7976,"_7977":7978,"_7979":7980,"_7981":7982,"_7983":7984,"_4790":4888,"_4791":7985,"_4793":7986,"_4795":7987},"About Magnetic Field Calculator","Calculate magnetic field strength for different current-carrying conductor geometries using the Biot-Savart law and Ampère's law.","configurationsTitle","Configurations","config1","Straight Wire: Field decreases with distance, forms concentric circles","config2","Solenoid: Creates uniform field inside the coil","config3","Circular Loop: Field strongest at center, perpendicular to loop plane","Electromagnet design","MRI machines and particle accelerators","Electric motors and generators","tools/magnifier-tool",{"_166":7990,"_200":7991,"_1168":7992,"_1065":7996,"_1073":8000,"_8014":8015,"_8021":8022,"_3058":8037,"_989":8045},"Magnifier Tool","Magnify your camera view or screen content for better visibility",{"_5223":7993,"_7994":7995},"Camera","screen","Screen",{"_1145":4703,"_7997":7998,"_7999":7993},"zoomLabel","Zoom Level","cameraLabel",{"_3060":8001,"_75":76,"_8002":8003,"_8004":8005,"_8006":8007,"_8008":8009,"_8010":8011,"_8012":8013},"Start Magnifier","freeze","Freeze","unfreeze","Unfreeze","fullscreen","Fullscreen","exitFullscreen","Exit Fullscreen","flipCamera","Flip Camera","invertColors","Invert Colors","zoom",{"_8016":8016,"_8017":8017,"_8018":8018,"_8019":8019,"_8020":8020},"1x","2x","3x","4x","5x","permissions",{"_8023":8024,"_8025":8026,"_8027":8028,"_8029":8030,"_8031":8032,"_8033":8034,"_8035":8036},"cameraTitle","Camera Access Required","cameraDescription","This tool needs access to your camera to provide magnification. Click the button below to grant permission.","cameraButton","Grant Camera Access","cameraDenied","Camera access was denied. Please enable it in your browser settings.","screenTitle","Screen Capture","screenDescription","Share your screen to magnify its content.","screenButton","Share Screen",{"_166":8038,"_8039":8040,"_8041":8042,"_8002":8043,"_8006":8044},"Controls","zoomIn","Zoom In (+)","zoomOut","Zoom Out (-)","Freeze (Space)","Fullscreen (F)",{"_166":8046,"_200":8047,"_3108":3109,"_3958":8048,"_3960":8049,"_3962":8050,"_3964":8051,"_3966":8052,"_1126":2573,"_1128":8053,"_1130":8054,"_1132":8055,"_1134":8056,"_1136":8057,"_1275":1276,"_1004":8058,"_1006":8059,"_1008":8060},"About Magnifier Tool","A digital magnifier that uses your device's camera or screen capture to enlarge text, images, and objects. Useful for reading small print, examining details, or accessibility needs.","Up to 5x zoom magnification","Camera or screen capture modes","Freeze frame for steady viewing","Color inversion for contrast","Fullscreen mode for maximum visibility","Reading small print (medicine labels, fine print)","Examining small objects or details","Low vision accessibility aid","Magnifying documents or photos","Reading menus or signs","Use good lighting for best camera results","Freeze the frame to read without movement","Try color inversion for better contrast on some text","tools/matrix-calculator",{"_166":8063,"_200":8064,"_1065":8065,"_3290":8073,"_57":8082,"_361":8083,"_989":8091},"Matrix Calculator","Perform matrix operations including addition, multiplication, transpose, determinant, and inverse",{"_8066":3277,"_8067":8068,"_8069":8070,"_8071":8072},"operationLabel","matrixALabel","Matrix A","matrixBLabel","Matrix B","matrixPlaceholder","Enter values (space or tab separated, one row per line)",{"_126":8074,"_3293":8075,"_3295":8076,"_8077":8078,"_4268":8079,"_8080":8081},"A + B (Addition)","A - B (Subtraction)","A × B (Multiplication)","transpose","Aᵀ (Transpose)","|A| (Determinant)","inverse","A⁻¹ (Inverse)",{"_166":56},{"_166":8084,"_8085":8086,"_3295":8087,"_8077":8088,"_4268":8089,"_8080":8090},"Matrix Operations","addSub","Addition/Subtraction: Matrices must have same dimensions","Multiplication: A columns must equal B rows","Transpose: Swap rows and columns (Aᵀ[i][j] = A[j][i])","Determinant: Matrix must be square","Inverse: Matrix must be square with non-zero determinant",{"_166":8092,"_200":8093,"_8094":8095,"_8096":8097,"_8098":8099,"_8100":8101,"_8102":8103,"_1275":1276,"_1004":8104,"_1006":8105,"_1008":8106},"About Matrix Calculator","Perform common matrix operations for linear algebra. Enter matrices using space or tab-separated values, with each row on a new line.","operationsTitle","Supported Operations","op1","Addition and subtraction of matrices with matching dimensions","op2","Matrix multiplication (rows × columns)","op3","Transpose to flip rows and columns","op4","Determinant and inverse for square matrices","Use spaces, tabs, or commas to separate values in a row","Press Enter to start a new row","For inverse, the determinant must be non-zero","tools/meta-tag-generator",{"_166":8109,"_200":8110,"_136":8111,"_1065":8132,"_1514":8160,"_1073":8167,"_989":8170},"Meta Tag Generator","Generate SEO meta tags for your website",{"_8112":8113,"_8114":8115,"_8116":8117,"_8118":8119,"_8120":8121,"_8122":8123,"_8124":8125,"_8126":8127,"_8128":8129,"_8130":8131},"coffeeShop","Coffee Shop","tutorialSite","Tutorial Site","coffeeShopTitle","Best Coffee Shop in NYC | Fresh Roasted Daily","coffeeShopDescription","Visit our cozy coffee shop in Manhattan. Fresh roasted beans, artisan pastries, and free WiFi. Open 7 days a week from 6am to 9pm.","coffeeShopKeywords","coffee shop, NYC, Manhattan, fresh roasted coffee, artisan pastries","coffeeShopAuthor","Coffee House NYC","tutorialSiteTitle","Learn Web Development | Free Coding Tutorials","tutorialSiteDescription","Master HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and React with our free tutorials. Perfect for beginners. Start coding today!","tutorialSiteKeywords","web development, coding tutorials, html, css, javascript, react","tutorialSiteAuthor","Code Academy",{"_8133":8134,"_8135":8136,"_420":8137,"_8138":8139,"_8140":8141,"_8142":8143,"_8144":8145,"_8146":8147,"_8148":8149,"_8150":8151,"_8152":8153,"_8154":8155,"_8156":8157,"_8158":8159},"pageTitle","Page Title ({{count}}/60 characters)","pageTitlePlaceholder","Your Page Title | Brand Name","Meta Description ({{count}}/160 characters)","metaDescriptionPlaceholder","A compelling description of your page content...","keywords","Keywords (comma-separated)","keywordsPlaceholder","keyword1, keyword2, keyword3","authorSiteName","Author / Site Name","authorPlaceholder","Your Name or Company","siteNameOg","Site Name (OG)","siteNamePlaceholder","My Website","pageUrl","Page URL","pageUrlPlaceholder","https://example.com/page","imageUrl","Image URL (for social sharing)","imageUrlPlaceholder","https://example.com/image.jpg",{"_8161":8162,"_8163":8164,"_8165":8166},"titleTooLong","Title is too long for optimal SEO","descriptionTooLong","Description is too long for optimal SEO","generatedMetaTags","Generated Meta Tags",{"_8168":8169},"copyAll","Copy All",{"_166":8171,"_8172":199,"_8173":8174,"_8175":8176,"_8177":8178,"_8179":8180,"_8181":201,"_8182":8183,"_8184":8185,"_8186":8187,"_8188":8189,"_8190":8191,"_8192":8193},"Meta Tag Best Practices","titleTagTitle","titleTip1","Keep under 60 characters","titleTip2","Include primary keyword near the beginning","titleTip3","Make it compelling and unique","titleTip4","Include your brand name at the end","metaDescriptionTitle","descTip1","Keep under 160 characters","descTip2","Include a call-to-action","descTip3","Summarize page content accurately","descTip4","Include relevant keywords naturally","openGraphTitle","Open Graph Tags","openGraphDesc","These control how your page appears when shared on social media. Always include an image (1200x630px recommended).","tools/minesweeper-game",{"_166":8196,"_200":8197,"_8198":8199,"_974":975,"_976":977,"_980":981,"_8205":8206,"_658":8207,"_8208":8209,"_8210":973,"_984":8211,"_989":8214},"Minesweeper Game","Play the classic Minesweeper puzzle game - use logic to find all the mines!","difficulty",{"_8200":8201,"_5926":8202,"_8203":8204},"easy","Easy","Medium","hard","Hard","mines","MINES","TIME","yourTime","Your time","bestTime",{"_986":8212,"_319":8213},"Click to reveal cells. Right-click to flag mines.","Tap to reveal cells. Long-press to flag mines.",{"_166":8215,"_200":8216,"_993":994,"_995":8217,"_997":8218,"_999":8219,"_1001":8220,"_8221":8222,"_8223":8224},"About Minesweeper","Minesweeper is a classic logic puzzle game. The goal is to reveal all cells that don't contain mines, using numbers to deduce where the mines are hidden.","Click on cells to reveal them","Numbers show how many mines are adjacent to that cell","Right-click (or long-press on mobile) to flag suspected mines","Reveal all safe cells to win!","numbers","Understanding Numbers","numbersDesc","Each number tells you how many of the 8 surrounding cells contain mines. Use this information to deduce which cells are safe and which contain mines.","tools/modular-arithmetic-calculator",{"_166":8227,"_200":8228,"_1065":8229,"_3290":8241,"_57":8247,"_136":8259,"_1238":8263,"_989":8268},"Modular Arithmetic Calculator","Calculate modular operations including addition, exponentiation, inverse, and linear congruences",{"_8066":3277,"_7347":8230,"_8231":8232,"_8233":7629,"_7641":8234,"_8235":8236,"_8237":8238,"_8239":8240},"a","bLabel","b","baseLabel","Exponent","coefficientLabel","a (coefficient)","constantLabel","b (constant)","modulusLabel","Modulus (n)",{"_2219":8242,"_3299":8243,"_8080":8244,"_8245":8246},"Basic Operations","Modular Exponent","Modular Inverse","congruence","Linear Congruence",{"_8248":8249,"_8250":8251,"_8252":8244,"_8253":8254,"_8255":8246,"_2210":8256,"_8257":8258},"modResults","Results (mod {{n}})","modularExponentiation","Modular Exponentiation","modularInverse","noInverse","No inverse exists (gcd({{a}}, {{n}}) ≠ 1)","linearCongruence","Solving","noSolution","No solution exists",{"_2219":8260,"_3299":8261,"_8080":8262},"Basic Mod 7","3^100 mod 7","3⁻¹ mod 11",{"_166":8264,"_8245":8265,"_8266":8267},"Properties","a ≡ b (mod n) ⟺ n | (a-b)","inverseExists","a⁻¹ exists ⟺ gcd(a,n) = 1",{"_166":8269,"_200":8270,"_8094":8095,"_8096":8271,"_8098":8272,"_8100":8273,"_8102":8274,"_4790":4888,"_4791":8275,"_4793":8276,"_4795":8277},"About Modular Arithmetic Calculator","Perform modular arithmetic operations used in cryptography, number theory, and computer science.","Basic operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication mod n","Modular exponentiation using fast exponentiation algorithm","Modular inverse using extended Euclidean algorithm","Linear congruence solving (ax ≡ b mod n)","RSA and other cryptographic algorithms","Hash functions and checksums","Clock arithmetic and cyclic patterns","tools/molar-mass-calculator",{"_166":8280,"_200":8281,"_1065":8282,"_30":31,"_8294":8295,"_57":8296,"_616":8305,"_1201":8310,"_438":8315,"_1235":8320,"_989":8322},"Molar Mass Calculator","Calculate molar mass from chemical formulas with element breakdown and percent composition",{"_8283":8284,"_8285":8286,"_8287":8288,"_1149":8289,"_1151":8290,"_8291":6435,"_8292":8293},"formulaLabel","Chemical Formula","formulaPlaceholder","e.g., H2O, NaCl, Ca(OH)2","formulaHint","Supports parentheses: Ca(OH)2, Mg3(PO4)2","Mass (g)","Enter mass (optional)","molesLabel","molesPlaceholder","Enter moles (optional)","commonCompounds","Common Compounds",{"_8297":8298,"_8299":8300,"_8301":8302,"_8303":8304},"molarMassOf","Molar Mass of","elementBreakdown","Element Breakdown","percentComposition","Percent Composition","conversions","Conversions",{"_8306":8307,"_7305":7306,"_8308":8309,"_2839":2840},"element","Element","atomicMass","Atomic Mass",{"_8311":8312,"_6423":8313,"_8314":8314},"grams","grams (g)","moles (mol)","particles",{"_8316":8317,"_8318":8319},"enterFormula","Please enter a chemical formula","invalidFormula","Invalid formula or unknown element",{"_1094":8321},"Enter a chemical formula to calculate molar mass",{"_166":8323,"_200":8324,"_8325":8326,"_6495":8327,"_6497":8328,"_6499":8329,"_8330":8331,"_6998":8332,"_136":8333},"About Molar Mass Calculator","Calculate the molar mass of any chemical compound. Enter the molecular formula and optionally a mass or number of moles for conversions.","formatTitle","Formula Format","Enter a chemical formula using standard notation","Use parentheses for polyatomic ions: Ca(OH)2","Subscripts are written as numbers: H2O, C6H12O6","format4","Optionally enter mass or moles for conversions","Examples","H2O (water), NaCl (salt), C6H12O6 (glucose), Ca(OH)2 (calcium hydroxide), Mg3(PO4)2 (magnesium phosphate)","tools/molarity-calculator",{"_166":8336,"_200":8337,"_1065":8338,"_2179":8348,"_2210":2210,"_57":8351,"_136":8353,"_1235":8359,"_1238":8361,"_989":8365},"Molarity Calculator","Calculate molarity, moles, volume, or mass for solution preparation",{"_2181":2180,"_8339":8340,"_8341":8342,"_8291":8343,"_2302":6422,"_2304":6422,"_1149":8289,"_1151":8311,"_8344":8345,"_8346":8347},"molarityLabel","Molarity (M)","molarityPlaceholder","mol/L","Moles (mol)","molarMassLabel","Molar Mass (g/mol)","molarMassPlaceholder","Optional - for mass calculations",{"_8349":8340,"_6423":8343,"_6421":6429,"_2824":8289,"_8350":8345},"molarity","molarMass",{"_166":58,"_8349":8340,"_6423":8343,"_6421":8352,"_2824":8289,"_8350":8345},"Volume (mL)",{"_8354":8355,"_2770":8356,"_8357":8358},"dilute","0.1M Solution","1M Standard","nacl","1M NaCl",{"_1094":8360},"Enter the known values to calculate the result",{"_166":1240,"_8349":8362,"_6423":8363,"_2824":8364},"Molarity (M) = moles / volume (L)","Moles = molarity × volume (L)","Mass (g) = moles × molar mass (g/mol)",{"_166":8366,"_200":8367,"_1260":1261,"_1262":8368,"_1264":8369,"_1266":8370,"_1275":1276,"_1004":8371,"_1006":8372},"About Molarity Calculator","Calculate solution concentration and prepare solutions with precise amounts of solute.","Molarity (M) is moles of solute per liter of solution","1 M = 1 mol/L = 1 mmol/mL","Include molar mass to convert between mass and moles","Switch between mL and L for convenience","Add molar mass when you know mass instead of moles","tools/moment-of-inertia-calculator",{"_166":8375,"_200":8376,"_1065":8377,"_1174":8378,"_8383":8384,"_57":8389,"_136":8394,"_1235":8400,"_1238":8402,"_989":8410},"Moment of Inertia Calculator","Calculate rotational inertia for common shapes with parallel axis theorem support",{"_1147":1148,"_1149":1150,"_1153":1154,"_1157":1158,"_6793":2818},{"_1176":1177,"_1178":1179,"_1180":1181,"_8379":8380,"_8381":8382},"ring","Ring/Hoop","plate","Rectangular Plate","parallelAxis",{"_166":8385,"_8386":8387,"_3756":8388},"Parallel Axis Theorem","apply","Apply parallel axis theorem","Distance from center of mass (m)",{"_8390":2857,"_8391":8392,"_1867":1198,"_1199":8393},"aboutCM","withParallel","With Parallel Axis","Shape Visualization",{"_8395":8396,"_8397":8398,"_1180":8399},"flywheel","Flywheel","ball","Bowling Ball","Meter Stick",{"_1094":8401},"Enter valid values to calculate moment of inertia",{"_166":8403,"_1176":8404,"_1178":8405,"_1180":8406,"_8379":8407,"_8381":8408,"_6902":8409},"Common Moment of Inertia Formulas","Solid Disk: I = (1/2)MR²","Solid Sphere: I = (2/5)MR²","Thin Rod (center): I = (1/12)ML²","Ring/Hoop: I = MR²","Rectangular Plate: I = (1/12)M(L² + W²)","Parallel Axis Theorem: I = Icm + Md²",{"_166":8411,"_200":8412,"_1260":1261,"_1262":8413,"_1264":8414,"_1266":8415,"_4790":4888,"_4791":8416,"_4793":8417,"_4795":8418},"About Moment of Inertia Calculator","Moment of inertia (rotational inertia) is the rotational analog of mass. It quantifies the resistance of an object to rotational acceleration about an axis.","Moment of inertia depends on mass distribution relative to the rotation axis","The parallel axis theorem allows calculation for axes not through the center of mass","Units are kg·m² (kilogram meters squared)","Flywheel and rotor design","Sports equipment (bats, clubs, rackets)","Vehicle dynamics and stability","tools/moon-phase-calculator",{"_166":8421,"_200":8422,"_136":8423,"_1065":8429,"_8432":8433,"_8466":8467,"_989":8480},"Moon Phase Calculator","Calculate the current moon phase for any date",{"_8424":8425,"_3846":8426,"_8427":8428},"today","Today","1 Week from Now","oneMonth","1 Month from Now",{"_8430":8431},"selectDate","Select Date","phases",{"_8434":8435,"_8436":8437,"_8438":8439,"_8440":8441,"_8442":8443,"_8444":8445,"_8446":8447,"_8448":8449,"_8450":8451,"_8452":8453,"_8454":8455,"_8456":8457,"_8458":8459,"_8460":8461,"_8462":8463,"_8464":8465},"newMoon","New Moon","newMoonDesc","The moon is not visible in the sky. Perfect time for stargazing.","waxingCrescent","Waxing Crescent","waxingCrescentDesc","A small sliver of the moon is visible and growing.","firstQuarter","First Quarter","firstQuarterDesc","Half of the moon is illuminated and visible.","waxingGibbous","Waxing Gibbous","waxingGibbousDesc","More than half of the moon is visible and growing.","fullMoon","Full Moon","fullMoonDesc","The entire face of the moon is illuminated. Bright and beautiful!","waningGibbous","Waning Gibbous","waningGibbousDesc","More than half of the moon is visible but shrinking.","lastQuarter","Last Quarter","lastQuarterDesc","Half of the moon is illuminated on the opposite side from First Quarter.","waningCrescent","Waning Crescent","waningCrescentDesc","A small sliver of the moon is visible and shrinking.","display",{"_8468":8469,"_8470":8471,"_8472":8473,"_8474":8475,"_8424":8425,"_8476":8477,"_8478":8479},"illumination","Illumination","lunarDay","Lunar Day","lunarDayValue","{{age}} / 29.5","upcomingPhases","Upcoming Phases","inDays","in {{count}} day","inDays_other","in {{count}} days",{"_166":8481,"_200":8482,"_8483":8484,"_8485":8486,"_8487":8488,"_8489":8490,"_8491":8492,"_8493":8494,"_8495":8496,"_8497":8498,"_8499":8500,"_7721":8501,"_8502":8503,"_8504":8505,"_8506":8507,"_8508":8509},"Understanding Moon Phases","The moon goes through eight distinct phases as it orbits Earth, completing a full cycle every 29.5 days (a lunar month). These phases are caused by the changing positions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun.","eightPhasesTitle","The Eight Moon Phases","phase1","New Moon 🌑: The moon is between Earth and the Sun. Not visible.","phase2","Waxing Crescent 🌒: A thin crescent appears and grows.","phase3","First Quarter 🌓: Half of the moon is illuminated (right side).","phase4","Waxing Gibbous 🌔: More than half is illuminated and growing.","phase5","Full Moon 🌕: The entire face is illuminated and visible.","phase6","Waning Gibbous 🌖: More than half is illuminated but shrinking.","phase7","Last Quarter 🌗: Half of the moon is illuminated (left side).","phase8","Waning Crescent 🌘: A thin crescent remains and shrinks.","Interesting Facts","fact1","A lunar cycle takes approximately 29.53 days","fact2","Full moons occur roughly every 29.5 days","fact3","The moon always shows the same face to Earth (tidal locking)","fact4","Moon phases affect ocean tides - highest during full and new moons","tools/mortgage-calculator",{"_166":8512,"_200":8513,"_136":8514,"_1065":8521,"_57":8553,"_989":8566,"_1235":8585},"Mortgage Calculator","Calculate your monthly mortgage payment including taxes, insurance, PMI, and HOA fees",{"_8515":8516,"_8517":8518,"_8519":8520},"home300k","$300K Home","home500k","$500K Home","year15","15-Year",{"_8522":8523,"_8524":8525,"_8526":8527,"_8528":8529,"_2600":2601,"_8530":8531,"_8532":8533,"_8534":8535,"_2598":8536,"_3479":3480,"_8537":8538,"_8539":8540,"_8541":8542,"_8543":8544,"_8545":8546,"_8547":8548,"_8549":8550,"_8551":8552},"homePrice","Home Price ($)","homePricePlaceholder","Enter home price","downPayment","Down Payment ($)","downPaymentPlaceholder","Enter down payment","term15","15 years","term20","20 years","term30","30 years","Interest Rate (%)","propertyTax","Property Tax ($/year)","propertyTaxPlaceholder","Annual property tax","homeInsurance","Home Insurance ($/year)","homeInsurancePlaceholder","Annual insurance","pmi","PMI ($/month) - Optional","pmiPlaceholder","Monthly PMI","hoa","HOA Fees ($/month) - Optional","hoaPlaceholder","Monthly HOA",{"_8554":8555,"_8556":8557,"_8558":8559,"_8537":8560,"_8541":8561,"_8562":8563,"_2594":8564,"_2609":2610,"_2617":8565},"totalMonthly","Total Monthly Payment","downInfo","Down payment: {{amount}} ({{percent}})","principalInterest","Principal & Interest","Property Tax","Home Insurance","hoaFees","HOA Fees","Loan Amount","Total Cost",{"_166":8567,"_200":8568,"_8569":8570,"_8558":8571,"_8572":8573,"_8537":8574,"_8575":8576,"_8541":8577,"_8578":8579,"_8580":8581,"_8562":8582,"_8583":8584},"How to Use This Mortgage Calculator","Enter your home price, down payment, and loan details to calculate your estimated monthly mortgage payment. Include property taxes, insurance, PMI, and HOA fees for a complete picture.","understandingTitle","Understanding Your Payment","Principal & Interest:","principalInterestDesc","Your main loan payment","Property Tax:","propertyTaxDesc","Annual taxes divided by 12 months","Home Insurance:","homeInsuranceDesc","Annual premium divided by 12 months","pmiDesc","Required if down payment is less than 20%","HOA Fees:","hoaFeesDesc","Homeowners association monthly dues",{"_509":8586},"Enter loan details to calculate mortgage","tools/multiplication-table-generator",{"_166":8589,"_200":8590,"_136":8591,"_1065":8598,"_8602":8603,"_8604":8605,"_8606":8607,"_8608":8609,"_989":8610},"Multiplication Table Generator","Generate and print multiplication tables",{"_8592":8593,"_8594":8595,"_8596":8597},"5times","5 Times Table","classic12","Classic 12×12","7upto20","7 up to 20",{"_7074":8599,"_8600":8601},"Number","upTo","Up to","printTable","Print Table","tableTitle","Multiplication Table for {{number}}","tableSubtitle","Times table from 1 to {{max}}","gridTitle","{{number}} × {{number}} Multiplication Grid",{"_166":8611,"_1275":8612,"_1004":8613,"_1006":8614,"_1008":8615,"_1467":8616,"_3521":8617,"_8618":8619,"_8620":8621,"_8622":8623,"_8624":8625,"_8626":8627,"_8628":8629,"_8630":8631,"_8632":8633,"_8634":8635,"_8636":8637,"_8638":8639,"_8640":8641,"_8642":8643,"_8644":8645,"_8646":8647,"_8648":8649},"Learning Multiplication","Tips for Learning","Start with smaller numbers (1-5) before moving to larger ones","Practice regularly - even 5-10 minutes daily helps","Look for patterns (e.g., all multiples of 5 end in 0 or 5)","Use skip counting (2, 4, 6, 8... for the 2 times table)","Master the easier tables (2, 5, 10) first","tricksTitle","Multiplication Tricks","trick2Label","×2:","trick2Text","Just double the number","trick5Label","×5:","trick5Text","Multiply by 10, then divide by 2","trick9Label","×9:","trick9Text","The digits in the answer always add up to 9 (until 10×9)","trick10Label","×10:","trick10Text","Just add a zero","trick11Label","×11:","trick11Text","For single digits, just repeat the digit (7×11=77)","whyTitle","Why Learn Multiplication?","why1","Essential foundation for division, fractions, and algebra","why2","Speeds up everyday calculations (shopping, cooking, etc.)","why3","Builds number sense and mathematical confidence","why4","Required for more advanced math and science","tools/name-generator",{"_166":8652,"_200":8653,"_136":8654,"_1065":8661,"_8668":8669,"_8682":8683,"_1073":8686,"_57":8689,"_989":8692},"Name Generator","Generate random names for any purpose",{"_8655":8656,"_8657":8658,"_8659":8660},"fullNames","Full Names","fantasyNames","Fantasy Names","businessNames","Business Names",{"_8662":8663,"_2039":2040,"_8664":8665,"_8666":8667},"nameType","Name Type","numberOfNames","Number of Names","numberOfNamesHelper","Generate 1-50 names at once","nameTypes",{"_8670":8671,"_8672":8673,"_8674":8675,"_8676":8677,"_8678":8679,"_8680":8681},"fullName","Full Name (First + Last)","firstNameOnly","First Name Only","lastNameOnly","Last Name Only","username","Username","fantasyName","Fantasy Name","businessName","Business Name","genders",{"_8684":8685,"_2010":2011,"_2012":2013},"any","Any",{"_8687":8688},"generateNames","Generate Names",{"_8690":8691,"_1085":1088},"generatedNames","Generated Names",{"_166":8693,"_1523":8694,"_8655":8695,"_8696":8697,"_8698":8699,"_8700":8701,"_8657":8702,"_8659":8703,"_4241":8704,"_4243":8705,"_4245":8706,"_4247":8707,"_4249":8708,"_8709":8710,"_8711":8712},"Name Generator Types","Available Name Types","Full Names: Realistic first and last name combinations. Perfect for character development, testing, or placeholder data.","firstNames","First Names: Generate just first names with gender options. Great for baby name ideas or character first names.","lastNames","Last Names: Common surnames from various backgrounds. Useful for completing character names or testing.","usernames","Usernames: Creative username combinations with adjectives, nouns, and numbers. Perfect for gaming or social media.","Fantasy Names: Mystical and magical names for fantasy characters, worlds, or role-playing games.","Business Names: Professional-sounding company names. Great for startups, projects, or brainstorming.","Use Cases","Character names for creative writing, novels, or screenplays","Baby name inspiration and ideas","Username generation for games or social media","Business name brainstorming","useCase5","Testing and placeholder data for applications","useCase6","Role-playing game character names","tools/normal-distribution-calculator",{"_166":8715,"_200":8716,"_1065":8717,"_1168":8726,"_57":8735,"_136":8741,"_1235":8747,"_1238":8749,"_989":8753},"Normal Distribution Calculator","Calculate probabilities and z-scores for normal distributions",{"_8718":1860,"_8719":1864,"_1145":31,"_4810":8720,"_8721":8722,"_8723":8724,"_8725":1856},"meanLabel","stdDevLabel","X value","x1Label","X₁ (lower)","x2Label","X₂ (upper)","probabilityLabel",{"_8727":8728,"_8729":8730,"_8731":8732,"_8733":8734},"lessThan","P(X < x)","greaterThan","P(X > x)","between","P(a < X < b)","zScore","Find X from P",{"_1851":1856,"_8733":8736,"_8737":8738,"_8739":8740},"Z-score","xValue","X value for given probability","distribution","Distribution Curve",{"_2770":8742,"_8743":8744,"_8745":8746},"Standard Normal","iq","IQ Scores","sat","SAT Scores",{"_1094":8748},"Enter values to calculate probabilities",{"_166":1240,"_8750":8751,"_8733":8752},"pdf","f(x) = (1/σ√2π) × e^(-(x-μ)²/2σ²)","z = (x - μ) / σ",{"_166":8754,"_200":8755,"_4281":4282,"_8756":8757,"_8758":8759,"_8760":8761,"_8762":8763,"_8764":8765,"_8766":8767,"_8768":8769},"About Normal Distribution Calculator","The normal (Gaussian) distribution is a continuous probability distribution that describes many natural phenomena. This calculator computes probabilities and percentiles.","prop1","Bell-shaped curve symmetric about the mean","prop2","Mean, median, and mode are all equal","prop3","Total area under the curve equals 1","empiricalTitle","Empirical Rule (68-95-99.7)","empirical1","68% of data within 1 standard deviation of mean","empirical2","95% of data within 2 standard deviations","empirical3","99.7% of data within 3 standard deviations","tools/number-base-converter",{"_166":8772,"_200":8773,"_136":8774,"_8783":8784,"_1065":8799,"_57":8806,"_438":8817,"_989":8828},"Number Base Converter","Convert numbers between binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal systems",{"_8775":8776,"_8777":8778,"_8779":8780,"_8781":8782},"decimal255","255 (dec)","binary1010","1010 (bin)","hexFF","FF (hex)","octal100","100 (oct)","bases",{"_8785":8786,"_8787":8788,"_8789":8790,"_8791":8792,"_1406":8793,"_8794":8795,"_8796":6217,"_8797":8798},"binary","Binary","binaryDesc","Base 2 (0-1)","octal","Octal","octalDesc","Base 8 (0-7)","Decimal","decimalDesc","Base 10 (0-9)","hexadecimal","hexadecimalDesc","Base 16 (0-9, A-F)",{"_8800":8801,"_8802":8803,"_8804":8805},"inputNumberSystem","Input Number System","enterNumber","Enter Number","enterNumberPlaceholder","Enter {{base}} number",{"_8807":8808,"_8809":8810,"_8811":8812,"_8813":8814,"_8815":8816},"decimalBase10","Decimal (Base 10)","binaryBase2","Binary (Base 2)","octalBase8","Octal (Base 8)","hexadecimalBase16","Hexadecimal (Base 16)","bitRepresentation","Bit representation: {{bits}} bits",{"_8818":8819,"_8820":8821,"_8822":8823,"_8824":8825,"_8826":8827},"invalidInput","Invalid input for {{base}} number system","binaryOnly","Binary numbers can only contain 0 and 1","octalOnly","Octal numbers can only contain digits 0-7","decimalOnly","Decimal numbers can only contain digits 0-9","hexOnly","Hexadecimal numbers can only contain 0-9 and A-F",{"_166":8829,"_200":8830,"_8831":8832,"_8785":8833,"_8789":8834,"_1406":8835,"_8796":8836,"_4241":2901,"_8837":8838,"_8839":8840,"_8841":8842,"_8843":8844},"Understanding Number Systems","Different number systems use different bases to represent values. The base determines how many unique digits are available.","systemsTitle","Number Systems Explained","Binary (Base 2): Uses 0 and 1. Common in computing and digital electronics. Each position represents a power of 2.","Octal (Base 8): Uses digits 0-7. Sometimes used in computing as a more compact representation than binary.","Decimal (Base 10): Uses digits 0-9. The standard number system used in everyday life.","Hexadecimal (Base 16): Uses 0-9 and A-F. Widely used in programming and computer science for representing colors, memory addresses, etc.","binaryUse","Binary: Computer logic, bit manipulation, network masks","octalUse","Octal: Unix file permissions (chmod)","decimalUse","Decimal: Everyday calculations","hexUse","Hexadecimal: Color codes (#FF5733), memory addresses, MAC addresses","tools/ohms-law-calculator",{"_166":8847,"_200":8848,"_1065":8849,"_2179":8859,"_2210":2210,"_57":8864,"_136":8867,"_1235":8874,"_1238":8876,"_989":8887},"Ohm's Law Calculator","Calculate voltage, current, resistance, and power using Ohm's Law",{"_2181":2180,"_8850":8851,"_2725":2726,"_7923":7924,"_7925":8852,"_2717":8853,"_2719":8854,"_8855":8856,"_8857":8858},"voltageLabel","Voltage (V)","Amps","Resistance (Ω)","Ohms","powerLabel","Power (W)","powerPlaceholder","Watts",{"_2750":8851,"_2752":8860,"_8861":8862,"_3299":8863},"Current (I)","resistance","Resistance (R)","Power (P)",{"_166":58,"_2750":2751,"_2752":2753,"_8861":8865,"_3299":8866},"Resistance","Power",{"_8868":8869,"_8870":8871,"_8872":8873},"led","LED Circuit","appliance","Appliance","battery","12V Battery",{"_1094":8875},"Enter at least two known values to calculate the result",{"_166":8877,"_2750":8878,"_2752":8879,"_8861":8880,"_8881":8882,"_8883":8884,"_8885":8886},"Ohm's Law Formulas","V = I × R","I = V / R","R = V / I","power1","P = V × I","power2","P = I² × R","power3","P = V² / R",{"_166":8888,"_200":8889,"_1260":1261,"_1262":8890,"_1264":8891,"_1266":8892,"_1268":8893,"_1275":1276,"_1004":8894,"_1006":8895},"About Ohm's Law Calculator","Ohm's Law describes the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in electrical circuits. This calculator also includes power calculations.","Voltage (V): Electrical potential difference measured in volts","Current (I): Rate of electron flow measured in amperes","Resistance (R): Opposition to current flow measured in ohms","Power (P): Energy per unit time measured in watts","Enter any two values to calculate the others","Results automatically scale to appropriate units (mA, kΩ, etc.)","tools/open-graph-preview",{"_166":8898,"_200":8899,"_136":8900,"_1065":8903,"_507":8916,"_1073":8923,"_8926":8927,"_989":8928},"Open Graph Preview","Preview how your page looks on social media",{"_7263":7264,"_8901":8902},"productPage","Product Page",{"_8133":8904,"_8135":8905,"_8906":8907,"_200":638,"_1679":8908,"_8909":8910,"_8156":8911,"_8158":8159,"_8912":8913,"_8152":8153,"_8154":8155,"_8914":8915,"_8150":8151},"Page Title","Your Page Title","pageTitleHelper","{{count}}/95 characters (recommended max)","A compelling description of your page...","descriptionHelper","{{count}}/300 characters","Image URL","imageUrlHelper","Recommended: 1200x630 pixels","siteName","Site Name",{"_8917":8918,"_8919":8920,"_8133":8904,"_8921":8922},"facebookLinkedin","📘 Facebook / LinkedIn Preview","twitterX","𝕏 Twitter/X Preview","pageDescription","Page description will appear here...",{"_8924":8925},"copyTags","Copy Tags","metaTags",{"_166":8166},{"_166":8929,"_8930":8931,"_8932":8933,"_8934":8935,"_8936":8937,"_8938":8939,"_8940":8941,"_8942":8943,"_8944":8945,"_8946":8947,"_8948":8949,"_8950":8951,"_8952":8953,"_8954":8955,"_8956":8957},"Open Graph Best Practices","imageGuidelinesTitle","Image Guidelines","imageSize","Size: 1200x630 pixels (1.91:1 ratio)","imageFormat","Format: JPG, PNG, or WebP","imageFileSize","File size: Under 8MB","imageContent","Keep important content in the center (cropping varies)","titleDescriptionTitle","Title & Description","titleLength","Title: 40-60 characters ideal, max 95","descriptionLength","Description: 100-200 characters ideal, max 300","includeKeywords","Include keywords naturally","compelling","Make it compelling and actionable","testingTipsTitle","Testing Tips","facebookDebugger","Use Facebook's Sharing Debugger to validate","twitterValidator","Twitter Card Validator for Twitter preview","clearCache","Clear cache after updating tags","tools/osmotic-pressure-calculator",{"_166":8960,"_200":8961,"_1065":8962,"_57":8972,"_1201":8977,"_361":8985,"_136":9002,"_1235":9009,"_1238":9011,"_989":9026},"Osmotic Pressure Calculator","Calculate osmotic pressure using the van't Hoff equation for solutions",{"_8963":8964,"_8965":8966,"_8967":8968,"_8969":8970,"_8339":8340,"_8971":8342,"_4920":6425},"soluteLabel","Common Solutes","customSolute","Custom van't Hoff Factor","vanHoffLabel","van't Hoff Factor (i)","vanHoffHint","Number of particles per formula unit","molarityHint",{"_166":8973,"_8974":8975,"_8349":8976,"_6424":6425},"Osmotic Pressure","vanHoff","van't Hoff Factor","Molarity",{"_8978":8979,"_8980":6431,"_8981":8982,"_8983":8984},"atm","Pressure (atm)","kPa","mmHg","Pressure (mmHg)","pa","Pressure (Pa)",{"_166":8986,"_8987":8988,"_8989":8990,"_8785":8991,"_8992":8993,"_8994":8995,"_8996":8997,"_8998":8999,"_9000":9001},"van't Hoff Factor Reference","nonElectrolytes","Non-electrolytes","nonElectrolytesExamples","Glucose, Sucrose, Urea","Binary electrolytes","binaryExamples","NaCl, KCl, HCl","ternary","Ternary electrolytes","ternaryExamples","CaCl₂, Na₂SO₄, MgCl₂","quaternary","Quaternary electrolytes","quaternaryExamples","AlCl₃, FeCl₃",{"_9003":9004,"_9005":9006,"_9007":9008},"saline","Saline (0.9%)","glucose","5% Glucose","cacl2","CaCl₂ Solution",{"_1094":9010},"Enter values to calculate osmotic pressure",{"_166":9012,"_9013":9014,"_9015":9016,"_4715":5858,"_9017":9018,"_9019":9020,"_3822":9021,"_9022":9023,"_9024":9025},"van't Hoff Equation","vantHoff","π = iMRT","gasConstant","R = 0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K)","pi","π = osmotic pressure","i","i = van't Hoff factor (ionization factor)","M = molarity (mol/L)","r","R = gas constant","t","T = temperature (K)",{"_166":9027,"_200":9028,"_4790":4888,"_4791":9029,"_4793":9030,"_4795":9031,"_1260":1261,"_1262":9032,"_1264":9033},"About Osmotic Pressure Calculator","Osmotic pressure is the pressure required to prevent osmosis across a semipermeable membrane. It depends on the concentration of solute particles and temperature.","Determining molar mass of unknown compounds","Calculating IV solution concentrations in medicine","Water purification by reverse osmosis","The van't Hoff factor (i) accounts for dissociation of electrolytes","Ideal behavior is assumed - real solutions may deviate at high concentrations","tools/palette-generator",{"_166":9036,"_200":9037,"_136":9038,"_222":9045,"_1065":9052,"_9059":9060,"_1073":9073,"_8466":9082,"_989":9087},"Palette Generator","Generate harmonious color palettes",{"_9039":9040,"_9041":9042,"_9043":9044},"oceanBlues","Ocean Blues","sunset","Sunset","vibrant","Vibrant",{"_9046":9047,"_9048":9049,"_9050":9051},"generateFromBase","Generate from Base Color","extractFromImage","Extract from Image","generatedPalette","Generated Palette",{"_9053":9054,"_9055":9056,"_9057":9058},"baseColor","Base Color","baseColorPlaceholder","#3B82F6","harmonyType","Harmony Type","harmonyTypes",{"_9061":9062,"_9063":9064,"_9065":9066,"_9067":9068,"_9069":9070,"_9071":9072},"monochromatic","Monochromatic","analogous","Analogous","complementary","Complementary","triadic","Triadic","tetradic","Tetradic","splitComplementary","Split Complementary",{"_9074":9075,"_6468":6469,"_9076":9077,"_9078":9079,"_9080":9081},"generateHarmony","Generate Harmony","copyHex","Copy HEX","copyRgb","Copy RGB","copyHsl","Copy HSL",{"_9083":9084,"_3263":9085,"_3265":9086},"clickToCopyHex","Click to copy HEX","RGB: {{r}}, {{g}}, {{b}}","HSL: {{h}}°, {{s}}%, {{l}}%",{"_166":9088,"_8569":9089,"_9061":9090,"_9063":9091,"_9065":9092,"_9067":9093,"_9069":9094,"_9071":9095,"_1275":1276,"_1004":9096,"_1006":9097,"_1008":9098,"_1467":9099},"Color Harmony Types","Understanding Color Harmonies","Monochromatic: Uses variations in lightness and saturation of a single color. Creates a cohesive, elegant look.","Analogous: Uses colors adjacent on the color wheel (within 30°). Creates a serene and comfortable design.","Complementary: Uses colors opposite on the color wheel (180° apart). Creates high contrast and vibrant looks.","Triadic: Uses three colors evenly spaced around the color wheel (120° apart). Creates vibrant, balanced designs.","Tetradic: Uses four colors arranged in two complementary pairs. Offers plenty of variety while maintaining balance.","Split Complementary: Uses a base color and two colors adjacent to its complement. Provides contrast while being more subtle than complementary.","Start with a base color that represents your brand or design mood","Use monochromatic schemes for minimalist, professional designs","Use complementary colors to make elements stand out","Extract colors from inspiration images to maintain consistency","tools/partial-fractions-calculator",{"_166":9102,"_200":9103,"_1065":9104,"_110":9112,"_57":9115,"_1235":9130,"_1238":9132,"_989":9140},"Partial Fractions Calculator","Decompose rational functions into partial fractions for integration",{"_9105":9106,"_5405":9107,"_9108":9109,"_9110":9111},"numeratorLabel","Numerator Coefficients","e.g., 1, 0 for x","numeratorHint","Enter coefficients from highest to lowest power (comma separated)","factorsLabel","Denominator Factors (ax + b)^n",{"_9113":9114,"_28":29},"addFactor","Add Factor",{"_1428":9116,"_9117":9118,"_9119":9120,"_9121":9122,"_9123":9124,"_9125":9126,"_9127":4434,"_9128":9129},"Original Expression","decomposition","Partial Fraction Decomposition","graph","Function Graph","curve","Function","asymptotes","Asymptotes","verification","Verification","originalValue","decomposedValue","Decomposed",{"_1094":9131},"Enter numerator and denominator factors to decompose",{"_166":9133,"_9134":9135,"_9136":9137,"_9138":9139},"Partial Fractions Decomposition","distinct","P(x)/[(x-a)(x-b)] = A/(x-a) + B/(x-b)","repeated","P(x)/(x-a)² = A/(x-a) + B/(x-a)²","coverup","Use cover-up method: A = P(a)/Q'(a)",{"_166":9141,"_200":9142,"_4790":4888,"_4791":9143,"_4793":9144,"_4795":9145},"About Partial Fractions Calculator","Partial fraction decomposition breaks down complex rational functions into simpler fractions that can be more easily integrated or analyzed.","Integration of rational functions","Inverse Laplace transforms","Solving differential equations","tools/password-generator",{"_166":9148,"_200":9149,"_136":9150,"_1065":9156,"_1073":9164,"_438":9166,"_989":9169},"Password Generator","Generate secure random passwords",{"_3665":9151,"_9152":9153,"_9154":9155},"Strong Password","pin","PIN Code","simple","Simple Password",{"_2817":9157,"_9158":9159,"_9160":9161,"_8221":9162,"_5014":9163},"Password Length: {{length}}","uppercase","Include Uppercase (A-Z)","lowercase","Include Lowercase (a-z)","Include Numbers (0-9)","Include Symbols (!@#$%...)",{"_34":9165},"Generate Password",{"_9167":9168},"noCharType","Please select at least one character type",{"_166":9170,"_1004":9171,"_1006":9172,"_1008":9173,"_1467":9174},"Password Security Tips","Use at least 12-16 characters for strong security","Include a mix of uppercase, lowercase, numbers, and symbols","Never reuse passwords across different accounts","Use a password manager to store passwords securely","tools/password-strength-checker",{"_166":9177,"_200":9178,"_136":9179,"_1065":9184,"_9193":9194,"_57":9205,"_9225":9226,"_989":9247},"Password Strength Checker","Check password strength and get security recommendations",{"_3651":9180,"_9181":9182,"_3665":9151,"_3709":9183},"Weak Password","fair","Fair Password","Very Strong (Passphrase)",{"_9185":9186,"_2883":9187,"_9188":9189,"_9190":9191,"_5197":9192},"passwordLabel","Enter Password to Test","Enter your password...","show","Show","hide","Hide","Your password is never sent to a server - all checks happen in your browser","crackTime",{"_9195":9196,"_9197":9198,"_9199":9200,"_9201":9202,"_9203":9204},"instantly","Instantly","minutesToHours","Minutes to hours","hoursToDays","Hours to days","monthsToYears","Months to years","centuries","Centuries",{"_9206":9207,"_9193":9208,"_9209":9210,"_9211":9212,"_9213":9214,"_9215":9216,"_9217":9218,"_9219":9220,"_9221":9222,"_9223":9224},"strengthScore","Strength Score","Estimated crack time:","requirements","Requirements","req12chars","12+ characters","reqLowercase","Lowercase (a-z)","reqUppercase","Uppercase (A-Z)","reqNumbers","Numbers (0-9)","reqSpecial","Special (!@#$)","reqNotCommon","Not common","recommendations","Recommendations","feedback",{"_9227":9228,"_9229":9230,"_9231":9232,"_9233":9234,"_9235":9236,"_9237":9238,"_9239":9240,"_9241":9242,"_9243":9244,"_9245":9246},"tooShort","Password should be at least 8 characters (12+ recommended)","goodLength","Good length, but 12+ characters is more secure","addLowercase","Add lowercase letters (a-z)","addUppercase","Add uppercase letters (A-Z)","addNumbers","Add numbers (0-9)","addSpecial","Add special characters (!@#$%^&*)","commonPattern","This password contains common patterns - easily guessed","sequential","Avoid sequential characters (abc, 123, qwerty)","repeating","Avoid repeating characters (aaa, 111)","excellent","Excellent password! Keep it secure and unique.",{"_166":9248,"_7322":9249,"_9250":9251,"_9252":9253,"_9254":9255,"_9256":9257,"_9258":9259,"_9260":9261,"_9262":9263,"_9264":9265,"_9266":9267,"_9268":9269,"_9270":9271,"_9272":9273,"_9274":9275,"_9276":9277,"_9278":9279,"_9280":9281,"_9282":9283,"_9284":9285,"_9286":9287,"_9288":9289,"_9290":9291,"_9292":9293,"_9294":9295,"_9296":9297},"How to Create Strong Passwords","Password Best Practices","practice1Label","Length matters most:","practice1Text","Aim for 12+ characters (16+ is even better)","practice2Label","Use variety:","practice2Text","Mix uppercase, lowercase, numbers, and symbols","practice3Label","Avoid common words:","practice3Text","Don't use dictionary words, names, or dates","practice4Label","No patterns:","practice4Text","Avoid keyboard patterns (qwerty) or sequences (abc123)","practice5Label","Unique per account:","practice5Text","Never reuse passwords across sites","practice6Label","Use a password manager:","practice6Text","Let it generate and store complex passwords","passphraseTitle","Passphrase Strategy","passphraseIntro","Consider using a passphrase - multiple random words joined together:","passphraseExample","Example: \"correct-horse-battery-staple-2024\"","passphraseTip1","Easier to remember than random characters","passphraseTip2","Still very secure due to length","passphraseTip3","Add numbers and symbols for extra strength","avoidTitle","What to Avoid","avoid1","Personal information (name, birthday, phone number)","avoid2","Common substitutions (P@ssw0rd, L3tm31n)","avoid3","Simple patterns or keyboard walks","avoid4","Short passwords under 8 characters","avoid5","Using the same password everywhere","tools/pay-stub-generator",{"_166":9300,"_200":9301,"_136":9302,"_222":9313,"_1065":9330,"_1073":9377,"_9383":9384,"_989":9405},"Pay Stub Generator","Generate professional pay stubs",{"_9303":9304,"_9305":9306,"_9307":9308,"_5456":9309,"_9310":7023,"_9311":9312},"hourlyEmployee","Hourly Employee","hourlyEmployeeCompany","Acme Corporation","hourlyEmployeeEmployee","John Doe","Full-Time","fullTimeCompany","fullTimeEmployee","Jane Smith",{"_9314":9315,"_9316":9317,"_9318":9319,"_9320":9321,"_9322":9323,"_9324":9325,"_9326":9327,"_9328":9329},"companyInformation","Company Information","employeeInformation","Employee Information","payPeriod","Pay Period","earnings","Earnings","deductions","Deductions","yearToDateTotals","Year to Date Totals","employee","Employee","yearToDate","Year to Date",{"_7053":1643,"_9331":9306,"_9332":9333,"_9334":9335,"_9336":9337,"_9338":9308,"_9339":9340,"_9341":9342,"_9343":9344,"_9345":9346,"_9347":9348,"_9349":9350,"_9351":9352,"_5480":9353,"_9354":9355,"_9356":9357,"_9358":9359,"_9360":9361,"_9362":9363,"_9364":9365,"_9366":9367,"_9368":3992,"_9369":9370,"_9371":9372,"_9373":9374,"_9375":9376},"companyNamePlaceholder","companyAddress","Company Address","companyAddressPlaceholder","123 Business St, City, State 12345","employeeName","Employee Name","employeeNamePlaceholder","employeeAddress","Employee Address","employeeAddressPlaceholder","456 Worker Ave, City, State 12345","employeeId","Employee ID","employeeIdPlaceholder","EMP-001","periodStart","Period Start","periodEnd","Period End","payDate","Pay Date","Hourly Rate","hourlyRatePlaceholder","25.00","regularHours","Regular Hours","regularHoursPlaceholder","80","overtimeHours","Overtime Hours","overtimeHoursPlaceholder","0","deductionName","Name","deductionNamePlaceholder","Federal Tax","deductionAmount","deductionAmountPlaceholder","0.00","deductionYtd","YTD","ytdGrossPay","YTD Gross Pay","ytdNetPay","YTD Net Pay",{"_9378":9379,"_9380":9381,"_28":9382},"addDeduction","+ Add Deduction","printPayStub","🖨️ Print Pay Stub","×","payStub",{"_9385":1643,"_9386":9337,"_9387":9388,"_9389":9390,"_9391":9392,"_9393":9394,"_9395":9396,"_9397":9398,"_9399":9400,"_9401":9402,"_9403":9404},"companyNameDefault","employeeNameDefault","employeeIdLabel","ID: {{id}}","payPeriodDates","{{start}} - {{end}}","payDateLabel","Pay Date: {{date}}","regularPay","Regular Pay ({{hours}} hrs @ {{rate}}/hr)","overtimePay","Overtime Pay ({{hours}} hrs @ {{rate}}/hr)","grossPay","Gross Pay","totalDeductions","Total Deductions","netPay","Net Pay","ytdLabel","{{name}} YTD",{"_166":9406,"_8569":9407,"_9397":9408,"_9401":9409,"_9410":9411,"_9356":9412,"_9413":9414,"_9415":9416,"_5494":9417,"_9418":9419,"_9420":9421,"_9422":9423,"_5230":9424},"Pay Stub Information","Understanding Your Pay Stub","Gross Pay: Total earnings before any deductions are taken out","Net Pay: Take-home pay after all deductions (taxes, insurance, etc.)","ytd","YTD (Year to Date): Total earnings and deductions from January 1st to the current pay period","Regular Hours: Standard working hours (typically up to 40 per week)","overtime","Overtime: Hours worked beyond regular hours, usually paid at 1.5x rate","commonDeductionsTitle","Common Deductions","Income taxes (federal, state/provincial, local)","socialContributions","Social insurance contributions (pension, unemployment)","healthInsurance","Health insurance premiums","retirement","Retirement savings contributions","Other deductions (union dues, garnishments, etc.)","tools/pdf-compressor",{"_166":9427,"_200":9428,"_1514":9429,"_1073":9444,"_569":9449,"_989":9455},"PDF Compressor","Compress PDF files to reduce file size",{"_9430":9431,"_9432":9433,"_9434":9435,"_9436":9437,"_9438":9439,"_9440":9441,"_9442":9443},"selectPdfFile","Select PDF File","clickToBrowse","Click to browse or drag and drop your PDF file here","pleaseSelectPdf","Please select a PDF file","originalSize","Original size: {{size}}","compressing","Compressing...","compressPdf","Compress PDF","compressionFailed","Failed to compress PDF. The file might be corrupted or encrypted.",{"_28":9382,"_9445":9446,"_9447":9448},"downloadCompressed","Download Compressed PDF","compressAnother","Compress Another",{"_9436":9450,"_9451":9452,"_5001":5002,"_9453":9454},"Original Size","compressedSize","Compressed Size","reductionValue","{{percent}}%",{"_166":9456,"_2940":227,"_2941":9457,"_9458":9459,"_9460":9461,"_9462":9463,"_9464":9465,"_9466":9467,"_9468":9469,"_9470":9471,"_9472":9473,"_9474":9475,"_9476":9477},"About PDF Compression","This tool compresses PDFs by removing unnecessary metadata and optimizing the file structure. All processing happens in your browser - your files are never uploaded to a server.","compressionResultsTitle","Compression Results","textHeavy","Text-heavy PDFs: 10-30% reduction typical","scanned","Scanned documents: 5-15% reduction typical","imageHeavy","Image-heavy PDFs: 5-20% reduction typical","alreadyCompressed","Already compressed PDFs: Minimal or no reduction","privacyTitle","Privacy & Security","privacy1","All processing happens locally in your browser","privacy2","No files are uploaded to any server","privacy3","Your data never leaves your device","privacy4","Safe for sensitive documents","tools/pdf-merger",{"_166":9480,"_200":9481,"_1073":9482,"_1514":9489,"_9498":9499,"_1096":9509,"_989":9514},"PDF Merger","Combine multiple PDF files into one",{"_9483":9484,"_28":29,"_9485":9486,"_9487":9488},"addPdfFiles","+ Add PDF Files","mergePdfs","Merge PDFs","merging","Merging...",{"_9490":9491,"_9492":9493,"_9494":9495,"_9496":9497},"someFilesSkipped","Some files were not PDFs and were skipped","atLeast2Files","Please add at least 2 PDF files to merge","failedToMerge","Failed to merge {{filename}}. It might be corrupted or encrypted.","mergeFailed","Failed to merge PDFs","fileList",{"_166":9500,"_9501":9502,"_773":773,"_9503":9504,"_18":19,"_9505":9506,"_9507":9508},"Files to Merge ({{count}})","totalPages","Total: {{count}} pages","page_other","pages","upArrow","▲","downArrow","▼",{"_9510":9511,"_9512":9513},"noPdfsSelected","No PDFs Selected","clickToSelect","Click \"Add PDF Files\" to select multiple PDFs to merge",{"_166":9515,"_5428":9516,"_1036":9517,"_1038":9518,"_1040":9519,"_1948":9520,"_3108":3109,"_3958":9521,"_3960":9522,"_3962":9523,"_3964":9524,"_9468":9469,"_9470":9525,"_9472":9526,"_9474":9527,"_9476":9528},"How to Merge PDFs","Steps","Click \"Add PDF Files\" and select 2 or more PDF files","Use the ▲ ▼ buttons to reorder the files","Click \"Merge PDFs\" to combine them into one file","The merged PDF will automatically download","Merge unlimited PDF files","Reorder files by dragging or using arrow buttons","See page count for each PDF","All processing happens in your browser (private & secure)","All files are processed locally in your browser","No uploads to any server","Your documents never leave your device","Safe for confidential documents","tools/pdf-page-counter",{"_166":9531,"_200":9532,"_1073":9533,"_57":9536,"_438":9546,"_1096":9551,"_989":9554},"PDF Page Counter","Count pages in PDF files",{"_9534":9535,"_5707":5708,"_28":9382},"selectPdfFiles","+ Select PDF Files",{"_166":9537,"_9538":9539,"_9501":9540,"_9541":9542,"_9543":9544,"_773":773,"_9503":9504,"_6624":9545},"Results ({{count}} file)","title_other","Results ({{count}} files)","Total Pages","across","across {{count}} file","across_other","across {{count}} files","{{size}} KB",{"_9547":9548,"_9549":9550},"couldNotCount","Could not count pages (encrypted or invalid PDF)","failedToRead","Failed to read PDF",{"_9510":9511,"_9552":9553},"selectToCount","Select one or more PDF files to count their pages",{"_166":9555,"_2940":227,"_2941":9556,"_3108":3109,"_3958":9557,"_3960":9558,"_3962":9559,"_3964":9560,"_4241":8704,"_4243":9561,"_4245":9562,"_4247":9563,"_4249":9564,"_9468":9469,"_9470":9525,"_9472":9526,"_9474":9527,"_9476":9528},"About PDF Page Counting","This tool reads the internal structure of PDF files to accurately count the number of pages. All processing happens in your browser - your files are never uploaded anywhere.","Count pages in multiple PDFs at once","See total page count across all files","Works with large PDF files","Fast and accurate page counting","Check document length before printing","Verify PDF merge results","Calculate printing costs","Organize and catalog PDF documents","tools/pdf-splitter",{"_166":9567,"_200":9568,"_6858":9569,"_438":9573,"_1065":9583,"_1073":9592,"_315":9598,"_989":9600},"PDF Splitter","Extract specific pages from a PDF file",{"_6860":9570,"_9571":9572},"Click to select a PDF file","fileInfo","{{pages}} pages • Click to change file",{"_9574":9435,"_9575":9576,"_9577":9578,"_9579":9580,"_9581":9582},"notPdf","readFailed","Failed to read PDF. The file may be corrupted or encrypted.","invalidPages","Please enter valid page numbers","splitFailed","Failed to split PDF. Please try again.","extractFailed","Failed to extract pages. Please try again.",{"_9584":9585,"_9586":9587,"_9588":9589,"_9590":9591},"pageRange","Page Range","pageRangePlaceholder","e.g., 1-3, 5, 7-10","rangeHelper","Enter pages to extract (1-{{max}}). Use commas and ranges.","selected","Selected: {{count}} pages ({{pages}})",{"_5199":9593,"_9594":9595,"_9596":9597},"Processing...","extract","Extract {{count}} Pages","extractAll","Extract All ({{count}})",{"_166":9599,"_1094":6873},"Privacy",{"_166":9601,"_6998":8332,"_1028":9602,"_1030":9603,"_1889":9604,"_9605":9606,"_1275":1276,"_1004":9607,"_1006":9608,"_1008":9609},"Page Range Format","Pages 1 through 5","Pages 1, 3, and 5","Pages 1-3 and 7-10","example4","Just page 5","Use \"Extract All\" to save each page as a separate PDF","Page numbers are 1-based (first page is 1)","Invalid page numbers are automatically filtered out","tools/pdf-to-image",{"_166":9612,"_200":9613,"_9614":9570,"_9571":9615,"_6626":6627,"_6517":9616,"_9617":9618,"_9619":9620,"_9621":9622,"_9623":9624,"_9625":9626,"_773":9626,"_24":25,"_5265":6872,"_9627":6873,"_438":9628,"_989":9631},"PDF to Image","Convert PDF pages to PNG or JPG images","selectFile","{{count}} pages • Click to change file","Quality (Scale: {{scale}}x)","converting","Converting...","convertButton","Convert {{count}} Pages to Images","convertedImages","Converted Images ({{count}})","downloadAll","Download All","pageAlt","Page {{number}}","privacyText",{"_6750":9435,"_9549":9576,"_9629":9630},"failedToConvert","Failed to convert PDF. Please try again.",{"_166":9632,"_8325":9633,"_9634":9635,"_9636":9637,"_9638":9639,"_9640":9641,"_9642":9643,"_9644":9645},"Image Options","Format Comparison","pngDesc","Lossless quality, larger files, supports transparency","jpgDesc","Smaller files, slight quality loss, better for photos","scaleTitle","Scale/Quality","scale1x","Fastest, smallest files, lower resolution","scale2x","Good balance of quality and size (default)","scale4x","Highest quality, largest files, best for printing","tools/pdf-to-text-extractor",{"_166":9648,"_200":9649,"_1073":9650,"_1514":9659,"_438":9667,"_5201":9676,"_569":9681,"_989":9682},"PDF to Text Extractor","Extract text content from PDF files",{"_9651":9652,"_9653":9654,"_9655":9656,"_20":9657,"_24":9658},"choosePdfFile","📁 Choose PDF File","tryAnotherFile","Try Another File","extractFromAnother","📝 Extract From Another PDF","📋 Copy","💾 Download",{"_5197":9660,"_9661":9662,"_9663":9664,"_9665":9666},"Your PDF is processed locally - never uploaded to any server","extracting","Extracting text from PDF...","uploadToExtract","Upload a PDF to extract its text","worksWithTextBased","Works with text-based PDFs",{"_9434":9668,"_9669":9670,"_9549":9671,"_9672":9673,"_9674":9675},"Please select a valid PDF file","couldNotExtract","Could not extract text. The PDF may be image-based or encrypted.","Failed to read PDF file","unableToExtract","Unable to extract text. The PDF may be image-based, encrypted, or use complex formatting.","errorNote","Note: This tool works best with text-based PDFs. For image-based or scanned PDFs, you would need OCR (Optical Character Recognition) technology.",{"_166":9677,"_569":9678,"_9679":9680},"Text Extracted Successfully!","{{fileName}} • {{characters}} characters • {{words}} words","extractedText","Extracted Text",{"_1586":2886,"_2889":2890,"_2895":2896},{"_166":9683,"_2940":227,"_2941":9684,"_9685":9686,"_9687":9688,"_9689":9690,"_9691":9692,"_7003":7004,"_9693":9694,"_9695":9696,"_9697":9698,"_9699":9700,"_4241":2901,"_4243":9701,"_4245":9702,"_4247":9703,"_4249":9704,"_8709":9705},"About PDF Text Extraction","This tool analyzes the internal structure of your PDF file and extracts readable text. The process happens entirely in your browser - your PDF is never uploaded to any server.","whatCanBeExtractedTitle","What Can Be Extracted","textBasedPdfs","Text-based PDFs: PDFs created from Word docs, websites, or typed text","digitalDocuments","Digital documents: E-books, reports, articles with selectable text","formData","Form data: Text entered in fillable PDF forms","scannedDocuments","Scanned documents: Images of text require OCR (not included)","complexLayouts","Complex layouts: Tables and multi-column text may not preserve formatting","encryptedPdfs","Encrypted PDFs: Password-protected files cannot be processed","images","Images: Pictures and graphics are not extracted","Copy quotes or excerpts from PDF documents","Convert PDF content for editing in word processors","Extract data for analysis or research","Create searchable text archives","Analyze document content without proprietary software","tools/pendulum-period-calculator",{"_166":9708,"_200":9709,"_1065":9710,"_2179":9719,"_57":9724,"_110":9730,"_136":9731,"_1235":9736,"_1238":9738,"_989":9744},"Pendulum Period Calculator","Calculate period, frequency, length, or gravity for a simple pendulum",{"_2181":2180,"_1157":1158,"_9711":9712,"_2313":2314,"_9713":9714,"_9715":9716,"_9717":9718},"periodLabel","Period (s)","amplitudeLabel","Amplitude (degrees)","amplitudePlaceholder","Optional","amplitudeHint","For large angle correction",{"_9720":9721,"_2817":9722,"_5547":9723},"period","Period (T)","Length (L)","Gravity (g)",{"_9720":9721,"_6001":9725,"_2817":9722,"_5547":9723,"_9726":9727,"_9728":9729},"Frequency (f)","angularFrequency","Angular Frequency","animation","Pendulum Animation",{"_73":74,"_75":76},{"_3821":9732,"_3056":9733,"_9734":9735},"1 meter","Clock (0.25m)","foucault","Foucault (67m)",{"_1094":9737},"Enter valid values to calculate",{"_166":1240,"_9720":9739,"_6001":9740,"_9741":9742,"_1324":9743},"T = 2π√(L/g)","f = 1/T","angular","ω = 2πf","Valid for small angles (<15°). For larger amplitudes, period increases slightly.",{"_166":9745,"_200":9746,"_1260":1261,"_1262":9747,"_1264":9748,"_1266":9749,"_4790":4888,"_4791":9750,"_4793":9751,"_4795":9752},"About Pendulum Period Calculator","A simple pendulum consists of a mass suspended from a fixed point that swings back and forth under gravity. The period depends only on the length and gravitational acceleration.","Period is independent of mass and amplitude (for small angles)","Longer pendulums have longer periods","Higher gravity means shorter periods","Grandfather clocks and timekeeping","Measuring local gravitational acceleration","Foucault pendulum demonstrates Earth's rotation","tools/percentage-finder",{"_166":9755,"_200":9756,"_136":9757,"_9764":9765,"_1065":9783,"_57":9804,"_989":9811},"Percentage Calculator","Calculate percentages, increases, decreases, and more",{"_9758":9759,"_9760":9761,"_9762":9763},"20percentOf150","20% of 150","30isPercentOf150","30 is % of 150","100to150change","100 to 150 change","calculationTypes",{"_166":9766,"_9767":9768,"_9769":9770,"_9771":9772,"_9773":9774,"_9775":9776,"_9777":9778,"_9779":9780,"_9781":9782},"Choose Calculation Type","whatIsXOfY","What is X% of Y?","whatIsXOfYDesc","Find percentage of a number","xIsWhatOfY","X is what % of Y?","xIsWhatOfYDesc","Find what percentage one number is of another","xIsYOfWhat","X is Y% of what?","xIsYOfWhatDesc","Find the whole from a part","percentageChange","Percentage Change","percentageChangeDesc","Calculate increase or decrease",{"_2128":9784,"_9785":9786,"_9787":9788,"_9789":1798,"_9790":9791,"_9792":1776,"_9793":9794,"_9795":1798,"_9796":9797,"_9798":9799,"_9800":1788,"_9801":9802,"_9803":1794},"Percentage (%)","percentagePlaceholder","25","ofNumber","Of Number","ofNumberPlaceholder","partX","Part (X)","partXPlaceholder","wholeY","Whole (Y)","wholeYPlaceholder","percentageY","Percentage (Y%)","oldValue","Old Value","oldValuePlaceholder","newValue","New Value","newValuePlaceholder",{"_55":56,"_9805":9806,"_9807":9808,"_9809":9810},"increase","Increase","decrease","Decrease","noChange","No Change",{"_166":9812,"_9813":9814,"_845":9815,"_9816":9817,"_230":9818,"_1871":9819},"Common Percentage Calculations","shopping","• Shopping: Calculate discounts and savings (20% off $100 = $20 discount)","• Finance: Calculate interest rates, returns, and growth","grades","• Grades: Convert test scores to percentages (45/50 = 90%)","• Tips: Calculate restaurant tips (15% of $50 = $7.50)","• Statistics: Express data as percentages for analysis","tools/percentile-calculator",{"_166":9822,"_200":9823,"_1065":9824,"_110":9828,"_9833":9834,"_9838":9839,"_9843":9844,"_569":9860,"_9863":9864,"_9868":9869,"_438":9875,"_989":9883,"_1235":9890},"Percentile Calculator","Calculate percentiles, percentile ranks, and analyze data distributions",{"_9825":9826,"_5069":9827},"dataLabel","Data (comma or space separated)","e.g., 45, 67, 89, 34, 78, 90, 23, 56, 71, 82",{"_9829":9830,"_9831":9832},"analyze","Analyze Data","find","Find","findValue",{"_166":9835,"_2883":9836,"_55":9837},"Find Value at Percentile","0-100","Value at {{p}}th percentile","findRank",{"_166":9840,"_2883":9841,"_55":9842},"Find Percentile Rank","Enter value","Percentile Rank","fiveNumber",{"_166":9845,"_9846":9847,"_1047":9848,"_9849":9850,"_1963":9851,"_9852":9853,"_9854":9855,"_9856":9857,"_9858":9859},"Five-Number Summary","min","Min","Q1 (25th)","median","Median","Q3 (75th)","max","Max","iqr","IQR","lowerFence","Lower Fence","upperFence","Upper Fence",{"_166":3696,"_1859":3558,"_3559":3560,"_9861":9862},"range","Range","commonPercentiles",{"_166":9865,"_9866":9867,"_7485":7486},"Common Percentiles","percentile","Percentile","outliers",{"_166":9870,"_9871":9872,"_9873":9874},"Outliers (IQR Method)","mild","Mild Outliers (1.5 × IQR)","extreme","Extreme Outliers (3 × IQR)",{"_9876":9877,"_9878":9879,"_9880":9881,"_7524":9882},"minData","Please enter at least 2 numbers","analyzeFirst","Please analyze data first","invalidPercentile","Please enter a percentile between 0 and 100","Please enter a valid value",{"_166":9884,"_200":9885,"_1260":1261,"_1262":9886,"_1264":9887,"_1266":9888,"_1268":9889},"About Percentile Calculator","Calculate percentiles and percentile ranks from your data set. Analyze distributions with five-number summary, descriptive statistics, and outlier detection.","A percentile indicates the value below which a given percentage of observations fall","The percentile rank of a score is the percentage of scores equal to or lower than it","Quartiles divide data into four equal parts: Q1 (25th), Q2/Median (50th), Q3 (75th)","IQR (Interquartile Range) = Q3 - Q1, used to identify outliers",{"_509":9891},"Enter data to calculate percentiles","tools/permutation-combination-calculator",{"_166":9894,"_200":9895,"_1065":9896,"_1168":9903,"_9910":9911,"_1867":2855,"_1199":1200,"_9912":9913,"_2283":9917,"_136":9927,"_1235":9933,"_1238":9934,"_989":9942},"Permutation & Combination Calculator","Calculate factorial, permutations (nPr), and combinations (nCr) with visualization",{"_9897":31,"_9898":9899,"_3140":9900,"_9901":9902},"calculateLabel","nLabel","n (total items)","r (items to choose)","allowRepetition","Allow repetition",{"_9904":9905,"_9906":9907,"_9908":9909},"factorial","Factorial (n!)","permutation","Permutation (nPr)","combination","Combination (nCr)","withRepetition","with repetition","comparison",{"_9906":9914,"_9908":9915,"_1397":9916},"Permutation","Combination","Ratio",{"_9918":9919,"_9920":9921,"_9922":9923,"_9912":9924,"_9925":9926},"factorialGrowth","Factorial Growth","permutations","Permutations","combinations","Combinations","Permutation vs Combination","tooLarge","Values too large to display",{"_9904":9928,"_9929":9930,"_9931":9932},"5!","passwords","10P3 PINs","poker","52C5 Poker",{"_1094":9737},{"_166":9935,"_9936":9937,"_9938":9914,"_9939":9915,"_9940":9941},"Counting Formulas","factorialLabel","Factorial","permutationLabel","combinationLabel","relationships","Key Relationships",{"_166":9943,"_200":9944,"_9945":9946,"_9947":9948,"_9949":9950,"_6998":8332,"_1028":9951,"_1030":9952},"About Permutation & Combination Calculator","Calculate the number of ways to arrange or select items. Permutations count ordered arrangements, while combinations count unordered selections.","differenceTitle","Key Difference","difference1","Permutation: ORDER MATTERS - Arranging 3 books on a shelf","difference2","Combination: ORDER DOESN'T MATTER - Choosing 3 books to read","How many ways to arrange 5 people in a line? → 5P5 = 5! = 120","How many 5-card poker hands from 52 cards? → 52C5 = 2,598,960","tools/pet-name-generator",{"_166":9955,"_200":9956,"_1065":9957,"_9962":9963,"_9976":9977,"_1073":9990,"_57":9993,"_1096":9997,"_989":10001},"Pet Name Generator","Generate creative names for your pets",{"_9958":9959,"_9960":9961},"petType","Pet Type","nameStyle","Name Style","petTypes",{"_9964":9965,"_9966":9967,"_9968":9969,"_9970":9971,"_9972":9973,"_9974":9975},"anyPet","🐾 Any Pet","dog","🐕 Dog","cat","🐈 Cat","bird","🐦 Bird","rabbit","🐰 Rabbit","hamster","🐹 Hamster","nameStyles",{"_9978":9979,"_9980":9981,"_9982":9983,"_9984":9985,"_9986":9987,"_9988":9989},"anyStyle","✨ Any Style","cuteSweet","💕 Cute & Sweet","funnySilly","😄 Funny & Silly","classicTraditional","📖 Classic & Traditional","uniqueCreative","🌟 Unique & Creative","foodInspired","🍕 Food-Inspired",{"_9991":9992},"generatePetNames","🎲 Generate Pet Names",{"_9994":9995,"_1085":9996,"_1087":1088},"nameSuggestions","✨ Name Suggestions","💡 Click any name to copy it",{"_9998":9999,"_1094":10000},"icon","🐾","Click \"Generate Pet Names\" to get started!",{"_166":10002,"_1275":10003,"_1004":10004,"_1006":10005,"_1008":10006,"_1467":10007,"_3521":10008,"_10009":10010,"_10011":10012,"_10013":10014,"_10015":10016,"_10017":10018,"_10019":10020,"_10021":10022,"_10023":10024,"_10025":10026,"_10027":10028,"_10029":10030,"_10031":10032,"_10033":10034},"Choosing the Perfect Pet Name","Tips for Naming Your Pet","Choose a name that's easy to pronounce and short (1-2 syllables)","Avoid names that sound like commands (e.g., \"Kit\" sounds like \"sit\")","Consider your pet's personality and appearance","Make sure all family members agree on the name","Try calling the name out loud to see how it feels","tip6","Avoid trendy names that might not age well","popularTrendsTitle","Popular Naming Trends","humanNames","Human Names: Max, Charlie, Bella, Lucy","foodNames","Food Names: Oreo, Cookie, Peanut, Pepper","popCulture","Pop Culture: Characters from movies, books, and TV","natureNames","Nature Names: River, Storm, Willow, Bear","appearanceBased","Appearance-Based: Shadow, Snowball, Ginger, Spot","trainingTipsTitle","Name Training Tips","training1","Use the name consistently from day one","training2","Say the name in a happy, upbeat tone","training3","Reward your pet when they respond to their name","training4","Use the name during positive experiences (treats, play)","training5","Be patient - it may take a few weeks for them to learn it","tools/ph-calculator",{"_166":10037,"_200":10038,"_1065":10039,"_2179":10052,"_2210":2210,"_57":10059,"_10064":10065,"_1235":10069,"_1238":10071,"_10076":10077,"_136":10082,"_989":10086},"pH Calculator","Calculate pH, pOH, [H⁺], and [OH⁻] concentrations for aqueous solutions",{"_2181":2180,"_10040":2200,"_10041":10042,"_10043":10044,"_10045":10046,"_10047":10048,"_10049":10046,"_10050":10051},"phLabel","pohLabel","pOH","hLabel","[H⁺] (mol/L)","hPlaceholder","e.g., 1e-7","ohLabel","[OH⁻] (mol/L)","ohPlaceholder","scientificNotation","Use scientific notation (e.g., 1e-7 for 10⁻⁷)",{"_10053":2200,"_10054":10042,"_10055":10056,"_10057":10058},"ph","poh","h","[H⁺] Concentration","oh","[OH⁻] Concentration",{"_166":58,"_10053":2200,"_10054":10042,"_10060":10061,"_10062":10063},"hConc","[H⁺] mol/L","ohConc","[OH⁻] mol/L","solutionType",{"_2215":10066,"_2217":10067,"_2219":10068},"Acidic Solution","Neutral Solution","Basic Solution",{"_1094":10070},"Enter a known value to calculate the others",{"_166":9941,"_6173":10072,"_6175":10073,"_6177":10074,"_6179":10075},"pH + pOH = 14 (at 25°C)","pH = -log₁₀[H⁺]","pOH = -log₁₀[OH⁻]","[H⁺][OH⁻] = 10⁻¹⁴ (Kw at 25°C)","scale",{"_166":10078,"_2215":10079,"_2217":10080,"_2219":10081},"pH Scale:","pH < 7: Acidic","pH = 7: Neutral","pH > 7: Basic (Alkaline)",{"_1352":8332,"_2217":10083,"_2215":10084,"_2219":10085},"Neutral (pH 7)","Acidic (pH 3)","Basic (pH 12)",{"_166":10087,"_200":10088,"_1262":10089,"_1264":10090,"_1266":10091},"About pH Calculator","The pH scale measures how acidic or basic an aqueous solution is. Pure water at 25°C has a pH of 7, which is neutral.","Acids release H⁺ ions in water, lowering the pH below 7","Bases release OH⁻ ions in water, raising the pH above 7","The product [H⁺][OH⁻] always equals 10⁻¹⁴ at 25°C (Kw)","tools/pixel-density-calculator",{"_166":10094,"_200":10095,"_136":10096,"_1168":10105,"_7994":10110,"_10141":10142,"_1714":10153,"_10183":10184,"_989":10193},"Pixel Density Calculator","Calculate PPI/DPI for screens and prints",{"_10097":10098,"_10099":10100,"_10101":10102,"_10103":10104},"24inchFullHd","24\" Full HD Monitor","27inchQhd","27\" QHD Monitor","27inch4k","27\" 4K Monitor","13inchMacbook","13\" MacBook Pro Retina",{"_3530":1353,"_10106":10107,"_10108":10109},"screenPpi","Screen/Monitor PPI","printDpi","Print DPI",{"_10111":10112,"_10113":10114,"_10115":10116,"_10117":10118,"_10119":10120,"_1404":1405,"_10121":10122,"_10123":10124,"_10125":10126,"_10127":10128,"_10129":10130,"_10131":10132,"_10133":10134,"_10135":10136,"_10137":10138,"_10139":10140},"widthPixels","Width (pixels)","heightPixels","Height (pixels)","diagonalScreenSize","Diagonal Screen Size (inches)","pixelDensity","Pixel Density","ppiValue","{{ppi}} PPI","aspectRatioValue","{{ratio}}:1","diagonalPx","Diagonal (px)","physicalWidth","Physical Width","physicalHeight","Physical Height","inchesUnit","\"","whatThisMeans","💡 What This Means","pixelsPerInch","• There are {{ppi}} pixels per inch on this screen","totalResolution","• Total resolution: {{width}} × {{height}} ({{mp}}MP)","retinaDisplay","• This screen qualifies as a \"Retina\" display","considerHigherRes","• Consider a higher resolution screen for better clarity","retinaClassifications",{"_10143":10144,"_10145":10146,"_10147":10148,"_10149":10150,"_10151":10152},"retinaHigh","Retina (High)","retinaStandard","Retina (Standard)","highDensity","High Density","standardDensity","Standard Density","lowDensity","Low Density",{"_10154":1686,"_10155":1920,"_6153":6154,"_1400":10156,"_1402":10157,"_10158":10159,"_10160":10161,"_10162":10163,"_10164":10165,"_10166":10167,"_10168":10169,"_10170":10171,"_10172":10173,"_10174":10175,"_10176":10177,"_7316":10178,"_10179":10180,"_10181":10182},"unit","inches","Width ({{unit}})","Height ({{unit}})","imageWidthPixels","Image Width (pixels)","imageHeightPixels","Image Height (pixels)","printResolution","Print Resolution","dpiValue","{{dpi}} DPI","widthDpi","Width DPI","heightDpi","Height DPI","printRecommendations","💡 Print Recommendations","excellentQuality","• ✅ Excellent quality for professional printing","goodQuality","• ✅ Good quality for most printing needs","screenQuality","• ⚠️ Suitable for screen viewing, may be pixelated when printed","• ❌ Too low for quality printing, increase resolution","aimFor300","• For best results, aim for 300 DPI for printing","minimum150","• 150 DPI is minimum for acceptable print quality","printQuality",{"_10185":10186,"_10187":10188,"_10189":10190,"_10191":10192},"professionalPrint","Professional Print","goodPrintQuality","Good Print Quality","screenWebQuality","Screen/Web Quality","lowQuality","Low Quality",{"_166":10194,"_10195":10196,"_10197":10198,"_10199":10200,"_10201":10202,"_10203":10204,"_10205":10206,"_10207":10208,"_10209":10210,"_10211":10212,"_10213":10214,"_10215":10216,"_10217":10218,"_10219":10220,"_10221":10222,"_10223":10224,"_10225":10226},"Understanding Pixel Density","ppiVsDpiTitle","PPI vs DPI","ppi","PPI (Pixels Per Inch): Used for screens and digital displays","dpi","DPI (Dots Per Inch): Used for printers and print resolution","bothMeasure","Both measure the density of pixels or dots in a given area","higherBetter","Higher PPI/DPI = sharper, more detailed images","commonScreenDensitiesTitle","Common Screen Densities","90ppi","~90 PPI: Standard desktop monitors (24\" 1080p)","110ppi","~110 PPI: 27\" 1440p monitors","160ppi","~160 PPI: 27\" 4K monitors","220ppi","~220 PPI: MacBook Pro Retina displays","460ppi","~460 PPI: iPhone/high-end smartphones","printGuidelinesTitle","Print Guidelines","300dpi","300 DPI: Professional printing standard","150to200dpi","150-200 DPI: Acceptable for most prints","72dpi","72 DPI: Web/screen standard (not for printing)","viewingDistance","Consider viewing distance - larger prints can use lower DPI","tools/placeholder-image-generator",{"_166":10229,"_200":10230,"_136":10231,"_1065":10240,"_3259":10249,"_507":10254,"_10257":10258,"_1073":10268,"_989":10273},"Placeholder Image Generator","Generate custom placeholder images for web design",{"_10232":10233,"_10234":10235,"_10236":10237,"_10238":10239},"600x400Gray","600×400 Gray","openGraph","Open Graph","bannerAd","Banner Ad","fullHd","Full HD",{"_10241":6794,"_10242":6796,"_5313":5314,"_5317":2479,"_10243":10244,"_10245":10246,"_6626":6627,"_63":64,"_10247":10248},"widthPx","heightPx","customText","Custom Text (optional)","customTextPlaceholder","Leave empty to show dimensions","showDimensions","Show dimensions if no text",{"_10250":10251,"_10252":10253},"png","PNG","jpeg","JPEG",{"_166":623,"_10255":10256},"generatedAlt","Generated placeholder","imageInfo",{"_1687":10259,"_10260":10261,"_6626":10262,"_10263":10264,"_1404":10265,"_10121":10122,"_6624":10266,"_10267":9545},"Dimensions:","dimensionsValue","{{width}} × {{height}}px","Format:","formatValue","{{format}}","Aspect Ratio:","File Size:","fileSizeValue",{"_10269":10270,"_10271":10272},"downloadImage","💾 Download Image","copyDataUrl","📋 Copy Data URL",{"_166":10274,"_10275":10276,"_10277":10278,"_1349":10279,"_6827":10280,"_10281":10282,"_10283":10284,"_10285":10286,"_10287":10288,"_10289":10290,"_10291":10292,"_10293":10294,"_10295":10296,"_1275":1276,"_1004":10297,"_1006":10298,"_1008":10299,"_1467":10300,"_3521":10301,"_10009":10302},"Common Placeholder Image Sizes","webSocialMediaTitle","Web & Social Media","ogImage","Open Graph (OG) Image: 1200×630px (Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter)","Instagram Square: 1080×1080px","Instagram Story: 1080×1920px","twitterHeader","Twitter Header: 1500×500px","youtubeThumbnail","YouTube Thumbnail: 1280×720px","commonWebSizesTitle","Common Web Sizes","heroImage","Hero Image: 1920×1080px or 1440×900px","blogFeaturedImage","Blog Featured Image: 1200×630px or 800×450px","thumbnail","Thumbnail: 300×200px or 400×300px","profilePicture","Profile Picture: 200×200px or 400×400px","bannerAdSizes","Banner Ad: 728×90px, 300×250px, 160×600px","Use contrasting colors for text and background for better visibility","PNG format supports transparency, JPEG has smaller file sizes","Add dimensions or descriptive text to identify placeholders easily","Consider using neutral colors (grays) for general placeholders","Match aspect ratios to your final content requirements","Data URLs can be used directly in HTML/CSS for quick testing","tools/png-to-webp-converter",{"_166":10305,"_200":10306,"_5191":10307,"_9619":10308,"_10309":10310,"_6806":10311,"_7111":10312,"_10313":4434,"_10314":10315,"_10316":10317,"_7872":10318,"_10319":10320,"_10321":10322,"_465":10323,"_6517":10324,"_989":10325},"PNG to WebP Converter","Convert PNG images to WebP format","Choose PNG Image","Convert to WebP","downloadButton","Download WebP","Original Image (PNG)","Converted Image (WebP)","originalAlt","convertedAlt","Converted","smallerFile","Smaller File","Balanced","bestQuality","Best Quality","notSupported","Your browser doesn't support WebP encoding. Try using Chrome, Edge, or Opera for WebP conversion.","Successfully converted to WebP format! WebP provides better compression than PNG, typically 25-35% smaller file sizes.","Quality",{"_166":10326,"_8640":10327,"_10328":10329,"_10330":10331,"_10332":10333,"_10334":10335,"_10336":10337,"_10338":10339,"_10340":10341,"_10342":10343,"_10344":10345,"_10346":10347,"_10348":10349,"_10350":10351,"_2528":2529,"_2530":10352,"_2532":10353,"_2534":10354,"_2536":10355},"About WebP Format","Why Use WebP?","benefit1Label","Smaller Files","benefit1Text","25-35% smaller than PNG with same quality","benefit2Label","Transparency Support","benefit2Text","Like PNG, supports transparent backgrounds","benefit3Label","Better Compression","benefit3Text","More efficient than JPG and PNG","benefit4Label","Faster Websites","benefit4Text","Smaller files = faster loading times","browserTitle","Browser Support","browser1","Chrome, Edge, Firefox, Opera: Full support","browser2","Safari: Supported on macOS 11+ and iOS 14+","browser3","Most modern browsers support WebP","Use 80-90% quality for best balance","Always provide PNG/JPG fallback for older browsers","Perfect for web images, icons, and graphics","Especially good for images with transparency","tools/poisson-distribution-calculator",{"_166":10358,"_200":10359,"_327":10360,"_1065":10362,"_110":10374,"_10377":10378,"_57":10386,"_7653":10388,"_8739":10392,"_438":10396,"_136":10402,"_989":10409},"Poisson Distribution Calculator","Calculate Poisson probabilities, cumulative distributions, and estimate lambda from data",{"_166":10361},"Poisson Probability Calculator",{"_10363":10364,"_10365":10366,"_10367":10368,"_10369":10370,"_10371":1286,"_10372":10373},"lambdaLabel","λ (Lambda - Average Rate)","lambdaPlaceholder","e.g., 3.5","lambdaHint","Expected number of occurrences","kLabel","k (Number of Occurrences)","kPlaceholder","kHint","Number of events to calculate",{"_30":31,"_10375":10376},"estimate","Estimate λ","estimation",{"_166":10379,"_9825":10380,"_5069":10381,"_10382":10383,"_1861":10384,"_3548":10385},"Estimate λ from Data","Sample Data (comma or space separated)","e.g., 2, 4, 1, 3, 5, 2, 4","lambdaResult","Estimated λ:","Sample Variance:","Sample Size:",{"_166":10387},"Probability Results",{"_166":10389,"_1859":1860,"_1861":1862,"_3559":1864,"_1569":1570,"_10390":10391},"Distribution Properties","atLeastOne","P(X ≥ 1) - At least one event",{"_166":10393,"_10394":10394,"_1851":10395,"_2128":5694},"Probability Distribution","k","P(X = k)",{"_10397":10398,"_10399":10400,"_9876":10401},"invalidLambda","Please enter a valid lambda (rate) ≥ 0","invalidK","Please enter a valid k (occurrences) ≥ 0","Please enter at least 2 non-negative integers",{"_1352":8332,"_10403":10404,"_10405":10406,"_10407":10408},"callCenter","Call Center (λ=4, k=3)","defects","Defects (λ=2, k=0)","arrivals","Arrivals (λ=10, k=12)",{"_166":10410,"_200":10411,"_1867":10412,"_4283":10413,"_4285":10414,"_136":10415},"About Poisson Distribution","The Poisson distribution models the probability of a given number of events occurring in a fixed interval of time or space.","Formula: P(X = k) = (λᵏ × e⁻λ) / k!","Key property: Mean = Variance = λ","Events are independent and rate is constant","Common uses: call center arrivals, defects per unit, accidents per day, website visitors per hour","tools/polar-cartesian-calculator",{"_166":10418,"_200":10419,"_1065":10420,"_1168":10427,"_10432":10433,"_1199":10434,"_57":10438,"_1238":10453,"_136":10462,"_989":10468},"Polar-Cartesian Converter","Convert between polar (r, θ) and Cartesian (x, y) coordinates with visualization",{"_1145":10421,"_1291":1292,"_1153":10422,"_10423":10424,"_4810":10425,"_4812":10426},"Conversion Direction","Radius (r)","thetaLabel","Angle (θ)","x coordinate","y coordinate",{"_10428":10429,"_10430":10431},"polarToCartesian","Polar to Cartesian","cartesianToPolar","Cartesian to Polar","angleUnits",{"_1293":1294,"_1295":1296},{"_166":10435,"_2822":10422,"_1309":10424,"_10436":10437},"Coordinate System Visualization","components","x, y components",{"_10439":10440,"_10441":10442,"_2822":10443,"_1293":1294,"_1295":1296,"_10444":10445,"_10446":10447,"_10448":10449,"_3747":10450,"_10451":10452},"cartesian","Cartesian Coordinates (x, y)","polar","Polar Coordinates (r, θ)","r (radius)","additional","Additional Information","quadrant","Quadrant","origin","Origin","Distance from Origin","angleFromX","Angle from +x axis",{"_166":6172,"_10454":10455,"_10456":10457,"_10458":10459,"_10460":10461},"xFormula","x = r × cos(θ)","yFormula","y = r × sin(θ)","rFormula","r = √(x² + y²)","thetaFormula","θ = atan2(y, x)",{"_1352":8332,"_10463":10464,"_10439":10465,"_10466":10467},"polar45","r=5, θ=45°","(3, 4)","unitCircle","Unit circle π/6",{"_166":10469,"_200":10470,"_10441":10471,"_10439":10472,"_2865":10473},"About Polar-Cartesian Converter","This tool converts between two common coordinate systems used in mathematics and physics.","Polar coordinates (r, θ) use distance from origin and angle from positive x-axis","Cartesian coordinates (x, y) use perpendicular distances from axes","Used in complex numbers, physics (circular motion), navigation, and computer graphics","tools/population-growth-calculator",{"_166":10476,"_200":10477,"_1065":10478,"_10490":10491,"_3072":10495,"_57":10504,"_136":10526,"_1235":10529,"_1238":10531,"_989":10538,"_2283":10551},"Population Growth Calculator","Calculate exponential and logistic population growth with animated visualization",{"_10479":10480,"_6801":10481,"_10482":10483,"_10484":10485,"_10486":10487,"_2727":10488,"_2227":10489},"modelLabel","Growth Model","Preset Growth Rates","initialLabel","Initial Population (P₀)","rateLabel","Growth Rate (r)","rateHint","As decimal (e.g., 0.05 = 5%/time)","Time (t)","Carrying Capacity (K)","models",{"_7645":10492,"_10493":10494},"Exponential Growth","logistic","Logistic Growth",{"_2300":2301,"_10496":10497,"_10498":10499,"_10500":10501,"_10502":10503},"bacteria","E. coli Bacteria","world","World Population","usa","USA Population","insect","Insect Population",{"_10505":10506,"_10507":10508,"_1225":10509,"_10510":10511,"_10512":10489,"_10513":10514,"_10515":10516,"_10517":10518,"_5828":10519,"_10520":10521,"_10522":10523,"_4002":10524,"_9121":10525},"population","Population at t","doublingTime","Doubling Time","Change from P₀","logisticDetails","Logistic Growth Details","capacity","percentCapacity","% of Capacity","inflection","Inflection Point (max growth)","summary","Growth Summary","Initial Population","final","Final Population","absolute","Absolute Change","Growth Rate","Growth Curve",{"_10496":10527,"_10498":10499,"_10493":10528},"Bacteria Growth","Logistic Example",{"_1094":10530},"Enter valid parameters to calculate population growth",{"_166":10532,"_7645":10533,"_10534":10535,"_10493":10536,"_10515":10537},"Population Growth Models","P(t) = P₀ × e^(rt)","doubling","Doubling Time = ln(2) / r","P(t) = K / (1 + ((K-P₀)/P₀) × e^(-rt))","Inflection at P = K/2",{"_166":10539,"_200":10540,"_10541":10542,"_10543":10544,"_10545":10546,"_4790":4888,"_4791":10547,"_4793":10548,"_4795":10549,"_4797":10550},"About Population Growth Calculator","Model population growth using exponential or logistic models. Exponential growth assumes unlimited resources, while logistic growth incorporates a carrying capacity that limits population size.","modelsTitle","Growth Models","model1","Exponential: Unrestricted growth, population doubles at a constant rate","model2","Logistic: Growth slows as population approaches carrying capacity (S-curve)","Biology - bacterial and cell growth","Ecology - animal population dynamics","Demographics - human population projections","Epidemiology - disease spread modeling",{"_3663":10552,"_658":659,"_10505":10553},"Enter valid parameters","Population","tools/power-efficiency-calculator",{"_166":10556,"_200":10557,"_1065":10558,"_1168":10572,"_4524":10576,"_57":10586,"_2283":10598,"_1201":10601,"_136":10606,"_1235":10613,"_1238":10615,"_989":10620},"Power & Efficiency Calculator","Calculate mechanical power, work, and energy efficiency with unit conversions",{"_1145":1353,"_10559":10560,"_2181":2180,"_8855":8856,"_10561":10562,"_2727":10563,"_3759":3760,"_10564":10565,"_10566":10567,"_10568":10569,"_7159":10570,"_7157":10571},"methodLabel","Calculation Method","workLabel","Work (J)","Time (s)","velocityLabel","Velocity (m/s)","velocityPlaceholder","m/s","efficiencyLabel","Efficiency (%)","Useful Output (J)","Total Input (J)",{"_3299":10573,"_10574":10575},"Power Calculator","efficiency","Efficiency Calculator",{"_3299":8863,"_10577":10578,"_658":10488,"_3741":3742,"_10579":10580,"_10574":10581,"_10582":10583,"_10584":10585},"work","Work (W)","velocity","Velocity (v)","Efficiency (η)","usefulOutput","Useful Output","totalInput","Total Input",{"_3299":8866,"_10587":10588,"_10589":10590,"_10577":10591,"_658":659,"_3741":3767,"_10579":10592,"_10593":10594,"_10574":10595,"_10582":10583,"_10584":10585,"_10596":10597},"kilowatts","Kilowatts","horsepower","Horsepower","Work","Velocity","energyFlow","Energy Flow Diagram","Efficiency","energyLost","Energy Lost",{"_85":86,"_59":60,"_61":62,"_10599":10600,"_10574":10595},"loss","Loss",{"_10602":10603,"_10587":10604,"_10589":10605},"watts","W","kW","hp",{"_10607":10608,"_10609":10610,"_10611":10612},"lifting","Lifting Work","car","Car Engine","motor","Electric Motor",{"_1094":10614},"Enter values to calculate power or efficiency",{"_166":1240,"_3299":10616,"_10574":10617,"_10618":10619},"P = W/t = Fv","η = useful output / total input","conversion","1 hp = 745.7 W",{"_166":10621,"_200":10622,"_1260":1261,"_1262":10623,"_1264":10624,"_1266":10625,"_4790":4888,"_4791":10626,"_4793":10627,"_4795":10628},"About Power & Efficiency Calculator","Calculate mechanical power using work-time or force-velocity relationships, and determine energy efficiency for systems with energy input and output.","Power is the rate of doing work or transferring energy","Efficiency measures how much input energy becomes useful output","Energy lost typically converts to heat due to friction","Mechanical engineering - motor and engine calculations","Electrical systems - power consumption analysis","Energy audits - efficiency improvements","tools/prime-factorization-calculator",{"_166":10631,"_200":10632,"_1065":10633,"_57":10639,"_2283":10658,"_136":10662,"_1235":10669,"_1238":10671,"_989":10677},"Prime Factorization Calculator","Find prime factors of any integer with factor tree visualization",{"_10634":10635,"_10636":10637,"_2914":10638},"numberLabel","Enter a Number","numberPlaceholder","e.g., 84","Enter an integer greater than 1",{"_10640":10641,"_10642":10643,"_10644":10645,"_10646":10647,"_10648":10649,"_10650":10651,"_10652":10653,"_10654":10655,"_10656":10657},"prime","This number is prime!","distinctPrimes","Distinct Primes","totalPrimes","Total Prime Factors","divisors","Total Divisors","sumOfDivisors","Sum of Divisors","factorTree","Factor Tree","primeFactors","Prime Factors","allDivisors","All Divisors","factorPairs","Factor Pairs",{"_10640":10659,"_10660":10661},"Prime","composite","Composite",{"_10660":10663,"_10640":10664,"_10665":10666,"_10667":10668},"360 (Composite)","97 (Prime)","powers","1000 (Powers)","primorial","2310 (Primorial)",{"_1094":10670},"Enter a number ≥ 2 to find its prime factorization",{"_166":10672,"_10673":10674,"_10675":10676},"Number Theory","fundamental","Every integer > 1 has a unique prime factorization","divisorCount","# of divisors = Π(eᵢ + 1) for n = p₁^e₁ × p₂^e₂ × ...",{"_166":10678,"_200":10679,"_1260":1261,"_1262":10680,"_1264":10681,"_1266":10682,"_4790":4888,"_4791":10683,"_4793":10684,"_4795":10685},"About Prime Factorization Calculator","Find the unique prime factorization of any positive integer. This calculator decomposes numbers into their prime factors and displays a factor tree visualization.","The Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic: every integer > 1 has a unique prime factorization","Prime numbers have exactly two divisors: 1 and themselves","The number of divisors can be calculated from the prime factorization","Cryptography - RSA encryption relies on prime factorization difficulty","Mathematics - finding GCD, LCM, and divisibility","Number theory research and education","tools/prime-number-checker",{"_166":10688,"_200":10689,"_136":10690,"_1065":10699,"_57":10701,"_989":10719},"Prime Number Checker","Check if a number is prime, find its prime factorization, and discover nearby primes",{"_10691":10692,"_10693":10694,"_10695":10696,"_10697":10698},"17prime","17 (prime)","24composite","24 (composite)","97prime","97 (prime)","100composite","100 (composite)",{"_8802":10635,"_2883":10700},"Enter a positive integer",{"_10702":10703,"_10704":10705,"_10706":10707,"_10708":10709,"_10710":10711,"_10712":10713,"_10652":10714,"_10715":10716,"_10717":10718},"primeNumber","Prime Number","compositeNumber","Composite Number","onlyDivisible","Only divisible by 1 and itself","divisibleByMore","Divisible by more than just 1 and itself","primeFactorization","Prime Factorization","equationFormat","{{number}} = {{factors}}","Prime factors: {{factors}}","previousPrime","Previous Prime","nextPrime","Next Prime",{"_166":10720,"_200":10721,"_10722":4282,"_4283":10723,"_4285":10724,"_4287":10725,"_10726":10727,"_10728":10729,"_10730":10731,"_10732":10733,"_10734":10711,"_10735":10736},"What are Prime Numbers?","A prime number is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. Prime numbers are the building blocks of all natural numbers.","keyPropertiesTitle","The only even prime number is 2","All other primes are odd numbers","1 is neither prime nor composite","property4","Every natural number can be expressed as a product of prime numbers","property5","There are infinitely many prime numbers (proven by Euclid)","first10Title","First 10 Prime Numbers","first10List","2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29","primeFactorizationTitle","primeFactorizationDesc","Every composite number can be expressed as a product of prime numbers in exactly one way (fundamental theorem of arithmetic). For example: 24 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3","tools/privacy-policy-generator",{"_166":10739,"_200":10740,"_136":10741,"_1065":10748,"_1073":10767,"_1514":10770,"_989":10777},"Privacy Policy Generator","Generate a customizable privacy policy for your website",{"_10742":10743,"_10744":10745,"_10746":10747},"ecommerceWebsite","E-commerce Website","saasPlatform","SaaS Platform","blogContentSite","Blog/Content Site",{"_10749":10750,"_9331":7054,"_10751":10752,"_10753":10754,"_10755":10756,"_10757":10758,"_10759":10760,"_10761":10762,"_10763":10764,"_10765":10766},"companyWebsiteName","Company/Website Name","websiteUrl","Website URL","websiteUrlPlaceholder","https://yourwebsite.com","contactEmail","Contact Email","contactEmailPlaceholder","contact@yourwebsite.com","dataCollectionTypes","Data Collection Types","personalInfo","Personal Information (name, email, etc.)","analyticsUsageData","Analytics and Usage Data","cookiesTracking","Cookies and Tracking Technologies",{"_10768":10769,"_1578":1579},"generatePrivacyPolicy","Generate Privacy Policy",{"_10771":10772,"_10773":10774,"_10775":10776},"legalDisclaimer","Legal Disclaimer: This is not legal advice. Have a qualified attorney review this policy before using it on your website.","generatedPrivacyPolicy","Generated Privacy Policy","helperText","You can edit the policy above before copying",{"_166":10778,"_200":10779,"_6733":6734,"_4092":10780,"_4094":10781,"_4096":10782,"_6738":10783,"_10784":10785},"About Privacy Policies","A privacy policy is a legal document that explains how your website collects, uses, stores, and protects visitor information. It's required by law in many jurisdictions, especially if you collect personal data from EU residents (GDPR) or California residents (CCPA).","This generator provides a basic template only","Privacy laws vary by country and state","Always have a lawyer review your privacy policy","Update your policy whenever your data practices change","note5","Make your privacy policy easily accessible on your website","tools/probability-simulator",{"_166":10788,"_200":10789,"_10790":10791,"_10792":10797,"_10793":10814,"_10795":10827,"_10854":10855,"_1073":10859,"_989":10863},"Probability Simulator","Simulate coin flips, dice rolls, and card draws with statistical analysis","tabs",{"_10792":3151,"_10793":10794,"_10795":10796},"coin","dice","Dice Roll","cards","Card Draw",{"_3157":3169,"_3159":3170,"_10798":10799,"_10800":3165,"_10801":10802,"_55":56,"_1871":10803,"_10804":3169,"_10805":3170,"_10806":10807,"_10808":10809,"_10810":10811,"_10812":10813},"flipsLabel","Number of Flips","flipButton","flipMultiple","Flip {count} Times","Statistics","headsCount","tailsCount","headsPercent","Heads %","tailsPercent","Tails %","streak","Current Streak","longestStreak","Longest Streak",{"_10815":4318,"_10816":10817,"_10818":10819,"_10820":10821,"_55":56,"_1729":1730,"_1871":10803,"_10822":10823,"_2053":2054,"_9846":10824,"_9852":10825,"_8739":10826},"diceLabel","sidesLabel","Sides per Die","rollButton","Roll Dice","rollMultiple","Roll {count} Times","rolls","Total Rolls","Minimum","Maximum","Distribution",{"_10828":10829,"_10830":10831,"_10832":10833,"_10834":10835,"_55":10836,"_2756":10837,"_10838":10839,"_1871":10803,"_10840":10841,"_10842":10843,"_10844":10845,"_10846":10847,"_10848":10849,"_10850":10851,"_10852":10853},"deckLabel","Deck Type","drawLabel","Cards to Draw","replaceLabel","Replace cards after draw","drawButton","Draw Cards","Drawn Cards","Cards Remaining","shuffleButton","Shuffle Deck","totalDrawn","Total Drawn","suits","Suits Drawn","hearts","Hearts","diamonds","Diamonds","clubs","Clubs","spades","Spades","joker","Joker","deckTypes",{"_2770":10856,"_10857":10858},"Standard 52-Card Deck","jokers","52 Cards + 2 Jokers",{"_26":10860,"_10861":10862},"Reset Statistics","simulate","Run Simulation",{"_166":10864,"_200":10865,"_1260":10866,"_1262":10867,"_1264":10868,"_1266":10869,"_1126":3454,"_1128":10870,"_1130":10871,"_1132":10872,"_1134":10873,"_1136":10874,"_1275":1276,"_1004":10875,"_1006":10876,"_1008":10877},"About Probability Simulator","Explore probability concepts through interactive simulations. Run experiments with coins, dice, and cards to see how theoretical probability compares to actual results.","Probability Concepts","Law of Large Numbers: Results approach expected probability over many trials","Independent Events: Each flip/roll doesn't affect the next","Expected Value: Average outcome over many trials","Learning probability and statistics","Classroom demonstrations","Game probability analysis","Understanding randomness","Generating random outcomes","Run many trials to see probability converge to expected values","Compare short-term results to long-term trends","Use the distribution chart to visualize dice roll patterns","tools/profit-margin-calculator",{"_166":10880,"_200":10881,"_136":10882,"_1065":10887,"_57":10901,"_989":10919,"_1235":10934},"Profit Margin Calculator","Calculate gross profit, net profit, markup, and profit margin percentages",{"_10883":10884,"_2102":2103,"_10885":10886},"retailProduct","Retail Product","highMargin","High Margin",{"_10888":10889,"_10890":10891,"_10892":10893,"_10894":10895,"_10896":10897,"_10898":10899,"_5473":10900},"revenueSalesPrice","Revenue / Sales Price ($)","revenuePlaceholder","Enter revenue or sale price","costOfGoodsSold","Cost of Goods Sold / COGS ($)","costPlaceholder","Enter cost","operatingExpenses","Operating Expenses ($) - Optional","expensesPlaceholder","Enter operating expenses","Leave empty if calculating gross profit only",{"_10902":10903,"_10904":10905,"_10906":10907,"_2133":10908,"_2617":8565,"_10909":10910,"_10911":10912,"_10913":10914,"_10915":10916,"_10917":10918},"grossProfit","Gross Profit","margin","Margin: {{margin}}","netProfit","Net Profit","Revenue","markup","Markup","understandingDifference","Understanding the Difference","grossProfitMarginDesc","Gross Profit Margin: Profitability after direct costs (COGS)","netProfitMarginDesc","Net Profit Margin: Profitability after all costs including operating expenses","markupDesc","Markup: How much you add to cost to determine selling price",{"_166":10920,"_200":10921,"_10922":3327,"_10902":10923,"_10924":10925,"_10906":10926,"_10927":10928,"_10909":10929,"_10930":10931,"_10932":10933},"Understanding Profit Margins","Profit margin is one of the most important metrics for any business. It shows how much profit you make for every dollar of revenue. Higher margins mean more efficient operations and better profitability.","keyFormulasTitle","Gross Profit: Revenue - Cost of Goods Sold","grossMargin","Gross Margin %: (Gross Profit / Revenue) × 100","Net Profit: Gross Profit - Operating Expenses","netMargin","Net Margin %: (Net Profit / Revenue) × 100","Markup %: ((Revenue - Cost) / Cost) × 100","industryBenchmarksTitle","Industry Benchmarks","industryBenchmarksDesc","Typical gross margins: Retail (20-40%), Software (70-90%), Restaurants (60-70%), Manufacturing (25-35%). Your target margin depends on your industry and business model.",{"_509":10935},"Enter costs and revenue to calculate margin","tools/projectile-motion-calculator",{"_166":10938,"_200":10939,"_1065":10940,"_57":10947,"_2283":10962,"_1201":10963,"_136":10966,"_1235":10973,"_1238":10975,"_989":10982},"Projectile Motion Calculator","Calculate trajectory, range, and flight time for projectile motion problems",{"_10564":10941,"_10566":10942,"_1287":10943,"_1289":10944,"_6795":10945,"_10946":7488,"_2313":2314,"_2315":2316},"Initial Velocity (m/s)","e.g., 20","Launch Angle (degrees)","0-90","Initial Height (m)","heightPlaceholder",{"_166":58,"_9861":9862,"_10948":10949,"_10950":10951,"_10952":10953,"_10954":10955,"_10956":10957,"_10958":10959,"_10960":10961},"maxHeight","Max Height","flightTime","Flight Time","velocityComponents","Velocity Components","vx","Vx (horizontal)","vy","Vy (initial vertical)","timeToMax","Time to max height","trajectory","Trajectory Animation",{"_9861":9862,"_9852":9853},{"_2830":3822,"_2730":10964,"_10965":10567},"s","metersPerSecond",{"_10967":10968,"_10969":10970,"_10971":10972},"basketball","Basketball Shot","cannonball","Cannonball","golf","Golf Drive",{"_1094":10974},"Enter valid values to calculate projectile motion",{"_166":1240,"_10954":10976,"_10956":10977,"_2826":10978,"_2828":10979,"_10948":10980,"_9861":10981},"Vx = V₀ × cos(θ)","Vy = V₀ × sin(θ)","x = Vx × t","y = y₀ + Vy × t - ½gt²","Max Height = y₀ + Vy² / (2g)","Range = Vx × Total Time",{"_166":10983,"_200":10984,"_1260":1261,"_1262":10985,"_1264":10986,"_1266":10987,"_1268":10988,"_1126":1270,"_1128":10989,"_1130":10990,"_1132":7470,"_1134":10991,"_1275":1276,"_1004":10992,"_1006":10993,"_1008":10994},"About Projectile Motion Calculator","Calculate the trajectory of a projectile launched at an angle. This tool computes range, maximum height, flight time, and velocity components using classical mechanics equations.","Horizontal velocity (Vx) remains constant throughout flight","Vertical velocity (Vy) decreases due to gravity until apex, then increases downward","Maximum range occurs at 45° launch angle (on level ground)","Air resistance is neglected in this ideal model","Sports physics (basketball, football, golf)","Engineering ballistics","Game development","For maximum range on flat ground, use 45° angle","Initial height increases both range and flight time","Watch the animation to visualize the parabolic path","tools/prompt-generator",{"_166":10997,"_200":10998,"_136":10999,"_1065":11005,"_11015":11016,"_1073":11025,"_57":11027,"_989":11029},"AI Prompt Generator","Generate effective prompts for AI tools like ChatGPT, Claude, and image generators",{"_11000":7264,"_11001":11002,"_11003":11004},"blog","code","Code Help","image","AI Image",{"_1495":11006,"_11007":11008,"_11009":11010,"_11011":11012,"_11013":11014},"Prompt Type","topicLabel","Topic or Subject","topicPlaceholder","What do you want the AI to help with?","contextLabel","Additional Context (Optional)","contextPlaceholder","Add any specific requirements, audience, style preferences...","types",{"_877":11017,"_11018":11019,"_11003":11020,"_847":11021,"_2404":11022,"_11023":11024},"✍️ Writing & Content","coding","💻 Coding & Development","🎨 Image Generation","💼 Business & Strategy","🎭 Creative & Storytelling","learning","📚 Learning & Education",{"_34":11026,"_20":21},"🚀 Generate Prompt",{"_166":11028},"Generated Prompt",{"_166":11030,"_200":11031,"_1523":11032,"_11033":11034,"_11035":11036,"_11037":11038,"_11039":11040,"_11041":11042,"_11043":11044,"_11045":11046,"_11047":11048,"_11049":2513,"_11050":11051,"_11052":11053,"_11054":11055,"_1275":11056,"_1004":11057,"_1006":11058,"_1008":11059},"How to Use Prompt Generator","This tool helps you create effective, well-structured prompts for AI assistants and image generators. Simply choose a type, enter your topic, and get a professionally crafted prompt.","Prompt Types","type1Label","Writing:","type1Desc","Blog posts, articles, essays, and content creation","type2Label","Coding:","type2Desc","Programming help, code review, and technical solutions","type3Label","Image:","type3Desc","Prompts for DALL-E, Midjourney, Stable Diffusion","type4Label","Business:","type4Desc","Strategy, analysis, proposals, and professional documents","type5Label","type5Desc","Stories, concepts, brainstorming, and imaginative content","type6Label","Learning:","type6Desc","Educational explanations, tutorials, and study guides","Tips for Better Prompts","Be specific about your topic and desired outcome","Add context about your audience or use case","Regenerate multiple times to find the perfect prompt","tools/punnett-square-calculator",{"_166":11062,"_200":11063,"_1065":11064,"_1168":11088,"_57":11093,"_136":11101,"_1235":11107,"_989":11110},"Punnett Square Calculator","Calculate genetic cross probabilities with monohybrid and dihybrid Punnett squares",{"_1145":11065,"_11066":11067,"_11068":11069,"_11070":11071,"_11072":11073,"_11074":11069,"_11075":11071,"_11076":11077,"_11078":11079,"_11080":11081,"_11082":11083,"_11084":11085,"_11086":11087},"Cross Type","parent1Label","Parent 1 Genotype","parent1PlaceholderMonohybrid","e.g., Bb","parent1PlaceholderDihybrid","e.g., BbRr","parent2Label","Parent 2 Genotype","parent2PlaceholderMonohybrid","parent2PlaceholderDihybrid","dominantLabel","Dominant Trait","dominantPlaceholder","e.g., Brown eyes","recessiveLabel","Recessive Trait","recessivePlaceholder","e.g., Blue eyes","dominant2Placeholder","e.g., Tall","recessive2Placeholder","e.g., Short",{"_11089":11090,"_11091":11092},"monohybrid","Monohybrid (1 trait)","dihybrid","Dihybrid (2 traits)",{"_11094":5983,"_11095":11096,"_11097":11098,"_11099":11100},"genotypeRatios","phenotypeRatios","Phenotype Frequencies","genotypeRatio","Genotype Ratio","phenotypeRatio","Phenotype Ratio",{"_11102":11103,"_1402":11104,"_11105":11106},"eyes","Eye Color","Plant Height","pea","Pea Shape & Color",{"_1094":11108,"_8818":11109},"Enter parent genotypes to generate Punnett square","Enter valid genotypes (2 letters for monohybrid, 4 for dihybrid)",{"_166":11111,"_200":11112,"_11113":11114,"_11115":11116,"_11117":11118,"_11119":11120,"_1523":11121,"_1816":11122,"_1818":11123},"About Punnett Square Calculator","Predict offspring genotypes and phenotypes using Punnett squares. This tool supports both monohybrid (single trait) and dihybrid (two trait) crosses.","notationTitle","Genotype Notation","notation1","Uppercase letters (B) represent dominant alleles","notation2","Lowercase letters (b) represent recessive alleles","notation3","Heterozygous (Bb) shows dominant phenotype; homozygous recessive (bb) shows recessive phenotype","Cross Types","Monohybrid: One trait (e.g., Bb × Bb) produces a 2×2 grid","Dihybrid: Two traits (e.g., BbRr × BbRr) produces a 4×4 grid","tools/purchase-order-template",{"_166":11126,"_200":11127,"_1073":11128,"_1065":11134,"_11165":11166,"_989":11189},"Purchase Order Template","Create and print professional purchase orders",{"_11129":11130,"_1716":11131,"_28":29,"_11132":11133},"loadSampleData","Load Sample Data","+ Add Item","printPurchaseOrder","🖨️ Print Purchase Order",{"_11135":11136,"_11137":11138,"_1640":1641,"_11139":11140,"_7053":1643,"_9331":7054,"_2447":1645,"_11141":11142,"_2443":1657,"_11143":11144,"_430":431,"_11145":11146,"_11147":11148,"_11149":11150,"_11151":11152,"_11153":11154,"_11155":11156,"_11157":7083,"_11158":1762,"_11159":11160,"_11161":11162,"_11163":11164},"poNumber","PO Number","poNumberPlaceholder","PO-001","fromYourCompany","From (Your Company)","addressPlaceholder","Street address","phonePlaceholder","(555) 123-4567","emailPlaceholder","your@email.com","toVendor","To (Vendor)","vendorName","Vendor Name","vendorNamePlaceholder","Vendor Company Name","vendorEmailPlaceholder","vendor@email.com","lineItems","Line Items","itemDescription","qtyPlaceholder","pricePlaceholder","Price","notesSpecialInstructions","Notes / Special Instructions","notesPlaceholder","Add any special instructions or notes...","po",{"_234":11167,"_1426":11168,"_1723":11169,"_11170":7072,"_11171":11172,"_11173":11174,"_11175":11176,"_11177":11178,"_11179":11180,"_11184":11185,"_7085":7086,"_1729":11186,"_4090":11187,"_283":11188},"PURCHASE ORDER","FROM:","TO:","yourCompanyDefault","addressDefault","[Address]","vendorNameDefault","[Vendor Name]","phoneLabel","Phone: {{phone}}","emailLabel","Email: {{email}}","tableHeaders",{"_7074":11181,"_200":638,"_1761":1762,"_11182":11183,"_1729":1730},"#","unitPrice","Unit Price","emptyDescription","—","TOTAL:","Notes:","This is a legally binding purchase order. Please confirm receipt and expected delivery date.",{"_166":11190,"_11191":11192,"_11193":11194,"_11195":11196,"_11135":11197,"_11198":11199,"_11200":11201,"_11155":11202,"_1731":11203,"_7322":2529,"_2530":11204,"_2532":11205,"_2534":11206,"_2536":11207,"_2538":11208,"_2540":11209},"Using Purchase Orders","whatIsPOTitle","What is a Purchase Order?","whatIsPODesc","A purchase order (PO) is a commercial document issued by a buyer to a seller, indicating the products, quantities, and agreed prices. It becomes legally binding once accepted by the vendor.","keyComponentsTitle","Key Components","PO Number: Unique identifier for tracking and reference","buyerInfo","Buyer Information: Your company details","vendorInfo","Vendor Information: Supplier/seller details","Line Items: Products/services with quantities and prices","Terms: Payment terms, delivery date, shipping instructions","Use sequential PO numbers for easy tracking","Be specific with item descriptions and specifications","Include delivery dates and shipping instructions","Keep copies for your records and accounting","Get vendor confirmation before considering it final","Match PO with invoices when goods are received","tools/qr-code",{"_166":11212,"_200":11213,"_136":11214,"_1065":11224,"_1073":11228,"_1514":11233,"_989":11235},"QR Code Generator","Create custom QR codes for URLs, text, and more",{"_10751":10752,"_11215":11216,"_11217":2442,"_11218":11219,"_11220":11221,"_11222":11223},"websiteUrlText","https://www.example.com","emailAddress","emailAddressText","mailto:hello@example.com","wifiNetwork","WiFi Network","wifiNetworkText","WIFI:T:WPA;S:MyNetwork;P:MyPassword;;",{"_11225":11226,"_2883":11227},"enterTextOrUrl","Enter Text or URL","https://example.com or any text",{"_11229":11230,"_11231":11232},"generateQrCode","Generate QR Code","downloadQrCode","Download QR Code",{"_10255":11234},"Generated QR Code",{"_166":2573,"_11236":11237,"_11238":11239,"_11240":11241,"_11242":11243,"_11244":11245},"websiteUrls","• Website URLs","wifiPasswords","• WiFi passwords","contactInfo","• Contact information (vCard)","productInfo","• Product information","eventDetails","• Event details","tools/quadratic-formula-calculator",{"_166":11248,"_200":11249,"_1065":11250,"_57":11257,"_136":11278,"_1235":11286,"_1238":11288,"_989":11294},"Quadratic Formula Calculator","Solve quadratic equations ax² + bx + c = 0 with graph visualization",{"_11251":11252,"_11253":11254,"_11255":11256},"coeffA","a (x² coefficient)","coeffB","b (x coefficient)","coeffC","c (constant)",{"_11258":11259,"_11260":11261,"_11262":11263,"_11264":11265,"_4768":11266,"_11267":11268,"_11269":11270,"_11271":11272,"_11273":11274,"_11275":11276,"_9119":11277},"solutions","Solutions (Roots)","twoReal","Two distinct real roots","oneReal","One repeated real root (double root)","twoComplex","Two complex conjugate roots","Discriminant (Δ)","vertex","Vertex","axis","Axis of Symmetry","yIntercept","y-intercept","opensUp","Parabola opens upward (minimum)","opensDown","Parabola opens downward (maximum)","Graph",{"_11279":11280,"_11281":11282,"_11283":11284,"_11275":11285},"twoRoots","Two Real Roots","oneRoot","One Root","complexRoots","Complex Roots","Opens Down",{"_1094":11287},"Enter coefficients to solve the quadratic equation (a ≠ 0)",{"_166":11289,"_11290":11291,"_4768":11292,"_11267":11293},"Quadratic Formulas","quadratic","x = (-b ± √(b² - 4ac)) / 2a","Δ = b² - 4ac","Vertex: (-b/2a, f(-b/2a))",{"_166":11295,"_200":11296,"_11297":11298,"_11299":11300,"_11301":11302,"_11303":11304,"_3108":11305,"_3958":11306,"_3960":11307,"_3962":11308},"About Quadratic Formula Calculator","Solve any quadratic equation using the quadratic formula. This calculator finds both real and complex roots, and displays the parabola graph with key features.","discriminantTitle","Discriminant Cases","disc1","Δ > 0: Two distinct real roots (parabola crosses x-axis twice)","disc2","Δ = 0: One repeated root (parabola touches x-axis once)","disc3","Δ < 0: Two complex conjugate roots (parabola doesn't cross x-axis)","Parabola Features","Vertex: The minimum (a > 0) or maximum (a < 0) point","Axis of symmetry: Vertical line through the vertex","y-intercept: Where the parabola crosses the y-axis (x = 0)","tools/random-number-generator",{"_166":11311,"_200":11312,"_136":11313,"_1065":11319,"_1073":11326,"_57":11328,"_438":11330,"_989":11333},"Random Number Generator","Generate random numbers with custom ranges and options",{"_10793":11314,"_11315":11316,"_11317":11318},"Dice Roll (1-6)","five","5 Numbers (1-100)","lottery","Lottery (1-49)",{"_9846":11320,"_9852":11321,"_1681":1682,"_11322":11323,"_11324":11325},"Minimum Value","Maximum Value","allowDecimals","Allow Decimals","uniqueOnly","Unique Numbers Only",{"_34":11327},"Generate Random Numbers",{"_166":11329},"Generated Numbers ({{count}})",{"_11331":11332},"tooMany","Cannot generate {{quantity}} unique numbers in range {{min}}-{{max}} (only {{range}} possible values)",{"_166":2901,"_939":11334,"_11335":11336,"_11337":11338,"_11339":11340,"_888":11341,"_11342":11343,"_1871":3197,"_3198":11344,"_859":11345,"_5270":11346},"Gaming:","gamingDesc","Generate dice rolls, random events, or loot drops","lotteryLabel","Lottery:","lotteryDesc","Pick random lottery numbers or raffle winners","Education:","educationDesc","Create practice problems or random sampling","Generate random data for testing and analysis","Security:","Create random pins or verification codes","tools/reaction-rate-calculator",{"_166":11349,"_200":11350,"_1065":11351,"_11358":11359,"_57":11366,"_136":11374,"_1235":11381,"_1238":11383,"_989":11385},"Reaction Rate Calculator","Calculate chemical reaction kinetics for zero, first, and second-order reactions",{"_11352":11353,"_11354":11355,"_11356":11357,"_2727":10563},"orderLabel","Reaction Order","initialConcLabel","Initial Concentration [A]₀ (M)","rateConstantLabel","Rate Constant (k)","orders",{"_11360":11361,"_11362":11363,"_11364":11365},"zero","Zero-Order (rate = k)","first","First-Order (rate = k[A])","second","Second-Order (rate = k[A]²)",{"_4549":11367,"_5812":11368,"_4002":11369,"_11370":11357,"_10618":11371,"_5828":11372,"_2756":2757,"_9119":11373},"[A] at time t","Half-life (t½)","Rate at time t","rateConstant","Conversion Progress","Initial","Concentration vs Time",{"_11375":11376,"_11377":11378,"_11379":11380},"radioactive","Radioactive Decay","enzyme","Enzyme Saturation","bimolecular","Bimolecular",{"_1094":11382},"Enter values to calculate reaction kinetics",{"_166":11384},"Integrated Rate Laws",{"_166":11386,"_200":11387,"_11388":11389,"_11390":11391,"_11392":11393,"_11394":11395,"_11396":11397,"_11398":11399,"_11400":11401,"_11402":11403},"About Reaction Rate Calculator","Calculate how reactant concentration changes over time for different reaction orders. This tool applies integrated rate laws to determine concentration at any time and half-life.","ordersTitle","Reaction Orders","order0","Zero-order: Rate is constant regardless of concentration (saturated enzymes)","order1","First-order: Rate is proportional to [A] (radioactive decay, many unimolecular reactions)","order2","Second-order: Rate is proportional to [A]² (many bimolecular reactions)","halfLifeTitle","Half-Life Characteristics","half0","Zero-order: t½ depends on initial concentration (decreases as reaction proceeds)","half1","First-order: t½ is constant (independent of concentration)","half2","Second-order: t½ increases as reaction proceeds (inversely proportional to [A]₀)","tools/reading-time-calculator",{"_166":11406,"_200":11407,"_136":11408,"_1065":11416,"_11421":11422,"_11423":11424,"_57":11434,"_569":11439,"_10444":11440,"_1096":11450,"_989":11451},"Reading Time Calculator","Estimate how long it will take to read any text",{"_11409":11410,"_11411":11412,"_5926":11413,"_11414":11415},"short","Short Paragraph","shortText","The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. This classic pangram contains every letter of the English alphabet at least once, making it perfect for testing fonts and keyboards. It has been used since at least the late 1800s and remains popular today for typing practice and demonstrations.","Medium Article","mediumText","Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.\n\nDuis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.\n\nSed ut perspiciatis unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem aperiam, eaque ipsa quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae dicta sunt explicabo.",{"_1489":11417,"_2883":11418,"_11419":11420},"Paste Your Text Here","Paste or type the text you want to analyze...","speedLabel","Reading Speed:","wpm","WPM","levels",{"_11425":11426,"_11427":11428,"_2053":2054,"_11429":11430,"_311":11431,"_11432":11433},"slow","Slow","belowAverage","Below Average","aboveAverage","Above Average","Fast","speedReader","Speed Reader",{"_11435":11436,"_2730":11437,"_3859":11438},"estimatedTime","Estimated Reading Time","({{seconds}} seconds)","({{minutes}} minutes)",{"_2889":2890,"_1586":2886,"_2891":2892,"_2893":2894},{"_166":11441,"_11442":11443,"_11444":11445,"_11446":11447,"_11448":11449},"Additional Estimates","speakingTime","Speaking time (150 WPM):","slowReading","Slow reading (100 WPM):","fastReading","Fast reading (300 WPM):","charactersNoSpaces","Characters (no spaces):","Paste or type text above to calculate reading time",{"_166":11452,"_11453":11454,"_11455":11456,"_11457":11458,"_11459":11460,"_11461":11462,"_11463":11464,"_11465":11466,"_11467":11468,"_11469":11470,"_11471":11472,"_11473":11474,"_11475":11476,"_11477":11478,"_11479":11480,"_11481":11482,"_11483":11484,"_11485":7790,"_11486":11487,"_11488":11489,"_11490":11491,"_11492":11493,"_11494":11495,"_11496":11497,"_11498":11499,"_1126":2573,"_1128":11500,"_1130":11501,"_1132":11502,"_1134":11503,"_1136":11504},"About Reading Time","speedsTitle","Average Reading Speeds","elementary","Elementary school:","elementarySpeed","80-120 words per minute","middleSchool","Middle school:","middleSchoolSpeed","120-180 words per minute","highSchool","High school:","highSchoolSpeed","180-240 words per minute","college","College students:","collegeSpeed","200-300 words per minute","adult","Average adult:","adultSpeed","200-250 words per minute","speedReaders","Speed readers:","speedReadersSpeed","300-700+ words per minute","factorsTitle","Factors Affecting Reading Speed","factor1Label","Text difficulty:","factor1Text","Technical or complex text is slower to read","factor2Label","factor2Text","Scanning is faster than careful study","factor3Label","Familiarity:","factor3Text","Topics you know well are faster to read","factor4Label","Font and formatting:","factor4Text","Clear typography improves speed","factor5Label","Distractions:","factor5Text","Quiet environment enables faster reading","Estimate time needed to read articles or blog posts","Plan study time for textbooks and assignments","Calculate reading time for presentations or speeches","Set realistic goals for book reading","Add \"X min read\" labels to blog posts","tools/receipt-maker",{"_166":11507,"_200":11508,"_136":11509,"_1065":11548,"_11560":11561,"_11570":11571,"_1073":11588,"_989":11591},"Receipt Maker","Create professional receipts with automatic tax calculation",{"_11510":11511,"_11512":11513,"_11514":11515,"_11516":11517,"_11518":11519,"_11520":11521,"_11522":11523,"_11524":11525,"_11526":11527,"_11528":11529,"_11530":11531,"_11532":11533,"_11534":11535,"_11536":11537,"_11538":11539,"_11540":11541,"_11542":11543,"_11544":11545,"_11546":11547},"retailPurchase","Retail Purchase","retailPurchaseBusinessName","Fashion Boutique","retailPurchaseBusinessAddress","456 Shopping Ave, New York, NY 10001","retailPurchaseItem1","Blue Cotton T-Shirt","retailPurchaseItem2","Denim Jeans","retailPurchaseItem3","Leather Belt","serviceReceipt","Service Receipt","serviceReceiptBusinessName","QuickFix Auto Repair","serviceReceiptBusinessAddress","789 Mechanic Rd, Austin, TX 78701","serviceReceiptItem1","Oil Change Service","serviceReceiptItem2","Tire Rotation","serviceReceiptItem3","Brake Inspection","restaurantBill","Restaurant Bill","restaurantBillBusinessName","The Garden Cafe","restaurantBillBusinessAddress","123 Main Street, San Francisco, CA 94102","restaurantBillItem1","Caesar Salad","restaurantBillItem2","Grilled Salmon","restaurantBillItem3","Iced Tea","restaurantBillItem4","Cheesecake",{"_8680":8681,"_11549":11550,"_11551":11552,"_11553":11554,"_11555":11556,"_11557":11558,"_5475":5476,"_11559":9363},"businessNamePlaceholder","Your Business Name","businessAddress","Business Address","businessAddressPlaceholder","123 Main St, City, State","receiptDate","Receipt Date","paymentMethod","Payment Method","taxRatePlaceholder","paymentMethods",{"_11562":11563,"_11564":11565,"_11566":11567,"_187":7727,"_11568":11569},"cash","Cash","creditCard","Credit Card","debitCard","Debit Card","mobilePayment","Mobile Payment","receipt",{"_11572":11573,"_11574":11575,"_11576":11577,"_1705":11578,"_11579":7077,"_11179":11580,"_11583":7083,"_7085":7086,"_7087":7088,"_1729":7089,"_11584":11585,"_11586":11587},"businessNameDefault","[Business Name]","businessAddressDefault","[Business Address]","receiptHeader","RECEIPT","Date: {{date}}","dateDefault",{"_11581":1773,"_11582":11160},"item","price","itemDescriptionPlaceholder","paymentMethodLabel","Payment Method: {{method}}","thankYou","Thank you for your business!",{"_1716":7084,"_11589":11590},"printReceipt","Print Receipt",{"_166":11592,"_200":11593,"_1275":1276,"_1004":11594,"_1006":11595,"_1008":11596,"_1467":11597},"How to Use the Receipt Maker","Fill in your business details, add purchased items with prices, and set the tax rate if applicable. The total is calculated automatically. Click Print to create a physical receipt or save as PDF.","Keep receipt copies for tax and accounting purposes","Verify all prices and calculations before printing","Use consistent business information on all receipts","Consider adding a receipt number for tracking","tools/refund-policy-generator",{"_166":11600,"_200":11601,"_136":11602,"_1065":11609,"_11621":11622,"_1073":11629,"_1514":11632,"_989":11636},"Refund Policy Generator","Generate a professional refund policy tailored to your business type",{"_11603":11604,"_11605":11606,"_11607":11608},"onlineStore30day","Online Store (30-day)","digitalProductsNoRefunds","Digital Products (No Refunds)","servicesPartialRefunds","Services (Partial Refunds)",{"_11610":11611,"_9331":7054,"_11612":11613,"_11614":11615,"_11616":11617,"_11618":11619,"_10755":10756,"_10757":11620},"companyBusinessName","Company/Business Name","businessType","Business Type","refundWindowDays","Refund Window (Days)","refundWindowPlaceholder","30","refundWindowHelper","Number of days customers have to request a refund","support@yourcompany.com","businessTypes",{"_11623":11624,"_11625":11626,"_11627":11628},"ecommerce","E-commerce / Physical Products","digital","Digital Products / Downloads","service","Services / Subscriptions",{"_11630":11631,"_1578":1579},"generateRefundPolicy","Generate Refund Policy",{"_10771":11633,"_11634":11635,"_10775":10776},"Legal Disclaimer: This is not legal advice. Consult with a qualified attorney to ensure your refund policy complies with consumer protection laws.","generatedRefundPolicy","Generated Refund Policy",{"_166":11637,"_200":11638,"_11639":11640,"_11641":11642,"_11643":11644,"_11645":11646,"_11647":11648,"_11649":11650,"_11651":11652,"_11653":11654},"About Refund Policies","A refund policy sets customer expectations about returns, exchanges, and refunds. A clear policy helps prevent disputes and builds customer trust. Some jurisdictions require refund policies by law.","importantConsiderationsTitle","Important Considerations","consideration1","Consumer protection laws vary by country and state","consideration2","Some regions mandate minimum return periods (e.g., EU: 14 days)","consideration3","Be clear about who pays return shipping costs","consideration4","Specify conditions for eligible returns","consideration5","Consider how to handle defective or damaged items","consideration6","Update your policy if your business model changes","consideration7","Make your refund policy easy to find on your website","tools/regex-tester",{"_166":11657,"_200":11658,"_136":11659,"_1065":11672,"_11681":11682,"_57":11689,"_616":11699,"_989":11706},"Regex Tester","Test and debug your regular expressions",{"_11660":11661,"_11662":11663,"_11664":11665,"_11666":11667,"_11668":11669,"_11670":11671},"emailAddresses","Email Addresses","emailAddressesText","Contact us at: support@example.com or sales@company.org","phoneNumbers","Phone Numbers","phoneNumbersText","Phone numbers: 555-123-4567 and 555-987-6543","captureGroups","Capture Groups","captureGroupsText","John Doe\nJane Smith\nBob Johnson",{"_11673":11674,"_11675":11676,"_11677":11678,"_11679":11680},"pattern","Regular Expression Pattern","patternPlaceholder","Enter regex pattern (e.g., \\d+, [A-Z]\\w+)","testText","Test Text","testTextPlaceholder","Enter text to test against the regex...","flags",{"_11683":11684,"_11685":11686,"_11687":11688},"global","Global (g)","caseInsensitive","Case Insensitive (i)","multiline","Multiline (m)",{"_140":11690,"_11691":11692,"_11693":11694,"_11695":11696,"_11697":11698},"Error: {{message}}","matchesFound","{{count}} match found","matchesFound_other","{{count}} matches found","highlightedMatches","Highlighted Matches","matchDetails","Match Details",{"_7074":11181,"_11700":11701,"_11702":11703,"_11668":11669,"_11704":11705},"match","Match","index","Index","noGroups","-",{"_166":11707,"_200":11708,"_3108":3109,"_11709":11710,"_11711":11712,"_11668":11713,"_11714":11715},"How to Use Regex Tester","Enter a regular expression pattern, choose flags, and test it against your text. See matches highlighted in real-time with detailed information about each match and capture groups.","liveHighlighting","Live Highlighting: See matches highlighted in yellow","regexFlags","Regex Flags: Support for global (g), case-insensitive (i), and multiline (m)","Capture Groups: View captured groups for each match","errorMessages","Error Messages: Clear feedback on invalid regex patterns","tools/relative-velocity-calculator",{"_166":11718,"_200":11719,"_1065":11720,"_11731":11732,"_57":11737,"_136":11748,"_1238":11755,"_989":11760},"Relative Velocity Calculator","Calculate relative velocity between two moving objects with vector visualization",{"_11721":11722,"_11723":11724,"_11725":11726,"_11727":11728,"_11729":11730},"directionLabel","Direction Preset","speedALabel","Speed of A (m/s)","angleALabel","Angle of A (°)","speedBLabel","Speed of B (m/s)","angleBLabel","Angle of B (°)","directions",{"_3793":11733,"_3791":11734,"_6921":11735,"_2300":11736},"Same Direction","Opposite Directions","Perpendicular","Custom Angles",{"_11738":11739,"_11740":11741,"_1309":1310,"_369":11742,"_1954":11743,"_11744":11745,"_11746":11747},"vAB","Velocity of A relative to B","vBA","Velocity of B relative to A","Vector Diagram","Physical Meaning","explanationA","From B's perspective, A appears to move at","explanationB","From A's perspective, B appears to move at",{"_11749":11750,"_11751":11752,"_11753":11754},"cars","Cars on Highway","trains","Passing Trains","plane","Crosswind Flight",{"_166":11756,"_11738":11757,"_11740":11758,"_3311":11759},"Relative Velocity Formulas","vA/B = vA - vB (velocity of A relative to B)","vB/A = vB - vA (velocity of B relative to A)","|v| = √(vx² + vy²)",{"_166":11761,"_200":11762,"_1260":1261,"_1262":11763,"_1264":11764,"_1266":11765,"_4790":4888,"_4791":11766,"_4793":11767,"_4795":11768},"About Relative Velocity Calculator","Calculate how fast one object appears to move from the perspective of another moving object. This uses vector subtraction to find relative velocities.","Relative velocity is the velocity of one object as observed from another moving object","vA/B = vA - vB (vector subtraction)","The magnitudes of vA/B and vB/A are equal but directions are opposite","Aviation - calculating ground speed with wind","Maritime navigation - currents and boat speeds","Traffic analysis - relative motion between vehicles","tools/remove-duplicates",{"_166":11771,"_200":11772,"_136":11773,"_1065":11780,"_11786":11787,"_1580":11791,"_1073":11794,"_569":11795,"_989":11801},"Remove Duplicates","Remove duplicate lines from your text",{"_11774":11775,"_11776":11777,"_11778":11779},"removeDuplicatesKeepFirst","Remove Duplicates (Keep First)","caseSensitive","Case Sensitive","keepLastOccurrence","Keep Last Occurrence",{"_11781":11782,"_2883":11783,"_11784":11785,"_11776":11777},"textWithDuplicates","Text with Duplicates","Enter text, one item per line...","keepOccurrence","Keep Occurrence","keepOptions",{"_11788":11789,"_11790":11779},"keepFirst","Keep First Occurrence","keepLast",{"_11792":11793},"deduplicatedText","Deduplicated Text",{"_20":21},{"_11796":11797,"_11798":11799,"_4427":11800},"originalLines","Original lines: {{count}}","uniqueLines","Unique lines: {{count}}","Removed: {{count}} duplicates",{"_166":11802,"_200":11803,"_3108":3109,"_11804":11805,"_11806":11807,"_1871":11808,"_11809":11810},"How to Use Remove Duplicates","Paste or type your text (one item per line), and instantly remove duplicate lines. Choose whether to keep the first or last occurrence of each duplicate, and control case sensitivity.","keepFirstLast","Keep First/Last: Choose which occurrence to keep","caseSensitiveOption","Case Sensitive: Option to treat \"Apple\" and \"apple\" as different","Statistics: See original count, unique count, and removed count","preservesOrder","Preserves Order: Maintains the order of first/last occurrences","tools/remove-line-breaks",{"_166":11813,"_200":11814,"_136":11815,"_1065":11820,"_1168":11826,"_1073":11843,"_569":11846,"_57":11848,"_989":11851},"Remove Line Breaks","Clean up text by removing unwanted line breaks and spaces",{"_11816":11817,"_11818":11819,"_2893":2894},"multipleLines","Multiple Lines","extraSpaces","Extra Spaces",{"_1145":11821,"_7157":6043,"_11822":11823,"_7159":11824,"_7160":11825},"Choose Cleaning Mode","inputPlaceholder","Paste your text here...","Cleaned Output","Cleaned text will appear here...",{"_11827":11828,"_11829":11830,"_11831":11832,"_11833":11834,"_11835":11836,"_11837":11838,"_11839":11840,"_11841":11842},"allTitle","Remove All Line Breaks","allDesc","Convert to single line, clean extra spaces","paragraphsTitle","Keep Paragraphs","paragraphsDesc","Remove single line breaks, keep double (paragraphs)","extraSpacesTitle","Remove Extra Spaces","extraSpacesDesc","Keep line breaks, remove multiple spaces","allSpacesTitle","Remove All Spaces","allSpacesDesc","Remove spaces, keep line breaks",{"_11844":11845,"_7154":7155},"clean","Clean Text",{"_59":11847,"_61":11847},"{{chars}} characters, {{lines}} lines",{"_5201":11849,"_569":11850},"Text Cleaned Successfully","Reduced from {{from}} to {{to}} characters ({{sign}}{{diff}} characters)",{"_166":2901,"_11852":11853,"_11854":11855,"_11856":11857,"_11858":11859,"_11860":11861,"_11862":11863,"_11864":11865,"_11866":11867,"_11868":11869,"_11870":11871},"use1Title","Copy-Pasted Text","use1Desc","Clean text copied from PDFs or websites with unwanted line breaks","use2Title","Email Formatting","use2Desc","Remove formatting issues from forwarded emails","use3Title","Code Comments","use3Desc","Format multi-line comments into single lines","use4Title","Social Media","use4Desc","Prepare text for platforms with character limits","use5Title","Data Cleaning","use5Desc","Prepare text data for databases or CSV files","tools/resistor-circuits-calculator",{"_166":11874,"_200":11875,"_1065":11876,"_11015":11885,"_57":11889,"_616":11896,"_136":11903,"_1235":11907,"_1238":11909,"_989":11921},"Resistor Circuits Calculator","Calculate equivalent resistance, current, and power for series and parallel resistor circuits",{"_1495":11877,"_8850":2722,"_11878":11879,"_2914":11880,"_156":11881,"_2725":11882,"_11883":11884},"Circuit Type","resistorsLabel","Resistor Values (Ω)","Enter resistance values separated by commas","resistors detected","12","resistorsPlaceholder","100, 200, 300",{"_11886":11887,"_6902":11888},"series","Series Circuit","Parallel Circuit",{"_11890":11891,"_2752":11892,"_3299":11893,"_369":11894,"_189":11895},"equivalent","Equivalent Resistance","Total Current","Total Power","Circuit Diagram","Individual Resistor Analysis",{"_11897":11898,"_8861":11899,"_2752":11900,"_2750":11901,"_3299":11902},"resistor","Resistor","R (Ω)","I (A)","V (V)","P (W)",{"_11886":11904,"_6902":11905,"_2750":11906},"Series LEDs","Parallel Load","Voltage Divider",{"_1094":11908},"Enter resistor values and voltage to analyze the circuit",{"_166":11910,"_11886":11911,"_6902":11916,"_3299":11920},"Circuit Formulas",{"_11912":11913,"_2752":11914,"_2750":11915},"eq","R_eq = R₁ + R₂ + R₃ + ...","I_total = V / R_eq (same current through all)","V_n = I × R_n",{"_11912":11917,"_2750":11918,"_2752":11919},"1/R_eq = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + 1/R₃ + ...","V across each = V_source (same voltage)","I_n = V / R_n","P = I² × R = V² / R = V × I",{"_166":11922,"_200":11923,"_11924":11925,"_11926":11927,"_11928":11929,"_11930":11931,"_11932":11933,"_11934":11935,"_11936":11937,"_11938":11939},"About Resistor Circuits Calculator","Analyze resistor networks in series or parallel configurations. Calculate equivalent resistance, current distribution, voltage drops, and power dissipation.","seriesTitle","Series Circuits","series1","Current is the same through all resistors","series2","Voltages add up to source voltage (voltage divider)","series3","R_eq is the sum of all resistances","parallelTitle","Parallel Circuits","parallel1","Voltage is the same across all resistors","parallel2","Currents add up to total current (current divider)","parallel3","R_eq is always less than the smallest resistor","tools/riemann-sum-calculator",{"_166":11942,"_200":11943,"_1065":11944,"_11961":11962,"_57":11971,"_616":11983,"_136":11988,"_11959":11995,"_438":12005,"_1235":12010,"_1238":12012,"_989":12018},"Riemann Sum Calculator","Approximate definite integrals using left, right, midpoint, and trapezoidal Riemann sums",{"_4202":11945,"_4204":11946,"_7479":7480,"_11947":11948,"_11949":9363,"_11950":11951,"_11952":11953,"_11954":11955,"_11956":11957,"_10559":11958,"_11959":11960},"Integrand f(x)","e.g., x^2, sin(x), e^x","lowerLabel","Lower Bound (a)","lowerPlaceholder","upperLabel","Upper Bound (b)","upperPlaceholder","1","intervalsLabel","Subintervals (n)","intervalsPlaceholder","10","Method","commonIntegrals","Common Integrals","methods",{"_11963":11964,"_11965":11966,"_11967":11968,"_11969":11970},"left","Left Riemann","right","Right Riemann","midpoint","Midpoint","trapezoidal","Trapezoidal",{"_11972":11973,"_11974":11975,"_11976":11977,"_11978":11979,"_1199":1200,"_9912":11980,"_11981":11982},"integralFrom","∫ {{expression}} dx from {{lower}} to {{upper}}","approximatelyEquals","≈","deltaXEquals","Δx =","withN","Riemann Sum with","Method Comparison","rectangles","Rectangle Details",{"_11984":11985,"_1576":11986,"_1402":1403,"_6083":11987},"interval","Interval","Sample x","Area",{"_11989":11990,"_11991":11992,"_11993":11994},"xSquared","x² from 0 to 1","sinx","sin(x) from 0 to π","exp","eˣ from 0 to 1",{"_11989":11996,"_11991":11997,"_11993":11998,"_11999":12000,"_12001":12002,"_12003":12004},"∫ x² dx","∫ sin(x) dx","∫ eˣ dx","oneOverX","∫ 1/x dx","sqrtX","∫ √x dx","xCubed","∫ x³ dx",{"_12006":12007,"_12008":12009,"_7476":7527},"bounds","Lower bound must be less than upper bound","intervals","Number of intervals must be at least 1",{"_1094":12011},"Enter a function and bounds to calculate the Riemann sum",{"_166":12013,"_12014":12015,"_12016":12017},"Riemann Sum Formula","riemann","Σ f(xᵢ*) × Δx","deltaX","Δx = (b - a) / n",{"_166":12019,"_200":12020,"_12021":12022,"_12023":12024,"_12025":12026,"_12027":12028,"_12029":12030,"_12031":12032},"About Riemann Sum Calculator","Approximate the area under a curve by dividing it into rectangles. As the number of subintervals increases, the approximation converges to the exact integral.","methodsTitle","Riemann Methods","method1","Left: Uses the left endpoint of each subinterval","method2","Right: Uses the right endpoint of each subinterval","method3","Midpoint: Uses the midpoint (most accurate rectangle method)","method4","Trapezoidal: Uses trapezoids instead of rectangles","convergence","As n → ∞, the Riemann sum converges to the definite integral.","tools/robots-txt-generator",{"_166":12035,"_200":12036,"_136":12037,"_1065":12042,"_61":12066,"_224":12068,"_989":12071},"Robots.txt Generator","Generate robots.txt file for your website",{"_2770":12038,"_11623":12039,"_12040":12041},"Standard Site","E-commerce","allowAll","Allow All",{"_12043":12044,"_12045":12046,"_12047":12048,"_12049":12050,"_12051":12052,"_12053":12054,"_12055":12056,"_12057":12058,"_12059":9363,"_12060":12061,"_12062":12063,"_12064":12065},"userAgent","User-agent","userAgentPlaceholder","*","userAgentHelper","Use * for all crawlers, or specify like Googlebot","allowPaths","Allow Paths (one per line)","allowPathsPlaceholder","/public/\n/images/","disallowPaths","Disallow Paths (one per line)","disallowPathsPlaceholder","/admin/\n/private/\n/tmp/","crawlDelay","Crawl Delay (seconds)","crawlDelayPlaceholder","crawlDelayHelper","Leave empty for no delay","sitemapUrl","Sitemap URL","sitemapUrlPlaceholder","https://example.com/sitemap.xml",{"_166":12067,"_20":21},"Generated robots.txt",{"_1352":12069,"_168":12070},"How to use","Save this content as robots.txt and upload it to your website's root directory (e.g., https://example.com/robots.txt).",{"_166":12072,"_1102":12073,"_12074":12075,"_12076":12077,"_12078":12044,"_12079":12080,"_12081":12082,"_12083":12084,"_12085":12086,"_12087":12088,"_12089":12090,"_12091":12092,"_12093":12094,"_12095":12096,"_4090":6734,"_4092":12097,"_4094":12098,"_4096":12099},"Understanding robots.txt","What is robots.txt?","whatIsText","A robots.txt file tells search engine crawlers which pages they can or cannot request from your site. It's a standard used by websites to communicate with web crawlers.","directivesTitle","Common Directives","userAgentLabel","userAgentText","Specifies which crawler the rules apply to","allowLabel","Allow","allowText","Permits crawling of specific paths","disallowLabel","Disallow","disallowText","Blocks crawling of specific paths","sitemapLabel","Sitemap","sitemapText","Points to your XML sitemap","crawlDelayLabel","Crawl-delay","crawlDelayText","Sets delay between requests (not all bots respect this)","robots.txt is publicly accessible - don't hide sensitive URLs here","It's a directive, not enforcement - malicious bots may ignore it","Always include a sitemap for better indexing","tools/roi-calculator",{"_166":12102,"_200":12103,"_136":12104,"_1065":12111,"_57":12123,"_12135":12136,"_1954":12145,"_989":12148,"_1235":12163},"ROI Calculator","Calculate return on investment (ROI) to measure the profitability of your investments",{"_12105":12106,"_12107":12108,"_12109":12110},"stockInvestment","Stock Investment","marketingCampaign","Marketing Campaign","lossExample","Loss Example",{"_3475":3476,"_3477":12112,"_12113":12114,"_12115":12116,"_12117":12118,"_12119":12120,"_12121":12122},"Enter initial investment amount","finalValue","Final Value / Return ($)","finalValuePlaceholder","Enter final value","additionalCosts","Additional Costs / Fees ($) - Optional","additionalCostsPlaceholder","Enter additional costs","additionalCostsHelper","Includes fees, commissions, or other related expenses",{"_12124":12125,"_12126":12127,"_12113":12128,"_12129":12130,"_10599":10600,"_12131":12132,"_12133":12134},"roi","Return on Investment (ROI)","totalInvestment","Total Investment","Final Value","gain","Gain","returnMultiple","Return Multiple","multipleValue","{{value}}x","roiDescriptions",{"_9245":2230,"_12137":12138,"_12139":2232,"_3667":3668,"_2143":12140,"_12141":12142,"_12143":12144},"veryGood","Very Good","good","Break Even+","minorLoss","Minor Loss","significantLoss","Significant Loss",{"_2137":12146,"_10599":12147},"Interpretation: For every $1 invested, you received ${{multiple}} back, earning {{roi}}.","Interpretation: For every $1 invested, you received ${{multiple}} back, losing {{roi}}.",{"_166":12149,"_200":12150,"_1197":2855,"_1867":12151,"_6727":2573,"_12152":12153,"_817":12154,"_847":12155,"_12156":12157,"_888":12158,"_12159":12160,"_12161":12162},"Understanding ROI","Return on Investment (ROI) is a performance measure used to evaluate the efficiency of an investment. It measures the amount of return on an investment relative to its cost.","ROI = (Final Value - Total Investment) / Total Investment × 100%","stocks","Stock investments: Compare returns across different stocks","Marketing campaigns: Measure revenue generated vs. ad spend","Business projects: Evaluate profitability of initiatives","realEstate","Real estate: Calculate returns on property investments","Education: Assess value of courses or certifications","benchmarksTitle","ROI Benchmarks","benchmarksDesc","Good ROI varies by industry and investment type. Stock market average: ~10%/year. Real estate: 8-12%/year. Marketing: 5:1 ratio (500% ROI) is considered good.",{"_509":12164},"Enter investment details to calculate ROI","tools/roman-numeral-converter",{"_166":12167,"_200":12168,"_1168":12169,"_1065":12174,"_12181":12182,"_57":12183,"_438":12186,"_5014":12190,"_989":12192},"Roman Numeral Converter","Convert between Roman numerals and standard numbers (1-3999)",{"_12170":12171,"_12172":12173},"numberToRoman","Number → Roman","romanToNumber","Roman → Number",{"_8802":12175,"_12176":12177,"_10636":12178,"_12179":12180},"Enter Number (1-3999)","enterRoman","Enter Roman Numeral","e.g., 2024","romanPlaceholder","e.g., MMXXIV","tryExamples","Try examples:",{"_7074":8599,"_12184":12185},"romanNumeral","Roman Numeral",{"_100":12187,"_12188":12189},"Please enter a number between 1 and 3999","invalidRoman","Invalid Roman numeral",{"_166":12191},"Roman Numeral Symbols",{"_166":12193,"_200":12194,"_12195":12196,"_12197":12198,"_12199":12200,"_12201":12202,"_12203":12204,"_12205":12206,"_12207":12208,"_12209":12210},"How Roman Numerals Work","Roman numerals are a numeral system that originated in ancient Rome and remained the usual way of writing numbers throughout Europe until the late Middle Ages.","basicRulesTitle","Basic Rules","additionRule","Addition: When a smaller symbol appears after a larger one, add them (VI = 5 + 1 = 6)","subtractionRule","Subtraction: When a smaller symbol appears before a larger one, subtract it (IV = 5 - 1 = 4)","repetitionRule","Repetition: A symbol can be repeated up to 3 times (III = 3, XXX = 30)","noZeroRule","No Zero: Roman numerals have no symbol for zero","subtractionCombinationsTitle","Subtraction Combinations","modernUsageTitle","Modern Usage","modernUsageDesc","Roman numerals are still used today for clock faces, book chapters, movie sequels, Super Bowl numbers, and formal documents.","tools/rotational-kinetic-energy-calculator",{"_166":12213,"_200":12214,"_1065":12215,"_1168":12229,"_57":12232,"_136":12254,"_1235":12259,"_1238":12261,"_989":12267,"_1174":12282,"_2283":12287},"Rotational Kinetic Energy Calculator","Calculate rotational and translational kinetic energy for spinning and rolling objects",{"_1145":1146,"_12216":1166,"_12217":1204,"_12218":1162,"_12219":1208,"_12220":12221,"_12222":12223,"_12224":12225,"_1147":12226,"_1149":1150,"_1153":1154,"_10564":12227,"_10566":10567,"_6795":2819,"_10946":12228},"momentLabel","momentPlaceholder","omegaLabel","omegaPlaceholder","rpmLabel","Angular Velocity (RPM)","rpmPlaceholder","rev/min","useRPM","Use RPM instead of rad/s","Object Shape","Linear Velocity (m/s)","m (optional)",{"_4358":12230,"_2219":12231},"Rolling Motion (Translational + Rotational)","Rotational KE Only",{"_1193":1196,"_12233":12234,"_12235":12236,"_12237":12238,"_12239":12240,"_12241":12242,"_12243":12244,"_12245":1194,"_12246":12247,"_5539":12248,"_1397":12249,"_1199":12250,"_12251":12252,"_12253":1148},"parameters","Angular Motion Parameters","omega","Angular Velocity","rpm","RPM","I","Moment of Inertia","totalKE","Total Kinetic Energy","transKE","Translational KE","rotKE","motionParams","Motion Parameters","Shape Coefficient","KE Ratio (Rot/Total)","Energy Visualization","energyDistribution","Energy Distribution","shapeNote",{"_12255":12256,"_12257":12258,"_8395":8396},"rollingDisk","Rolling Disk","rollingSphere","Rolling Ball",{"_1094":12260},"Enter valid values to calculate rotational kinetic energy",{"_166":1240,"_12245":12262,"_12243":12263,"_4358":12264,"_1176":12265,"_1178":12266},"KE_rot = ½Iω²","KE_trans = ½mv²","v = ωR (rolling without slipping)","I_disk = ½MR²","I_sphere = ⅖MR²",{"_166":12268,"_200":12269,"_12270":12271,"_12272":12273,"_12274":12275,"_12276":12277,"_12278":12279,"_12280":12281},"About Rotational Kinetic Energy Calculator","Calculate the kinetic energy of rotating and rolling objects. For rolling without slipping, both translational and rotational kinetic energy contribute to the total.","shapesTitle","Moment of Inertia by Shape","shape1","Solid Disk/Cylinder: I = ½MR² (50% rotational KE)","shape2","Solid Sphere: I = ⅖MR² (40% rotational KE)","shape3","Thin Ring/Hoop: I = MR² (66.7% rotational KE)","shape4","Hollow Sphere: I = ⅔MR² (60% rotational KE)","rollingNote","For rolling without slipping, v = ωR. The shape determines how kinetic energy is distributed between translation and rotation.",{"_1176":12283,"_1178":1179,"_8379":12284,"_12285":12286},"Solid Disk/Cylinder","Thin Ring/Hoop","hollowSphere","Hollow Sphere",{"_12288":12289,"_12290":12291,"_12241":12292,"_12293":12294,"_12295":12296},"trans","Trans","rot","Rot","Total KE","pe","PE","mech","Mech","tools/ruler-on-screen",{"_166":12299,"_200":12300,"_12301":12302,"_1065":12318,"_1201":12322,"_12325":12326,"_1073":12330,"_12333":12334,"_12341":12342,"_989":12343},"Ruler On Screen","Measure objects on your screen with an online ruler","calibration",{"_166":12303,"_984":12304,"_12305":12306,"_12307":12308,"_12309":12310,"_12311":12312,"_12313":12314,"_12315":12316,"_12317":41},"Calibrate Your Ruler","To calibrate, place a physical credit card or ID card on your screen and adjust the size until it matches perfectly.","cardSizeTitle","Standard credit card size:","cardWidth","Width: 3.375 inches (85.6mm)","cardHeight","Height: 2.125 inches (53.98mm)","adjustPpi","Adjust PPI: {{ppi}}","testRectangle","Credit Card Size\n3.375\" × 2.125\"","doneButton","Done","cancelButton",{"_10154":1686,"_12319":12320,"_2817":12321},"orientation","Orientation","Length ({{unit}})",{"_10155":1920,"_1913":6154,"_12323":12324},"px","Pixels","orientations",{"_12327":12328,"_6583":12329},"horizontal","Horizontal","Vertical",{"_12331":12332},"calibrateRuler","🎯 Calibrate Ruler","currentSettings",{"_166":12335,"_10106":12336,"_12337":12338,"_12339":12340},"Current Settings:","• Screen PPI: {{ppi}}","devicePixelRatio","• Device Pixel Ratio: {{ratio}}x","rulerLength","• Ruler Length: {{length}} {{unit}}","measureInstruction","Place an object next to the ruler to measure it on your screen",{"_166":12344,"_12345":12346,"_12347":12348,"_12349":12350,"_1036":12351,"_1038":12352,"_1040":12353,"_1948":12354,"_2490":12355,"_1275":1276,"_1004":12356,"_1006":12357,"_1008":12358,"_1467":12359,"_3521":12360},"How to Use the Online Ruler","calibrationTitle","Calibration","calibrationDesc","For accurate measurements, calibrate the ruler using a physical object of known size (like a credit card). This accounts for different screen sizes and resolutions.","measuringObjectsTitle","Measuring Objects","Calibrate the ruler using a credit card or known object","Choose your preferred unit (inches, cm, or pixels)","Select horizontal or vertical orientation","Place the object on your screen next to the ruler","Read the measurement from the ruler marks","Calibration is important for accurate measurements","Use a credit card (3.375\" × 2.125\") for easy calibration","Different monitors may require different calibration","This tool works best for small objects and quick measurements","For precise measurements, use a physical ruler","tools/sale-price-calculator",{"_166":12363,"_200":12364,"_136":12365,"_1065":12369,"_12378":12379,"_57":12380,"_989":12389,"_1235":12404},"Sale Price Calculator","Find out what you'll pay at checkout after the sale discount is applied",{"_1028":12366,"_1030":12367,"_1889":12368},"25% off $75","40% off $150","10% off $299",{"_12370":12371,"_12372":12373,"_12374":12375,"_12376":12377},"regularPrice","Regular Price ($)","regularPricePlaceholder","Enter regular price","percentOff","Percent Off (%)","percentOffPlaceholder","Enter percent off (e.g., 20 for 20% off)","popularSales","Popular sale percentages:",{"_12381":12382,"_12383":12384,"_12385":12386,"_12387":12388},"salePriceLabel","Sale Price","savingsText","Save {{savings}} ({{percent}}% off regular price)","regularPriceLabel","Regular Price","yourSavingsLabel","Your Savings",{"_166":12390,"_200":12391,"_3875":3876,"_12392":12393,"_12394":12395,"_12396":12397,"_12398":12399,"_12400":12401,"_12402":12403},"How to Use This Sale Price Calculator","Quickly find out what you'll actually pay when an item is on sale. Enter the regular price and the sale percentage to see your final cost and total savings.","perfectFor1","Shopping in stores with percentage-off sales","perfectFor2","Comparing deals from different retailers","perfectFor3","Planning your budget during sales events","perfectFor4","Calculating savings on online purchases","proTipTitle","Pro Tip","proTipDesc","Many stores offer \"20% off\" or \"30% off\" sales. Use this calculator to know your exact final price before you get to checkout!",{"_509":12405},"Enter original price to calculate sale price","tools/sales-tax-calculator",{"_166":12408,"_200":12409,"_136":12410,"_1168":12414,"_1065":12419,"_12429":12430,"_12431":12432,"_57":12457,"_989":12465,"_1235":12478},"Sales Tax Calculator","Calculate sales tax on purchases or remove tax from a total price",{"_3795":12411,"_5926":12412,"_5924":12413},"Small Purchase (7%)","Medium Purchase (8.25%)","Large Purchase (10%)",{"_12415":12416,"_12417":12418},"addTax","Add Tax to Price","removeTax","Remove Tax from Total",{"_12420":12421,"_12422":12423,"_12424":12425,"_12426":12427,"_5475":5476,"_11559":12428,"_12429":12430},"preTaxPrice","Pre-Tax Price ($)","totalPriceWithTax","Total Price with Tax ($)","preTaxPlaceholder","Enter price before tax","totalPricePlaceholder","Enter total price","Enter tax rate","commonTaxRates","Common tax rates:","taxRateExamples",{"_12433":12434,"_12435":12436,"_12437":12438,"_12439":12440,"_12441":12442,"_12443":12444,"_12445":12446,"_12447":12448,"_12449":12450,"_12451":12452,"_12453":12454,"_12455":12456},"noTax","0% (No Tax)","noTaxStates","OR, NH, DE","fourPercent","4%","fourPercentStates","HI, NY","sixPercent","6%","sixPercentStates","PA, NJ, CT","sevenPercent","7%","sevenPercentStates","CA, IN, MS","eightTwentyFive","8.25%","eightTwentyFiveStates","TX","tenPercent","10%","tenPercentLocation","VAT (some countries)",{"_12422":12458,"_12459":12460,"_12461":12462,"_12463":12464},"Total Price (with tax)","preTaxPriceLabel","Pre-Tax Price","taxAmountLabel","Tax Amount","totalPriceLabel","Total Price",{"_166":12466,"_200":12467,"_12468":12469,"_12470":12471,"_12472":12473,"_12474":12475,"_12476":12477},"How to Use This Sales Tax Calculator","This calculator helps you quickly determine sales tax on purchases or calculate the pre-tax price from a total. Choose whether to add tax or remove it, then enter your amount and local tax rate.","twoModesTitle","Two Modes","addTaxMode","Add Tax: Enter pre-tax price to see tax amount and total","removeTaxMode","Remove Tax: Enter total price to see original price and tax paid","findingRateTitle","Finding Your Local Tax Rate","findingRateDesc","Sales tax rates vary by state, county, and city. Check your local government website or recent receipts to find your area's exact rate.",{"_509":12479},"Enter price to calculate sales tax","tools/seo-analyzer",{"_166":12482,"_200":12483,"_1065":12484,"_1073":12487,"_438":12489,"_10517":12497,"_222":12502,"_1014":12517,"_1514":12551,"_989":12608},"SEO Analyzer","Analyze webpage SEO and get actionable recommendations",{"_12485":12486,"_6667":6668},"urlLabel","Enter Website URL",{"_9829":12488,"_185":186},"Analyze SEO",{"_12490":12491,"_12492":12493,"_104":12494,"_12495":12496},"analysisFailed","Failed to analyze website","connectionFailed","Failed to connect to the server","Invalid URL format","rateLimitExceeded","Too many requests. Please try again later.",{"_166":12498,"_12139":2232,"_12499":12500,"_438":12501},"Analysis Summary","warnings","Warnings","Errors",{"_12503":12504,"_12505":12506,"_10234":8191,"_12507":12508,"_12509":12510,"_9699":12511,"_12512":12513,"_12514":12515,"_204":12516},"metadata","Basic Metadata","headings","Heading Structure","twitter","Twitter Card Tags","structuredData","Structured Data","Images & Alt Text","links","Links","technical","Technical","Content",{"_166":199,"_200":201,"_208":12518,"_197":198,"_12519":196,"_91":892,"_12520":12521,"_12522":12523,"_12524":12525,"_12526":12527,"_12528":12529,"_10277":12530,"_12531":12532,"_12533":12534,"_12535":12536,"_12537":12538,"_12539":12540,"_12541":12542,"_12543":12544,"_12545":12546,"_206":207,"_12547":12548,"_12549":12550},"Viewport","robots","charset","Charset","favicon","Favicon","h1Count","H1 Tags","ogTitle","OG Title","ogDescription","OG Description","OG Image","twitterCard","Twitter Card","schemas","Schemas Found","totalImages","Total Images","withAlt","With Alt Text","withoutAlt","Without Alt Text","totalLinks","Total Links","internalLinks","Internal Links","externalLinks","External Links","loadTime","Load Time","wordCount","Word Count",{"_12552":12553,"_12554":12555,"_8161":12556,"_12557":12558,"_12559":12560,"_12561":12562,"_8163":12563,"_12564":12565,"_12566":12567,"_12568":12569,"_12570":12571,"_12572":12573,"_12574":12575,"_12576":12577,"_12578":12579,"_12580":12581,"_12582":12583,"_12584":12585,"_12586":12587,"_12588":12589,"_12590":12591,"_12592":12593,"_12594":12595,"_12596":12597,"_12598":12599,"_12600":12601,"_12602":12603,"_12604":12605,"_12606":12607},"titleOptimal","Title length is optimal ({count} characters)","titleTooShort","Title is too short ({count} characters)","Title is too long ({count} characters)","titleMissing","Title tag is missing","descriptionOptimal","Meta description length is optimal ({count} characters)","descriptionTooShort","Meta description is too short ({count} characters)","Meta description is too long ({count} characters)","descriptionMissing","Meta description is missing","h1Optimal","Exactly one H1 tag found (optimal)","h1Missing","No H1 tag found - add one for better SEO","h1Multiple","Multiple H1 tags found ({count}) - use only one H1 per page","viewportExists","Mobile viewport tag present","viewportMissing","Mobile viewport tag missing","httpsGood","Using HTTPS (secure)","httpBad","Using HTTP (not secure) - switch to HTTPS","loadTimeFast","Load time is fast ({time}ms)","loadTimeModerate","Load time is moderate ({time}ms)","loadTimeSlow","Load time is slow ({time}ms)","contentGood","Good content length ({count} words)","contentShort","Content is short ({count} words)","contentTooShort","Content is too short ({count} words)","imagesGood","Most images have alt text ({percent}%)","imagesWarning","Some images missing alt text ({percent}%)","imagesBad","Many images missing alt text ({percent}%)","ogComplete","Open Graph tags are complete","ogIncomplete","Some Open Graph tags are missing","ogMissing","Open Graph tags are missing","structuredDataFound","{count} structured data schema(s) found","structuredDataMissing","No structured data found",{"_166":12609,"_12610":12611,"_12612":12613,"_12614":12615,"_12616":12617,"_12618":12619},"What is SEO Analysis?","item1","We analyze your webpage's meta tags, headings, and content","item2","Check for Open Graph and Twitter Card social media tags","item3","Verify structured data (JSON-LD) for rich search results","item4","Provide actionable recommendations with color-coded indicators","item5","Green = good, Yellow = needs improvement, Red = critical issue","tools/sha-signature-checker",{"_166":12622,"_200":12623,"_136":12624,"_1065":12627,"_1168":12636,"_6205":12640,"_1073":12643,"_57":12648,"_989":12658},"SHA Signature Checker","Verify SHA checksums for files and text to ensure data integrity",{"_168":12625,"_4416":12626},"Text Hash","Compare Hashes",{"_1145":12628,"_1489":12629,"_1491":12630,"_12631":12632,"_6201":6202,"_12633":12634,"_2975":12635},"Input Mode","Text to Hash","Enter text to generate hash...","fileLabel","Select File","expectedLabel","Expected Hash (Optional)","Paste the expected hash to verify...",{"_168":12637,"_12638":12639},"Text Input","file","File Upload",{"_6213":12641,"_6207":12642,"_6209":6210,"_6211":6212},"SHA-1","SHA-256",{"_30":12644,"_12645":12646,"_20":12647,"_36":37},"Calculate Hash","verify","Verify Hash","Copy Hash",{"_166":12649,"_6223":6202,"_12650":12651,"_2817":6226,"_12652":12653,"_11700":12654,"_12655":12656,"_5199":12657},"Hash Result","hash","Hash","verificationTitle","Verification Result","Hashes match! File integrity verified.","noMatch","Hashes do NOT match! Data may be corrupted or modified.","Processing file...",{"_166":12659,"_200":12660,"_1126":2573,"_1128":12661,"_1130":12662,"_1132":12663,"_1134":12664,"_1136":12665,"_6242":12666,"_6244":12667,"_6246":12668,"_6248":12669,"_12670":12671,"_1275":1276,"_1004":12672,"_1006":12673,"_1008":12674},"About SHA Signature Checker","SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm) generates a fixed-size hash value from input data. This tool calculates hashes and verifies them against expected values to ensure data integrity.","Verify downloaded files haven't been corrupted","Check software downloads against published checksums","Verify backup file integrity","Compare file contents without sharing the actual data","Detect unauthorized modifications to files","Algorithm Comparison","SHA-1: 160-bit hash, legacy use only (not secure)","SHA-256: 256-bit hash, widely used, recommended","SHA-384: 384-bit hash, higher security","alg4","SHA-512: 512-bit hash, maximum security","SHA-256 is the most commonly used for file verification","Hashes are case-insensitive when comparing","Even a tiny change in data produces a completely different hash","tools/shopping-calculator",{"_166":12677,"_200":12678,"_136":12679,"_1065":12683,"_57":12691,"_989":12702,"_1235":12714},"Shopping Calculator","Calculate your final shopping total with discounts and tax",{"_1028":12680,"_1030":12681,"_1889":12682},"$50, 20% off, 7% tax","$100, no discount, 8.25% tax","$75, 30% off, no tax",{"_11582":12684,"_11159":12685,"_4599":12686,"_4601":12687,"_7087":12688,"_12689":12690},"Item Price ($)","Enter item price","Discount (%) - Optional","Enter discount percentage (leave blank if none)","Sales Tax (%) - Optional","taxPlaceholder","Enter tax rate (leave blank if none)",{"_4619":12692,"_4595":12693,"_4599":12694,"_12695":12696,"_12697":12698,"_12699":12700,"_4621":12701,"_4624":12701},"Final Price (at checkout)","Original Price:","Discount ({{percent}}%):","priceAfterDiscount","Price after discount:","salesTax","Sales Tax ({{percent}}%):","finalTotal","Final Total:","You save {{amount}}!",{"_166":12703,"_200":12704,"_5428":12705,"_1036":12706,"_1038":12707,"_1040":12708,"_1948":12709,"_12710":12711,"_12712":12713},"How to Use This Shopping Calculator","This calculator helps you figure out your final checkout price when shopping. It handles discounts and sales tax together, so you know exactly what you'll pay.","Step by Step","Enter the item's original price","Add any discount percentage (e.g., 20 for 20% off)","Add your local sales tax rate (leave blank if no tax)","See your final checkout price instantly","whenTitle","When to Use This","whenText","Perfect for real-world shopping when items have both sales AND tax. The calculator applies the discount first, then calculates tax on the discounted price (just like at the register).",{"_509":12715},"Add items to calculate total","tools/shuffle-text-lines",{"_166":12718,"_200":12719,"_136":12720,"_1065":12733,"_1073":12736,"_57":12741,"_989":12746},"Shuffle Text Lines","Randomly shuffle your text lines",{"_12721":12722,"_12723":12724,"_12725":12726,"_12727":12728,"_12729":12730,"_12731":12732},"simpleList","Simple List","simpleListText","First item\nSecond item\nThird item\nFourth item\nFifth item","numberedList","Numbered List","numberedListText","1. Apple\n2. Banana\n3. Cherry\n4. Date\n5. Elderberry","randomizePlayers","Randomize Players","randomizePlayersText","Player 1\nPlayer 2\nPlayer 3\nPlayer 4\nPlayer 5\nPlayer 6",{"_12734":12735,"_2883":11783},"textToShuffle","Text to Shuffle",{"_12737":12738,"_12739":12740,"_20":21},"shuffleLines","Shuffle Lines","shuffleAgain","Shuffle Again",{"_12742":12743,"_12744":12745},"shuffledText","Shuffled Text","linesShuffled","Lines shuffled: {{count}}",{"_166":12747,"_200":12748,"_3108":3109,"_12749":12750,"_12751":12752,"_12753":12754,"_12755":12756},"How to Use Shuffle Text Lines","Paste or type your text (one item per line), click the shuffle button, and get a randomly ordered result. Each shuffle produces a different random order using the Fisher-Yates algorithm for truly random results.","fisherYates","Fisher-Yates Algorithm: Uses proven algorithm for unbiased shuffling","multipleShuffles","Multiple Shuffles: Click \"Shuffle Again\" for different random orders","emptyLineFiltering","Empty Line Filtering: Automatically removes blank lines","instantResults","Instant Results: Fast shuffling for any list size","tools/snake-game",{"_166":12759,"_200":12760,"_970":971,"_972":973,"_974":975,"_12761":12762,"_12763":12764,"_12765":12766,"_12767":12768,"_980":981,"_982":983,"_12769":12770,"_984":12771,"_989":12774},"Snake Game","Play the classic Snake game - eat food, grow longer, and avoid hitting yourself!","pressToStart","Press to Start","useArrowKeys","Use arrow keys or WASD","paused","Paused","clickToContinue","Click to continue","playAgain","Play Again",{"_986":12772,"_319":12773},"Use arrow keys or WASD to control the snake. Press Space to pause.","Swipe to control the snake. Tap to start playing.",{"_166":12775,"_200":12776,"_993":994,"_995":12777,"_997":12778,"_999":12779,"_1001":12780,"_3058":8038,"_12781":12782,"_12783":12784,"_12785":12786},"About Snake","Snake is a classic arcade game where you control a growing snake that must avoid hitting walls and itself. The game gets progressively faster as you eat more food!","Use arrow keys or WASD to change direction","Eat the yellow food to grow longer and gain points","The snake moves faster each time you eat","Don't hit the walls or your own tail!","control1","Arrow Keys / WASD - Change direction","control2","Space - Pause/unpause","control3","Swipe (mobile) - Change direction","tools/snells-law-calculator",{"_166":12789,"_200":12790,"_1065":12791,"_4524":12800,"_57":12809,"_136":12820,"_1235":12827,"_1238":12829,"_989":12836},"Snell's Law Calculator","Calculate light refraction angles and refractive indices with ray diagram visualization",{"_2181":2180,"_12792":12793,"_12794":12795,"_12796":12797,"_12798":12799},"n1Label","n₁ (incident medium)","n2Label","n₂ (refracted medium)","angle1Label","θ₁ - Incident Angle (°)","angle2Label","θ₂ - Refracted Angle (°)",{"_12801":12802,"_12803":12804,"_12805":12806,"_12807":12808},"angle2","Refracted Angle (θ₂)","angle1","Incident Angle (θ₁)","n1","Refractive Index n₁","n2","Refractive Index n₂",{"_12810":12811,"_12812":12813,"_12814":12815,"_6927":12816,"_12817":12818,"_5570":12819},"tir","Total Internal Reflection","tirExplanation","Angle exceeds critical angle of","relativeIndex","Relative Index (n₂/n₁)","Critical Angle","brewster","Brewster's Angle","Common Refractive Indices",{"_12821":12822,"_12823":12824,"_12825":12826},"airToGlass","Air → Glass","glassToAir","Glass → Air","airToWater","Air → Water",{"_1094":12828},"Enter values to calculate refraction",{"_166":12830,"_12831":12832,"_12833":12834,"_12817":12835},"Snell's Law","snell","n₁ sin(θ₁) = n₂ sin(θ₂)","critical","sin(θc) = n₂/n₁ (critical angle)","tan(θB) = n₂/n₁ (Brewster's angle)",{"_166":12837,"_200":12838,"_1260":1261,"_1262":12839,"_1264":12840,"_1266":12841,"_4790":4888,"_4791":12842,"_4793":12843,"_4795":12844},"About Snell's Law Calculator","Calculate light refraction at the boundary between two media. Snell's Law describes how light bends when passing from one medium to another.","Light bends toward the normal when entering a denser medium (higher n)","Light bends away from the normal when entering a less dense medium","Total internal reflection occurs when light goes from high n to low n above the critical angle","Optical lens design and eyeglasses","Fiber optics (using total internal reflection)","Underwater photography and scuba diving physics","tools/solitaire-game",{"_166":12847,"_200":12848,"_12849":12850,"_658":8207,"_972":973,"_974":975,"_976":977,"_12769":12770,"_984":12851,"_989":12852},"Solitaire (Klondike)","Play the classic Klondike Solitaire card game - stack cards and build foundations!","moves","MOVES","Click cards to select them, then click where you want to move them. Double-click to auto-move to foundation.",{"_166":12853,"_200":12854,"_993":994,"_995":12855,"_997":12856,"_999":12857,"_1001":12858,"_230":1003,"_1004":12859,"_1006":12860,"_1008":12861},"About Solitaire","Klondike Solitaire is the classic version of Solitaire. Build four foundation piles from Ace to King by suit, while using the tableau to temporarily store cards in descending order with alternating colors.","Build foundation piles by suit from Ace to King","Stack cards on the tableau in descending order with alternating colors (red on black, black on red)","Only Kings can be placed on empty tableau columns","Click the stock to draw cards, which can be played to tableau or foundations","Try to expose face-down cards as quickly as possible","Don't rush to move cards to foundations - sometimes it's better to keep them in play","Empty tableau columns are valuable - try to create them when possible","tools/sort-text-lines",{"_166":12864,"_200":12865,"_136":12866,"_1065":12879,"_12886":12887,"_12891":12892,"_57":12897,"_1073":12901,"_989":12902},"Sort Text Lines","Sort your text lines alphabetically or numerically",{"_12867":12868,"_12869":12870,"_12871":12872,"_12873":12874,"_12875":12876,"_12877":12878},"alphabeticalAZ","Alphabetical A-Z","alphabeticalAZText","Zebra\nApple\nBanana\nCherry\nDog","numericalSort","Numerical Sort","numericalSortText","100\n5\n50\n10\n1","reverseOrder","Reverse Order","reverseOrderText","First item\nSecond item\nThird item\nFourth item",{"_12880":12881,"_2883":11783,"_12882":12883,"_12884":12885,"_11776":11777},"textToSort","Text to Sort","sortOrder","Sort Order","sortType","Sort Type","sortOrders",{"_12888":12889,"_5637":12890},"asc","Ascending (A-Z, 1-9)","Descending (Z-A, 9-1)","sortTypes",{"_12893":12894,"_12895":12896},"alphabetical","Alphabetical","numerical","Numerical",{"_12898":12899,"_2895":12900},"sortedText","Sorted Text","Lines: {{count}}",{"_20":21},{"_166":12903,"_200":12904,"_3108":3109,"_12905":12906,"_12871":12907,"_11806":12908,"_12753":12754},"How to Use Sort Text Lines","Paste or type your text (one item per line), choose your sorting preferences, and get instantly sorted results. Perfect for organizing lists, data, or any line-based content.","alphabeticalSort","Alphabetical Sort: Sort text A-Z or Z-A","Numerical Sort: Sort numbers in ascending or descending order","Case Sensitive: Option to consider uppercase/lowercase","tools/sorting-visualizer",{"_166":12911,"_200":12912,"_1065":12913,"_6205":12925,"_12936":12937,"_12948":12949,"_57":12956,"_3058":12964,"_2283":12965,"_12968":12969,"_1238":12981,"_989":12988},"Sorting Visualizer","Visualize and compare sorting algorithms with step-by-step animation",{"_6223":6202,"_12914":12915,"_12916":12917,"_12918":12919,"_12920":12921,"_34":12922,"_12923":12924},"arraySize","Array Size (10-100)","customInput","Custom Input (comma-separated)","customPlaceholder","e.g., 64, 34, 25, 12, 22, 11, 90","use","Use","Generate Random Array","speed","Animation Speed",{"_12926":12927,"_12928":12929,"_12930":12931,"_12932":12933,"_12934":12935},"bubble","Bubble Sort","selection","Selection Sort","insertion","Insertion Sort","quick","Quick Sort","merge","Merge Sort","algorithmInfo",{"_12926":12938,"_12928":12940,"_12930":12942,"_12932":12944,"_12934":12946},{"_2438":12927,"_200":12939},"Repeatedly steps through the list, compares adjacent elements and swaps them if they are in the wrong order.",{"_2438":12929,"_200":12941},"Divides the input into sorted and unsorted regions, repeatedly selecting the smallest element from the unsorted region.",{"_2438":12931,"_200":12943},"Builds the sorted array one item at a time by inserting each element into its correct position.",{"_2438":12933,"_200":12945},"Picks a pivot element and partitions the array around it, recursively sorting the sub-arrays.",{"_2438":12935,"_200":12947},"Divides the array into halves, recursively sorts them, and then merges the sorted halves.","complexity",{"_972":12950,"_2053":12951,"_12952":12953,"_12954":12955},"Best Case","Average Case","worst","Worst Case","space","Space",{"_166":12957,"_1199":1200,"_12958":12959,"_12960":12961,"_3318":12962,"_12914":12963},"Sort Results","comparisons","Total Comparisons","swaps","Total Swaps","Total Steps","Array Size",{"_73":74,"_3062":3063,"_26":27},{"_4547":4548,"_12958":12966,"_12960":12967},"Comparisons","Swaps","legend",{"_166":12970,"_12971":12972,"_12973":12974,"_12975":12976,"_12977":12978,"_12979":12980},"Color Legend","default","Default","comparing","Comparing","swapping","Swapping","sorted","Sorted","pivot","Pivot",{"_166":12982,"_12926":12983,"_12928":12984,"_12930":12985,"_12932":12986,"_12934":12987},"Time Complexity Reference","Bubble Sort: O(n) best, O(n²) average/worst","Selection Sort: O(n²) all cases","Insertion Sort: O(n) best, O(n²) average/worst","Quick Sort: O(n log n) best/average, O(n²) worst","Merge Sort: O(n log n) all cases",{"_166":12989,"_200":12990,"_6242":12991,"_6244":12992,"_6246":12993,"_6248":12994,"_12670":12995,"_12996":12997},"About Sorting Visualizer","Visualize how different sorting algorithms work step by step. Compare their efficiency through comparisons, swaps, and time complexity.","Sorting Algorithms","Bubble Sort: Simple comparison-based sort, good for learning","Selection Sort: Finds minimum repeatedly, O(n²) always","Insertion Sort: Efficient for small/nearly sorted arrays","Quick Sort: Divide and conquer with pivots, very fast in practice","alg5","Merge Sort: Stable O(n log n) with extra space requirement","tools/sound-level-meter",{"_166":13000,"_200":13001,"_1073":13002,"_8466":13005,"_11423":13009,"_136":13018,"_8021":13033,"_989":13039},"Sound Level Meter","Measure sound levels in decibels using your device's microphone",{"_3060":13003,"_75":13004,"_26":27},"Start Measuring","Stop Measuring",{"_2752":13006,"_9846":9847,"_9852":9853,"_13007":2054,"_10154":13008},"Current Level","avg","dB",{"_13010":13011,"_3667":3668,"_13012":13013,"_13014":13015,"_13016":13017},"quiet","Quiet","loud","Loud","veryLoud","Very Loud","dangerous","Dangerous",{"_13019":13020,"_13021":13022,"_13023":13024,"_13025":13026,"_559":560,"_13027":13028,"_13029":13030,"_13031":13032},"whisper","Whisper","whisperDb","~30 dB","conversation","Conversation","conversationDb","~60 dB","trafficDb","~80 dB","concert","Concert","concertDb","~110 dB",{"_166":13034,"_200":13035,"_71":13036,"_13037":13038},"Microphone Access Required","This tool needs access to your microphone to measure sound levels. Click the button below to grant permission.","Grant Microphone Access","denied","Microphone access was denied. Please enable it in your browser settings to use this tool.",{"_166":13040,"_200":13041,"_13042":13043,"_13044":13045,"_13046":13047,"_13048":13049,"_13050":13051,"_13052":13053,"_13054":13055,"_13056":13057,"_13058":13059,"_13060":13061,"_13062":13063,"_13064":180,"_162":13065},"About Sound Level Meter","This tool uses your device's microphone to measure ambient sound levels in decibels (dB). While not as accurate as professional equipment, it provides useful relative measurements.","referenceTitle","Reference Levels","ref1","0-30 dB: Very quiet (whisper, rustling leaves)","ref2","30-60 dB: Quiet to moderate (library, normal conversation)","ref3","60-80 dB: Moderate to loud (busy street, vacuum cleaner)","ref4","80-100 dB: Loud (factory, motorcycle)","ref5","100-120 dB: Very loud (rock concert, chainsaw)","ref6","120+ dB: Dangerous (jet engine, gunshot)","safetyTitle","Hearing Safety","safety1","Prolonged exposure above 85 dB can cause hearing damage","safety2","Sounds above 120 dB can cause immediate harm","safety3","Use hearing protection in loud environments","disclaimerTitle","This is an approximate measurement tool. For professional or safety-critical applications, use calibrated equipment.","tools/spring-mass-calculator",{"_166":13068,"_200":13069,"_1065":13070,"_57":13080,"_3058":13098,"_136":13099,"_1235":13106,"_1238":13108,"_989":13114},"Spring-Mass Calculator","Simulate and analyze simple harmonic motion of a mass on a spring",{"_2824":1150,"_1151":1711,"_13071":13072,"_13073":13074,"_13075":13076,"_9715":2830,"_13077":13078,"_13079":9363,"_5543":5543},"springConstant","Spring Constant (N/m)","springConstantPlaceholder","N/m","amplitude","Amplitude (m)","initialPhase","Initial Phase (rad)","initialPhasePlaceholder",{"_13081":13082,"_12235":9727,"_9720":13083,"_6001":6002,"_13084":13085,"_13086":13087,"_13088":13089,"_1205":13090,"_13091":13092,"_13093":13094,"_13095":13096,"_9728":13097},"oscillation","Oscillation Properties","Period","maxValues","Max Values","maxVelocity","Max Velocity","maxAcceleration","Max Acceleration","Energy","maxKE","Max KE","maxPE","Max PE","totalEnergy","Total Energy","Spring-Mass Animation",{"_73":74,"_3062":3063,"_26":27},{"_13100":13101,"_13102":13103,"_13104":13105},"gentle","Gentle Spring","stiff","Stiff Spring","heavy","Heavy Mass",{"_1094":13107},"Enter valid values to simulate spring-mass oscillation",{"_166":1240,"_12235":13109,"_9720":13110,"_6001":9740,"_2841":13111,"_10579":13112,"_1205":13113},"ω = √(k/m)","T = 2π√(m/k)","x(t) = A·cos(ωt + φ)","v(t) = -Aω·sin(ωt + φ)","E = ½kA²",{"_166":13115,"_200":13116,"_1260":1261,"_1262":13117,"_1264":13118,"_1266":13119,"_4790":4888,"_4791":13120,"_4793":13121,"_4795":13122},"About Spring-Mass Calculator","Analyze simple harmonic motion of a mass attached to a spring. This calculator simulates ideal SHM with no damping or friction.","Period depends only on mass and spring constant, not amplitude","Total mechanical energy is conserved throughout the motion","Position and velocity are 90° out of phase","Vehicle suspension systems","Mechanical watches and clocks","Seismographs and vibration sensors","tools/standard-deviation-calculator",{"_166":13125,"_200":13126,"_1065":13127,"_57":13140,"_616":13147,"_136":13152,"_1235":13159,"_1238":13161,"_989":13168},"Standard Deviation Calculator","Calculate standard deviation, variance, and other statistics for a dataset",{"_9825":13128,"_5067":13129,"_2883":13130,"_13131":13132,"_6271":6272,"_13133":1146,"_1576":13134,"_10505":13135,"_13136":13137,"_13138":13139},"Enter Data Values","(separated by commas, spaces, or new lines)","Enter numbers: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5...","valuesDetected","values detected","calcType","Sample (n-1)","Population (n)","sampleHint","Use sample when your data is a subset of a larger population","populationHint","Use population when your data represents the entire population",{"_166":58,"_3559":13141,"_1861":13142,"_1859":3558,"_10444":7557,"_7305":7306,"_13143":13144,"_9846":9847,"_9852":9853,"_9861":9862,"_13145":13146},"Standard Deviation","Variance","sum","Sum","stepByStep","Step-by-Step Calculation",{"_7485":13148,"_6006":13149,"_13150":13151},"Value (xᵢ)","xᵢ - μ","squared","(xᵢ - μ)²",{"_13153":13154,"_13155":13156,"_13157":13158},"classScores","Class Scores","heights","Heights (ft)","temperatures","Temperatures",{"_1094":13160},"Enter some numbers to calculate statistics",{"_166":1240,"_1859":13162,"_13163":13164,"_13165":13166,"_3559":13167},"Mean: μ = Σxᵢ / n","varianceSample","Variance: σ² = Σ(xᵢ - μ)² / (n-1)","variancePop","Variance: σ² = Σ(xᵢ - μ)² / n","Standard Deviation: σ = √σ²",{"_166":13169,"_200":13170,"_1260":1261,"_1262":13171,"_1264":13172,"_1266":13173,"_1126":2573,"_1128":13174,"_1130":13175,"_1132":13176},"About Standard Deviation Calculator","Calculate measures of dispersion for a dataset. Standard deviation measures how spread out the values are from the mean.","Low standard deviation means values are close to the mean","High standard deviation means values are spread out","Sample std dev (n-1) corrects for bias when estimating population parameters","Quality control in manufacturing","Risk assessment in finance","Data analysis in scientific research","tools/statistical-calculator",{"_166":13179,"_200":13180,"_136":13181,"_1065":13186,"_1073":13190,"_57":13193,"_989":13199},"Statistical Calculator","Calculate statistical measures from a set of numbers",{"_13182":13183,"_13184":13185},"oneTo10","1-10","mixed","Mixed",{"_13187":13188,"_2883":13189},"enterNumbers","Enter Numbers (comma or space separated)","1, 2, 3, 4, 5",{"_13191":13192},"calculateStatistics","Calculate Statistics",{"_7305":7306,"_13143":13144,"_1859":13194,"_9849":9850,"_1569":1570,"_13195":13196,"_9861":9862,"_13197":10824,"_13198":10825,"_1861":13142,"_1863":13141},"Mean (Average)","modeNone","None","minimum","maximum",{"_166":13200,"_1859":13201,"_9849":13202,"_1569":13203,"_9861":13204,"_1861":13205,"_1863":13206},"Statistical Measures Explained","Mean: The average of all numbers","Median: The middle value when numbers are sorted","Mode: The most frequently occurring number(s)","Range: The difference between max and min","Variance: Average of squared differences from the mean","Standard Deviation: Square root of variance, measures spread","tools/stoichiometry-calculator",{"_166":13209,"_200":13210,"_1065":13211,"_1168":13220,"_1201":13227,"_13221":13230,"_13223":13236,"_13225":13243,"_57":13248,"_616":13280,"_136":13288,"_438":13293,"_989":13299},"Stoichiometry Calculator","Calculate reactants, products, limiting reagents, and percent yield in chemical reactions",{"_1569":1353,"_5539":13212,"_1867":2855,"_8285":13213,"_13214":13215,"_13216":13217,"_5847":3992,"_13218":13219,"_10154":1686,"_30":31},"Coefficient","e.g., H2","formulaPlaceholder2","e.g., H2O","formulaPlaceholder3","e.g., O2","amountGrams","Amount (g)",{"_13221":13222,"_13223":13224,"_13225":13226},"stoichiometry","Stoichiometry","limiting","Limiting Reactant","yield","Percent Yield",{"_8311":8311,"_6423":6423,"_8314":8314,"_13228":13229},"liters","liters (gas)",{"_166":13231,"_13232":13233,"_13234":13235},"Stoichiometry Calculation","knownSubstance","Known Substance","unknownSubstance","Unknown Substance",{"_166":13224,"_13237":13238,"_13239":13240,"_13241":13242},"reactant1","Reactant 1","reactant2","Reactant 2","product","Product",{"_166":13226,"_13244":13245,"_13246":13247},"actual","Actual Yield (g)","theoretical","Theoretical Yield (g)",{"_13249":13250,"_13251":13252,"_13253":13254,"_13255":13256,"_3318":3319,"_13257":13258,"_13259":13224,"_13260":13261,"_13262":13263,"_13264":13265,"_2355":13266,"_13267":13268,"_13269":13226,"_13270":13271,"_13272":13273,"_13274":13275,"_13276":13277,"_13278":13279},"stoichiometryTitle","Stoichiometry Result","amountOf","Amount of","knownMoles","Known Moles","unknownMoles","Unknown Moles","limitingTitle","Limiting Reactant Result","limitingReactant","excessReactant","Excess Reactant","theoreticalYield","Theoretical Yield","excessRemaining","Excess Remaining","Reactant Analysis","yieldTitle","Percent Yield Result","percentYield","yieldExceeds","Yield exceeds theoretical (experimental error or impure product)","yieldExcellent","Excellent yield","yieldGood","Good yield","yieldModerate","Moderate yield","yieldLow","Low yield",{"_13281":13282,"_6423":6435,"_13283":13284,"_563":564,"_13223":13285,"_13286":13287},"reactant","Reactant","molesNeeded","Moles Needed","Limiting","excess","Excess",{"_13289":13290,"_13291":13292},"waterSynthesis","Water Synthesis","combustion","Methane Combustion",{"_13294":13295,"_8318":13296,"_4530":4531,"_13297":13298},"fillFields","Please fill in all required fields","Invalid formula or calculation error","zeroTheoretical","Theoretical yield cannot be zero",{"_166":13300,"_200":13301,"_5428":3319,"_1036":13302,"_1038":13303,"_1040":13304},"About Stoichiometry Calculator","Stoichiometry is the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions using the mole ratio from balanced equations.","Convert given amount to moles","Use mole ratio to find moles of unknown","Convert moles to desired units","tools/stopwatch",{"_166":13307,"_200":13308,"_1073":13309,"_13312":13313,"_989":13319},"Stopwatch","Online stopwatch with lap timer and millisecond precision",{"_3060":3061,"_75":76,"_13310":13311,"_26":27},"lap","Lap","laps",{"_166":13314,"_13315":13316,"_5633":13317,"_1729":13318},"Lap Times ({{count}})","lapNumber","Lap {{number}}","+{{minutes}}:{{seconds}}.{{milliseconds}}","{{hours}}:{{minutes}}:{{seconds}}.{{milliseconds}}",{"_166":13320,"_200":13321,"_3108":3109,"_3958":13322,"_3960":13323,"_3962":13324,"_3964":13325,"_3966":13326},"How to Use This Stopwatch","Click Start to begin timing, Stop to pause, and Reset to clear the timer. Use the Lap button while running to record split times without stopping the stopwatch.","Millisecond precision timing","Unlimited lap recordings","Shows both lap duration and total time","Clean, easy-to-read display","Perfect for sports, workouts, and time trials","tools/sudoku-game",{"_166":13329,"_200":13330,"_8198":13331,"_974":975,"_13332":4091,"_976":977,"_8208":8209,"_984":13333,"_989":13336},"Sudoku Game","Play the classic Sudoku puzzle game - fill the grid with logic!",{"_8200":8201,"_5926":8202,"_8203":8204},"noteMode",{"_986":13334,"_319":13335},"Click a cell, then type 1-9 to fill it. Press N to toggle note mode. Use arrow keys to navigate.","Tap a cell, then tap a number to fill it. Use the Notes button to add candidate numbers.",{"_166":13337,"_200":13338,"_993":994,"_995":13339,"_997":13340,"_999":13341,"_230":1003,"_1004":13342,"_1006":13343,"_1008":13344},"About Sudoku","Sudoku is a logic-based number puzzle. Fill the 9×9 grid so that each row, column, and 3×3 box contains the digits 1-9 without repetition.","Each row must contain the numbers 1-9 without repetition","Each column must contain the numbers 1-9 without repetition","Each 3×3 box must contain the numbers 1-9 without repetition","Use note mode to mark possible candidates for each cell","Look for rows, columns, or boxes that are almost complete","If a number can only go in one place in a row/column/box, place it there","tools/sunrise-sunset-calculator",{"_166":13347,"_200":13348,"_1065":13349,"_1073":13355,"_57":13359,"_563":13391,"_136":13398,"_989":13408},"Sunrise & Sunset Calculator","Calculate sunrise, sunset, and daylight hours for any location and date",{"_5240":13350,"_13351":13352,"_1705":1641,"_13353":13354},"Location","locationPlaceholder","Enter city or coordinates (lat, lng)","useCurrentLocation","Use my current location",{"_30":13356,"_8424":8425,"_13357":13358},"Calculate Sun Times","tomorrow","Tomorrow",{"_166":13360,"_13361":13362,"_9041":9042,"_13363":13364,"_13365":13366,"_13367":13368,"_13369":13370,"_13371":13372,"_13373":13374,"_13375":13376,"_13377":13378,"_13379":13380,"_13381":13382,"_13383":13384,"_13385":13386,"_13387":13388,"_13389":13390},"Sun Times","sunrise","Sunrise","solarNoon","Solar Noon","dayLength","Day Length","civilDawn","Civil Dawn","civilDusk","Civil Dusk","nauticalDawn","Nautical Dawn","nauticalDusk","Nautical Dusk","astronomicalDawn","Astronomical Dawn","astronomicalDusk","Astronomical Dusk","goldenHourMorning","Golden Hour (AM)","goldenHourEvening","Golden Hour (PM)","timezone","Timezone","goldenHourTitle","Golden Hour (Best for Photography)","twilightTimesTitle","Twilight Times","currentLocation","Current Location",{"_18":13392,"_13393":13394,"_13395":13396,"_4079":13397},"Calculating...","gettingLocation","Getting your location...","locationError","Unable to get your location. Please enter it manually.","Unable to calculate sun times. Please check your location.",{"_166":13399,"_13400":13401,"_13402":13403,"_13404":13405,"_13406":13407},"Popular Locations","newYork","New York","london","London","tokyo","Tokyo","sydney","Sydney",{"_166":13409,"_200":13410,"_1633":13411,"_13412":13413,"_13414":13415,"_13416":13417,"_13418":13419,"_13420":13421,"_13422":13423,"_13424":13425,"_13426":13427,"_1126":2573,"_1128":13428,"_1130":13429,"_1132":13430,"_1134":13431,"_1136":13432,"_1275":1276,"_1004":13433,"_1006":13434,"_1008":13435},"About Sunrise & Sunset Calculator","Calculate accurate sunrise and sunset times for any location in the world. Also includes twilight times and golden hour for photographers.","Twilight Types","term1Title","Civil Twilight","term1Desc","Sun is 0-6° below horizon. Enough light for most outdoor activities without artificial lighting.","term2Title","Nautical Twilight","term2Desc","Sun is 6-12° below horizon. Horizon still visible at sea, many stars visible.","term3Title","Astronomical Twilight","term3Desc","Sun is 12-18° below horizon. Sky dark enough for most astronomical observations.","term4Title","Golden Hour","term4Desc","Period just after sunrise and before sunset when daylight is softer, warmer, and ideal for photography.","Planning photography sessions","Scheduling outdoor activities","Determining prayer times","Planning travel itineraries","Astronomical observations","Golden hour is typically the hour after sunrise and before sunset","Times adjust automatically for daylight saving time","High latitudes may experience midnight sun or polar night","tools/svg-extractor",{"_166":13438,"_200":13439,"_136":13440,"_1065":13447,"_1073":13450,"_438":13453,"_57":13457,"_989":13468},"SVG Extractor","Extract all SVG files from any webpage",{"_13441":13442,"_13443":13444,"_13445":13446},"github","GitHub","devTo","Dev.to","tailwind","Tailwind CSS",{"_183":6666,"_13448":13449},"urlHelper","Enter the URL of the webpage to extract SVGs from",{"_9594":13451,"_9661":13452,"_24":25},"Extract SVGs","Extracting SVGs...",{"_6698":6703,"_9581":13454,"_13455":13456,"_12492":12493},"Failed to extract SVGs","noSvgs","No SVG files found on this webpage",{"_13458":13459,"_13460":13461,"_13462":13459,"_13463":13461,"_13464":13465,"_13466":13467},"found","Found {{count}} SVG","found_other","Found {{count}} SVGs","foundSvgs","foundSvgs_other","inline","Inline SVG","external","External SVG",{"_166":13469,"_200":13470,"_3108":3109,"_3958":13471,"_3960":13472,"_3962":13473,"_3964":13474,"_3966":13475,"_4241":2901,"_4243":13476,"_4245":13477,"_4247":13478,"_4249":13479},"How to Use the SVG Extractor","Extract all SVG graphics from any webpage, including both inline SVGs embedded in the HTML and external SVG files. Perfect for designers and developers.","Extract both inline and external SVG files","Preview SVGs before downloading","Download SVGs individually","Shows SVG dimensions when available","Identifies inline vs external SVGs","Download vector logos and icons from websites","Extract SVG illustrations for design projects","Save inline SVGs from web pages","Collect vector graphics for presentations","tools/svg-optimizer",{"_166":13482,"_200":13483,"_13484":13485,"_3604":13486,"_13487":13488,"_13489":13490,"_13491":13492,"_5197":13493,"_57":13494,"_1096":13512,"_438":13515,"_989":13517},"SVG Optimizer","Optimize and compress SVG files for better performance","chooseFile","Choose SVG File","OR","pasteLabel","Paste SVG Code","pastePlaceholder","","optimizeButton","Optimize SVG","Your SVG is processed locally - never uploaded to any server",{"_5618":13495,"_13496":13497,"_9436":9450,"_13498":13499,"_13500":13501,"_13502":13503,"_13504":13505,"_13506":13507,"_13508":21,"_10309":13509,"_13510":13511},"Optimized Successfully!","reducedBy","Reduced by {{percent}}%","optimizedSize","Optimized Size","bytesSaved","Bytes Saved","originalPreview","Original Preview","optimizedPreview","Optimized Preview","optimizedCode","Optimized SVG Code","copyButton","Download Optimized","optimizeAnother","Optimize Another",{"_166":13513,"_307":13514},"Upload or paste an SVG to optimize it","Reduce file size and improve performance",{"_6750":13516},"Please select a valid SVG file",{"_166":13518,"_13519":13520,"_13521":6330,"_13522":13523,"_13524":13525,"_13526":13527,"_13528":13529,"_13530":13531,"_13532":13533,"_13534":13535,"_13536":13537,"_13538":13539,"_13540":13541,"_13542":13543,"_6313":13544,"_10328":13545,"_10330":13546,"_10332":13547,"_10334":13548,"_10336":13549,"_10338":13550,"_10340":13551,"_10342":13552,"_2528":2529,"_2530":13553,"_2532":13554,"_2534":13555,"_2536":13556,"_2538":13557},"About SVG Optimization","whatRemovedTitle","What Gets Removed","commentsLabel","commentsText","XML comments that aren't needed for rendering","metadataLabel","Metadata","metadataText","Editor-specific data (Illustrator, Inkscape, Sketch)","emptyElementsLabel","Empty elements","emptyElementsText","Groups and elements with no content","whitespaceLabel","Whitespace","whitespaceText","Unnecessary spaces and line breaks","precisionLabel","Precision","precisionText","Rounds numbers to reasonable decimal places","declarationsLabel","Declarations","declarationsText","XML declarations and DOCTYPE","Benefits of Optimization","Faster Loading","Smaller files load quicker on websites","Better Performance","Less data to parse and render","Reduced Bandwidth","Lower hosting and CDN costs","Improved SEO","Faster page loads help search rankings","Always keep the original SVG file as a backup","Test optimized SVGs to ensure they display correctly","Use optimized SVGs for production websites","Consider inlining small SVGs directly in HTML","Combine with gzip compression for even smaller sizes","tools/systems-of-equations-calculator",{"_166":13560,"_200":13561,"_1065":13562,"_57":13567,"_2283":13573,"_12968":13576,"_136":13581,"_1238":13586,"_989":13588},"Systems of Equations Calculator","Solve systems of linear equations using Gaussian elimination with step-by-step solutions",{"_13563":13564,"_13565":13566},"numEquations","Number of Equations","augmentedMatrix","Augmented Matrix [A|b]",{"_166":7356,"_1199":1200,"_4268":4269,"_3318":13568,"_13569":13570,"_13571":13572},"Solution Steps","infiniteMessage","System has infinitely many solutions","noSolutionMessage","System has no solution (inconsistent)",{"_13574":13575},"only2d","2D visualization only for 2x2 systems",{"_13577":13578,"_13579":13580,"_7354":7356},"equation1","Equation 1","equation2","Equation 2",{"_13582":13583,"_13584":13585},"simple2x2","Simple 2×2","simple3x3","Simple 3×3",{"_166":11958,"_200":13587},"Uses Gaussian elimination with partial pivoting to solve Ax = b.",{"_166":13589,"_200":13590,"_1523":13591,"_1816":13592,"_1818":13593,"_1820":13594,"_4790":4888,"_4791":13595,"_4793":13596,"_4795":13597},"About Systems of Equations Calculator","Solve systems of linear equations with 2-4 unknowns. The calculator uses Gaussian elimination with partial pivoting for numerical stability.","Types of Solutions","Unique solution: Lines/planes intersect at exactly one point","Infinitely many solutions: Equations are dependent (same line/plane)","No solution: Equations are inconsistent (parallel lines/planes)","Circuit analysis (Kirchhoff's laws)","Economic modeling and optimization","Computer graphics and 3D transformations","tools/t-test-calculator",{"_166":13600,"_200":13601,"_1065":13602,"_13623":13624,"_13631":13632,"_57":13637,"_438":13649,"_136":13652,"_1235":13658,"_989":13660},"T-Test Calculator","Perform one-sample, two-sample, and paired t-tests with effect size and confidence intervals",{"_2961":2962,"_13603":13604,"_13605":2968,"_3551":3552,"_13606":3571,"_13607":13608,"_13609":13610,"_13611":13612,"_13613":1164,"_3548":3553,"_13614":3572,"_3579":3580,"_3581":3582,"_1859":3558,"_3559":3560,"_2470":3561,"_13615":13616,"_13617":13618,"_13619":13620,"_13621":13622},"alternative","Alternative Hypothesis","alpha","sampleMeanPlaceholder","populationMean","Population Mean (μ₀)","populationMeanPlaceholder","e.g., 70","sampleSD","Sample Std Dev (s)","sampleSDPlaceholder","sampleSizePlaceholder","equalVariances","Assume equal variances (pooled t-test)","differences","Differences (comma or space separated)","differencesPlaceholder","e.g., 2, -1, 3, 0, 4, 1, 2","differencesHint","Enter the differences (after - before) for each pair","testTypes",{"_13625":13626,"_13627":13628,"_13629":13630},"one-sample","One-Sample","two-sample","Two-Sample","paired","Paired","alternatives",{"_13633":13634,"_11963":13635,"_11965":13636},"twoTailed","Two-tailed (≠)","Left-tailed (<)","Right-tailed (>)",{"_13638":13639,"_3002":3001,"_3003":3004,"_3007":13640,"_3009":13641,"_13642":13643,"_13644":13645,"_3602":13646,"_13647":13648},"tStatistic","t-Statistic","Reject H₀","Fail to reject H₀","significantResult","The result is statistically significant (p < {{alpha}})","notSignificant","No significant difference found (p ≥ {{alpha}})","95% Confidence Interval","effectSize","Effect Size (Cohen's d)",{"_13650":13651,"_4530":4531},"invalidSD","Standard deviation must be positive and n > 1",{"_13653":13654,"_13655":13656,"_13629":13657},"oneSample","Test Scores","twoSample","Group Comparison","Before/After",{"_1094":13659},"Enter values to perform the t-test",{"_166":13661,"_200":13662,"_1523":13663,"_1816":13664,"_1818":13665,"_1820":13666,"_3039":3040,"_3041":13667,"_3043":3044,"_3045":13668},"About T-Test Calculator","The t-test is a statistical hypothesis test used to determine if there is a significant difference between means. This calculator performs one-sample, two-sample, and paired t-tests with effect size (Cohen's d) and confidence intervals.","Test Types","One-sample: Compare sample mean to a known population mean","Two-sample: Compare means of two independent groups","Paired: Compare means of matched pairs (before/after measurements)","Data is approximately normally distributed (or large sample size)","Data is continuous","tools/taylor-series-calculator",{"_166":13671,"_200":13672,"_1065":13673,"_57":13678,"_136":13696,"_989":13703},"Taylor Series Calculator","Compute Taylor/Maclaurin series approximations for common functions with visualization",{"_13674":9122,"_1731":13675,"_13676":13677},"function","Number of Terms","evaluateAt","Evaluate at x =",{"_1199":13679,"_13680":13681,"_13682":13683,"_13684":13685,"_13686":13687,"_13688":13689,"_13690":13691,"_13692":13693,"_5539":13212,"_3299":8866,"_13694":13695},"Function vs Polynomial Approximation","taylorPolynomial","Taylor Polynomial","taylorApprox","Taylor Approximation","actualValue","Actual Value","absoluteError","Absolute Error","percentError","Percent Error","seriesExpression","Series Expression","generalTerm","General term","termValue","Term Value",{"_13697":13698,"_13699":13700,"_13701":13702},"sinPi4","sin(π/4)","exp1","e^1","ln2","ln(2)",{"_166":13704,"_200":13705,"_6171":13706,"_13707":13708,"_13709":13710,"_13711":13712,"_13713":13714},"About Taylor Series Calculator","A Taylor series is an infinite sum of terms that represents a function as a polynomial. The Maclaurin series is a special case centered at x=0. This calculator shows how adding more terms improves the approximation.","Common Taylor/Maclaurin Series","convergenceTitle","Convergence","convergence1","sin(x) and cos(x) converge for all x","convergence2","e^x converges for all x","convergence3","ln(1+x) converges for -1 < x ≤ 1","tools/tdee-calculator",{"_166":13717,"_200":13718,"_136":13719,"_1201":13724,"_2039":13727,"_1065":13728,"_13731":13732,"_57":13742,"_989":13754,"_1235":13774},"TDEE Calculator","Calculate your Total Daily Energy Expenditure",{"_13720":13721,"_13722":13723},"activeAdult","Active Adult","veryActive","Very Active",{"_2005":13725,"_2007":13726},"Imperial","Metric",{"_2010":2011,"_2012":2013},{"_2651":2652,"_2016":2017,"_2018":2019,"_13729":13730,"_2015":1916,"_2655":2656},"heightIn","Height (in)","activityLevels",{"_13733":13734,"_13735":13736,"_13737":13738,"_13722":13739,"_13740":13741},"sedentary","Sedentary (office job, little exercise)","lightlyActive","Lightly Active (light exercise 1-3 days)","moderatelyActive","Moderately Active (moderate exercise 3-5 days)","Very Active (hard exercise 6-7 days)","extremelyActive","Extremely Active (athlete, physical job)",{"_13743":13744,"_13745":13746,"_2676":13747,"_13748":13749,"_3493":3494,"_13750":13751,"_7866":7867,"_13752":13753},"yourTdee","Your TDEE","caloriesPerDay","calories/day","BMR","weekly","Weekly","lose1LbPerWeek","Lose 1lb/wk","gain1LbPerWeek","Gain 1lb/wk",{"_166":13755,"_13756":13757,"_13758":13759,"_6918":13760,"_13761":13762,"_13763":13764,"_13765":13766,"_13767":13768,"_13769":13770,"_1004":13771,"_1006":13772,"_1008":13773},"Understanding TDEE","whatIsTdeeTitle","What is TDEE?","whatIsTdeeDesc","Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE) is the total number of calories you burn each day, including your BMR plus calories burned through activity and exercise.","Components of TDEE","bmrComponent","BMR (60-70%): Calories burned at rest","tefComponent","TEF (10%): Thermic Effect of Food (digestion)","neatComponent","NEAT (15-20%): Non-Exercise Activity (walking, fidgeting)","eatComponent","EAT (5-10%): Exercise Activity Thermogenesis","usingYourTdeeTitle","Using Your TDEE","Track food intake for 2 weeks at TDEE","Adjust based on actual weight changes","Recalculate as your weight changes",{"_509":13775},"Enter your details to calculate TDEE","tools/terminal-velocity-calculator",{"_166":13778,"_200":13779,"_1065":13780,"_57":13796,"_136":13827,"_1238":13836,"_1235":13837,"_989":13839},"Terminal Velocity Calculator","Calculate the terminal velocity of falling objects with drag force analysis",{"_2824":1150,"_13781":13782,"_6083":13783,"_13784":2310,"_5547":2314,"_658":659,"_13785":13786,"_13787":13788,"_2449":13789},"dragCoefficient","Drag Coefficient","Cross-sectional Area (m²)","fluidDensity","dragHint","Sphere: 0.47, Flat: 1.28","fluidDensityHint","Air: 1.225, Water: 1000",{"_1711":1711,"_13790":13790,"_13791":13792,"_13793":2312,"_13794":13795,"_2730":10964},"dimensionless","mSquared","m²","kgPerMCubed","mPerSSquared","m/s²",{"_13797":2323,"_13798":13799,"_13800":13801,"_13802":13803,"_13804":13805,"_13806":13807,"_13808":13809,"_13810":13811,"_1683":1684,"_13812":13813,"_13814":13815,"_13816":13817,"_13818":13819,"_13820":13821,"_1201":13822},"forceDiagram","metersPerSec","meters/second","kmPerHour","km per hour","milesPerHour","miles per hour","fallAnalysis","Fall Analysis","velocityAt","Velocity at","distanceAt","Distance at","timeToReach","Time to reach terminal velocity","drag","Drag","atTerminalVelocity","At terminal velocity:","weightEqualsDrag","Weight = Drag","highReynolds","High Reynolds number - turbulent flow assumed","moderateReynolds","Moderate Reynolds number",{"_2730":10964,"_13823":10567,"_2830":3822,"_13824":13825,"_13826":13826,"_2348":2349},"mps","kmh","km/h","mph",{"_13828":13829,"_13830":13831,"_13832":13833,"_13834":13835},"skydiver","Skydiver (belly-down)","skydiverHead","Skydiver (head-down)","baseball","Baseball","parachute","Parachute",{"_166":1240},{"_1094":13838},"Enter valid values to calculate terminal velocity",{"_166":13840,"_200":13841,"_11479":13842,"_13843":13844,"_13845":13846,"_13847":13848,"_13849":13850,"_6998":13851,"_1028":13852,"_1030":13853,"_1889":13854},"About Terminal Velocity Calculator","Terminal velocity is reached when the drag force equals the gravitational force, causing the net acceleration to be zero. The object then falls at a constant speed.","Key Factors","factor1","Mass - heavier objects have higher terminal velocity","factor2","Cross-sectional area - larger area means more drag","factor3","Drag coefficient - depends on shape and surface roughness","factor4","Fluid density - denser fluids create more drag","Real-World Examples","Skydiver (belly-down): ~55 m/s (200 km/h)","Skydiver (head-down): ~90 m/s (320 km/h)","Raindrop: ~9 m/s (32 km/h)","tools/terms-and-conditions-generator",{"_166":13857,"_200":13858,"_136":13859,"_1065":13866,"_13871":13872,"_13876":13877,"_1073":13888,"_162":13890,"_1580":13893,"_989":13897},"Terms and Conditions Generator","Generate customizable terms and conditions for your website or service",{"_13860":13861,"_13862":13863,"_13864":13865},"ecommerceSite","E-commerce Site","saasApplication","SaaS Application","marketplacePlatform","Marketplace Platform",{"_10749":10750,"_9331":7054,"_10751":10752,"_10753":10754,"_13867":13868,"_13869":13870},"serviceType","Service Type","countryJurisdiction","Country/Jurisdiction","serviceTypes",{"_2445":2446,"_13873":13874,"_13875":10745,"_11623":12039},"app","Mobile App","saas","countries",{"_13878":13879,"_13880":13881,"_13882":13883,"_13884":13885,"_13886":13887},"us","United States","uk","United Kingdom","canada","Canada","australia","Australia","eu","European Union",{"_34":13889,"_20":1579},"Generate Terms & Conditions",{"_166":13891,"_168":13892},"Legal Disclaimer:","This is not legal advice. Consult with a qualified attorney to review and customize these terms for your specific needs.",{"_13894":13895,"_10775":13896},"generatedTerms","Generated Terms & Conditions","You can edit the terms above before copying",{"_166":13898,"_200":13899,"_6733":6734,"_4092":13900,"_4094":13901,"_4096":13902,"_6738":13903,"_10784":13904,"_13905":13906},"About Terms and Conditions","Terms and Conditions (also called Terms of Service or Terms of Use) establish the rules and guidelines for using your website or service. They protect your business and inform users of their rights and responsibilities.","This is a basic template - customize it for your specific needs","Have a lawyer review your terms before publishing","Laws vary by jurisdiction and industry","Update terms as your business or services change","Make terms easily accessible and clearly displayed","note6","Consider age restrictions, privacy, and liability limits","tools/text-case-converter",{"_166":13909,"_200":13910,"_11822":13911,"_13912":13913,"_136":13925,"_989":13936},"Text Case Converter","Convert text to UPPERCASE, lowercase, Title Case, and more","Enter or paste your text here...","processors",{"_9158":13914,"_9160":9160,"_13915":13916,"_13917":13918,"_13919":13919,"_13920":13921,"_13922":13923,"_8080":13924},"UPPERCASE","titleCase","Title Case","sentenceCase","Sentence case","camelCase","snakeCase","snake_case","kebabCase","kebab-case","INVERSE",{"_9160":13926,"_13927":13928,"_9158":13929,"_13930":13931,"_13932":13933,"_13934":13935},"Lowercase","lowercaseText","hello world","Uppercase","uppercaseText","HELLO WORLD","mixedCase","Mixed Case","mixedCaseText","convert this text to snake case",{"_166":13937,"_9158":13938,"_9160":13939,"_13915":13940,"_13917":13941,"_13919":13942,"_13920":13943,"_13922":13944},"Case Conversion Guide","• UPPERCASE: ALL LETTERS CAPITALIZED","• lowercase: all letters in lower case","• Title Case: First Letter Of Each Word Capitalized","• Sentence case: First letter of sentences capitalized","• camelCase: firstWordLowerRestCapitalized (programming)","• snake_case: words_separated_by_underscores (programming)","• kebab-case: words-separated-by-hyphens (URLs)","tools/text-encrypt-decrypt",{"_166":13947,"_200":13948,"_136":13949,"_1168":13952,"_1065":13957,"_1073":13969,"_57":13976,"_438":13979,"_1514":13986,"_989":13991},"Text Encrypt/Decrypt","Encrypt and decrypt text with password protection",{"_13950":13951},"encryptMessage","Encrypt Message",{"_13953":13954,"_13955":13956},"encrypt","🔒 Encrypt","decrypt","🔓 Decrypt",{"_13958":13959,"_13960":13961,"_1491":13962,"_13963":13964,"_432":433,"_13965":13966,"_13967":13968},"textToEncrypt","Text to Encrypt","encryptedText","Encrypted Text","Enter your secret message here...","encryptedPlaceholder","Paste encrypted text here (starts with ENC1:)...","passwordPlaceholder","Enter a strong password","passwordHelper","Use the same password to encrypt and decrypt",{"_13970":13971,"_13972":13973,"_13974":13975},"encryptText","🔒 Encrypt Text","decryptText","🔓 Decrypt Text","copyResult","Copy Result",{"_13960":13961,"_13977":13978},"decryptedText","Decrypted Text",{"_13980":13981,"_13982":13983,"_13984":13985},"enterText","Please enter text to {{mode}}","enterPassword","Please enter a password","failedToProcess","Failed to {{mode}}: {{message}}",{"_13987":13988,"_13989":13990},"encryptWarning","Important: Save this encrypted text and your password. You'll need both to decrypt the message later.","decryptSuccess","Success! Your message has been decrypted.",{"_166":13992,"_6055":13993,"_2940":227,"_6992":13994,"_6994":13995,"_6996":13996,"_13997":13998,"_13999":14000,"_14001":14002,"_14003":14004,"_14005":14006,"_14007":14008,"_4241":8704,"_4243":14009,"_4245":14010,"_4247":14011,"_4249":14012},"About Text Encryption","Security Note: This tool uses client-side encryption for educational purposes and light security needs. For sensitive data, use professional encryption tools and secure transmission methods.","Your text and password never leave your browser","Encryption is performed entirely client-side using JavaScript","The same password must be used for both encryption and decryption","howItWorks4","Encrypted text starts with \"ENC1:\" to identify the format","passwordTipsTitle","Password Tips","passwordTip1","Use a strong, unique password (mix of letters, numbers, symbols)","passwordTip2","Longer passwords (12+ characters) are more secure","passwordTip3","Don't share your password through insecure channels","passwordTip4","Remember or securely store your password - it cannot be recovered","Protect personal notes and journal entries","Share sensitive information through public channels","Store passwords or API keys in encrypted form","Practice encryption concepts for learning","tools/text-reverser",{"_166":14015,"_200":14016,"_136":14017,"_1065":14030,"_1168":14034,"_57":14035,"_989":14038},"Text Reverser","Reverse your text in multiple ways",{"_14018":14019,"_14020":14021,"_14022":14023,"_14024":14025,"_14026":14027,"_14028":14029},"entireText","Reverse Entire Text","entireTextExample","Hello World!\nThis is a test.","eachLine","Reverse Each Line","eachLineExample","First line\nSecond line\nThird line","eachWord","Reverse Each Word","eachWordExample","Hello World\nHow are you today",{"_1489":14031,"_1491":14032,"_1145":14033},"Text to Reverse","Enter text to reverse...","Reverse Mode",{"_14018":14019,"_14022":14023,"_14026":14027},{"_1352":14036,"_1586":14037},"Reversed Text","Characters: {{count}}",{"_166":14039,"_200":14040,"_6133":14041,"_14042":14019,"_14043":14044,"_14045":14023,"_14046":14047,"_14048":14027,"_14049":14050,"_14051":14052,"_14053":14054},"How to Use Text Reverser","Paste or type your text, choose a reverse mode, and get instantly reversed results. Great for creating mirror text, word puzzles, or just having fun with text manipulation.","Reverse Modes","mode1Title","mode1Desc","Reverses all characters including line breaks","mode2Title","mode2Desc","Reverses characters within each line separately","mode3Title","mode3Desc","Reverses each word individually, preserving word order","mode4Title","Instant Preview","mode4Desc","See results update as you type","tools/text-to-speech",{"_166":14057,"_200":14058,"_136":14059,"_1065":14068,"_3058":14075,"_1073":14082,"_563":14087,"_989":14090},"Text-to-Speech","Convert text to natural speech with customizable voices",{"_503":14060,"_14061":14062,"_2462":14063,"_14064":5887,"_14065":14066,"_11677":14067},"Welcome Message","welcomeText","Hello! Welcome to the Text-to-Speech tool. Try adjusting the voice, speed, and pitch settings!","Classic Phrase","classicText","test","Test Audio","Testing, one, two, three. Can you hear me clearly?",{"_1489":14069,"_2883":14070,"_14071":14072,"_14073":12972,"_569":14074},"Text to Speak","Enter text here to convert to speech...","voiceLabel","Voice","defaultVoice","{{characters}} characters, ~{{words}} words",{"_11425":11426,"_1928":14076,"_311":11431,"_7289":14077,"_7291":14078,"_12923":14079,"_14080":14081,"_6421":6422},"Normal","Low","High","Speed","pitch","Pitch",{"_14083":14084,"_3062":3063,"_14085":14086,"_75":76},"speak","Speak","resume","Resume",{"_14088":14089,"_12765":12766},"speaking","Speaking...",{"_166":14091,"_200":14092,"_3108":3109,"_3958":14093,"_3960":14094,"_3962":14095,"_3964":14096,"_3966":14097,"_14098":14099,"_1126":2573,"_1128":14100,"_1130":14101,"_1132":14102,"_1134":14103,"_1136":14104,"_1275":1276,"_1004":14105,"_1006":14106,"_1008":14107,"_1467":14108,"_3521":14109},"About Text-to-Speech","Convert any text into natural-sounding speech using your browser's built-in speech synthesis. Perfect for accessibility, proofreading, or content consumption.","Multiple voices in different languages and accents","Adjustable speech rate (speed) from 0.5x to 2x","Customizable pitch for different voice characteristics","Volume control from 0% to 100%","Pause, resume, and stop controls","feature6","Works entirely in your browser - no server needed","Proofreading documents by listening to them","Accessibility for visually impaired users","Learning pronunciation of new words or languages","Creating audio content from written text","Multitasking - listen while doing other work","Use punctuation to control pauses and intonation","Slow down the speed for better comprehension","Try different voices to find the most natural-sounding one","Adjust pitch to make the voice sound younger or older","Available voices depend on your operating system and browser","tools/thermal-expansion-calculator",{"_166":14112,"_200":14113,"_1065":14114,"_11015":14128,"_57":14132,"_136":14139,"_1238":14146,"_1235":14150,"_989":14152,"_5570":14161,"_1199":14185},"Thermal Expansion Calculator","Calculate linear, area, and volume expansion of materials due to temperature change",{"_14115":14116,"_14117":14118,"_14119":14120,"_5539":14121,"_14122":14123,"_14124":14125,"_14126":14127},"expansionType","Expansion Type","material","Material","initialSize","Initial Size","Coefficient (×10⁻⁶ /°C)","coefficientPlaceholder","×10⁻⁶ /°C","initialTemp","Initial Temperature (°C)","finalTemp","Final Temperature (°C)",{"_5767":14129,"_6083":14130,"_6421":14131},"Linear (ΔL)","Area (ΔA)","Volume (ΔV)",{"_14119":14120,"_14133":14134,"_1225":14135,"_14136":14137,"_14138":6113},"finalSize","Final Size","Change (Δ)","percentChange","Percent Change","tempChange",{"_14140":14141,"_14142":14143,"_14144":14145},"aluminumBar","Aluminum Bar","steelRail","Steel Rail","copperSheet","Copper Sheet",{"_166":1240,"_5767":14147,"_6083":14148,"_6421":14149},"Linear: ΔL = L₀αΔT","Area: ΔA ≈ A₀(2α)ΔT","Volume: ΔV ≈ V₀(3α)ΔT",{"_1094":14151},"Enter values to calculate thermal expansion",{"_166":14153,"_200":14154,"_2930":14155,"_14156":14157,"_4790":4888,"_4791":14158,"_4793":14159,"_4795":14160},"About Thermal Expansion Calculator","When materials are heated, they expand as atoms vibrate more and take up more space. The coefficient of thermal expansion (α) describes how much a material expands per degree of temperature change.","Linear Expansion Coefficients","coefficientsUnits","Values in ×10⁻⁶ /°C","Designing bridges and buildings with expansion joints","Fitting parts using thermal shrink fitting","Understanding bimetallic strips in thermostats",{"_14162":14163,"_14164":14165,"_14166":14167,"_14168":14169,"_2919":14170,"_14171":14172,"_14173":14174,"_14175":14176,"_14177":14178,"_14179":14180,"_14181":14182,"_14183":14184,"_2300":2301},"aluminum","Aluminum","brass","Brass","copper","Copper","gold","Gold","Iron","lead","Lead","nickel","Nickel","platinum","Platinum","silver","Silver","steel","Steel","glass","Glass","concrete","Concrete",{"_1428":4434,"_14186":14187,"_14188":14189},"expanded","Expanded","exaggeratedNote","(Expansion exaggerated for visibility)","tools/time-addition-calculator",{"_166":14192,"_200":14193,"_136":14194,"_1065":14201,"_3290":14207,"_57":14209,"_989":14226,"_658":14239,"_1235":14240},"Time Addition Calculator","Add or subtract hours, minutes, and seconds to calculate new time",{"_14195":14196,"_14197":14198,"_14199":14200},"addHours","+2.5 hours","movieRuntime","Movie runtime","subtractHours","-3 hours",{"_14202":14203,"_3276":3277,"_3857":3858,"_14204":9363,"_3859":3860,"_14205":9363,"_2730":3861,"_14206":9363},"startTime","Start Time","hoursPlaceholder","minutesPlaceholder","secondsPlaceholder",{"_126":127,"_3293":14208},"Subtract",{"_14210":14211,"_14212":14213,"_14214":14215,"_14216":14217,"_14218":14219,"_14220":14221,"_14222":14223,"_14224":14225},"result12Hour","Result Time (12-hour)","format24Hour","24-Hour Format","daysAdded","+{{days}} day","daysAdded_other","+{{days}} days","daysSubtracted","{{days}} day","daysSubtracted_other","{{days}} days","addedDuration","Added {{duration}}","subtractedDuration","Subtracted {{duration}}",{"_166":14227,"_200":14228,"_6727":2573,"_14229":14230,"_14231":14232,"_14233":14234,"_14235":14236,"_14237":14238},"How to Use This Time Addition Calculator","Enter a start time and specify how many hours, minutes, and seconds to add or subtract. The calculator will show the resulting time in both 12-hour and 24-hour formats.","commonUse1","Calculate meeting end times","commonUse2","Add movie or event durations","commonUse3","Schedule breaks and activities","commonUse4","Plan cooking and baking times","commonUse5","Calculate travel arrival times",{"_3145":3146,"_3147":3148},{"_509":14241},"Enter times to calculate total","tools/time-zone-converter",{"_166":14244,"_200":14245,"_136":14246,"_14253":14254,"_1065":14283,"_57":14288,"_989":14294},"Time Zone Converter","Convert time between different time zones around the world",{"_14247":14248,"_14249":14250,"_14251":14252},"9amPstEst","9 AM PST → EST","2pmEstGmt","2 PM EST → GMT","10amUtcJst","10 AM UTC → JST","timezones",{"_14255":14256,"_14257":14258,"_14259":14260,"_14261":14262,"_14263":14264,"_14265":14266,"_5174":5175,"_14267":14268,"_14269":14270,"_14271":14272,"_14273":14274,"_14275":14276,"_14277":14278,"_14279":14280,"_14281":14282},"est","EST (Eastern)","cst","CST (Central)","mst","MST (Mountain)","pst","PST (Pacific)","akst","AKST (Alaska)","hst","HST (Hawaii)","gmt","GMT (London)","cet","CET (Paris)","msk","MSK (Moscow)","gst","GST (Dubai)","ist","IST (India)","cstChina","CST (China)","jst","JST (Japan)","aedt","AEDT (Sydney)",{"_1640":1641,"_658":659,"_14284":14285,"_14286":14287},"fromTimeZone","From Time Zone","toTimeZone","To Time Zone",{"_14289":14290,"_14291":14292,"_10517":14293},"convertedTime","Converted Time","fullDateTime","Full Date & Time","{{sourceDate}} {{sourceTime}} in {{sourceZone}} converts to {{targetDate}} {{targetTime}} in {{targetZone}}",{"_166":14295,"_200":14296,"_6727":2573,"_1128":14297,"_1130":14298,"_1132":14299,"_1134":14300,"_1136":14301},"How to Use This Time Zone Converter","Select a date and time in the source timezone, then choose which timezone you want to convert it to. Perfect for scheduling international meetings, calls, or events.","Schedule international meetings","Coordinate with remote teams","Plan travel across time zones","Check business hours in different countries","Convert event times for global audiences","tools/tip-calculator",{"_166":14304,"_200":14305,"_1014":14306,"_57":14314,"_136":14320,"_224":14327,"_1042":14332,"_228":14334},"Tip Calculator","Calculate tips and split bills with ease",{"_14307":14308,"_14309":9370,"_14310":14311,"_14312":14313},"billAmount","Bill Amount ($)","billAmount.placeholder","tipPercentage","Tip Percentage","split","Number of People",{"_14315":14316,"_14317":1730,"_14318":14319},"tipAmount","Tip Amount","totalAmount","amountPerPerson","Per Person",{"_14321":14322,"_14323":14324,"_14325":14326},"dinner-for-two","Dinner for Two","large-group","Large Group","solo-diner","Solo Diner",{"_1036":14328,"_1038":14329,"_1040":14330,"_1948":14331},"Enter your bill amount in the first field","Adjust the tip percentage using the slider (default is 15%)","If splitting the bill, enter the number of people","View the calculated tip, total, and per-person amounts instantly",{"_166":227,"_1044":14333},"The calculator multiplies your bill amount by the tip percentage to get the tip. Then it adds the tip to the original bill for the total, and divides by the number of people for individual amounts.",{"_1047":14335,"_1053":14338},{"_1049":14336,"_1051":14337},"What is a good tip percentage?","In the US, 15-20% is standard for restaurant service. 18-20% is common for good service, while 20-25% is appropriate for exceptional service.",{"_1049":14339,"_1051":14340},"Should I tip on the pre-tax or post-tax amount?","Either is acceptable. Tipping on the pre-tax amount is slightly lower, while tipping on the post-tax total is more generous and simpler to calculate.","tools/titration-calculator",{"_166":14343,"_200":14344,"_1065":14345,"_2449":14357,"_11015":14360,"_57":14365,"_9119":14386,"_14394":14395,"_2472":14404,"_136":14408,"_1238":14415,"_1235":14422,"_989":14424},"Titration Calculator","Calculate titration curves, equivalence points, and pH for acid-base titrations",{"_14346":14347,"_14348":14349,"_14350":14351,"_14352":14353,"_2196":14354,"_14355":14356},"titrationType","Titration Type","analyteConc","Analyte Concentration (M)","analyteVol","Analyte Volume (mL)","titrantConc","Titrant Concentration (M)","pKa of Weak Acid","queryVolume","Calculate pH at Volume",{"_4549":14358,"_6421":14359,"_2196":2198},"M","mL",{"_14361":14362,"_14363":14364},"strongStrong","Strong Acid + Strong Base","weakStrong","Weak Acid + Strong Base",{"_14366":14367,"_14368":14369,"_14370":14371,"_14372":14373,"_14374":14375,"_14376":14377,"_14378":14379,"_14380":14381,"_14382":14383,"_14384":14385},"equivalenceVol","Equivalence Volume","equivalencePH","pH at Equivalence","initialPH","Initial pH","halfEqPH","pH at Half-Eq. (= pKa)","titrationCurve","Titration Curve","bufferRegion","Buffer region (green)","recommendedIndicator","Recommended Indicator","phAtVolume","pH = {{value}}","phRangeLabel","pH range: {{min}} - {{max}}","colorLabel","Color: {{acidColor}} → {{baseColor}}",{"_14387":14388,"_14389":2200,"_14390":14391,"_14392":14393},"xAxisLabel","Volume of Titrant (mL)","yAxisLabel","equivalenceLabel","Eq.","halfEquivalenceLabel","½","indicators",{"_14396":14397,"_14398":14399,"_14400":14401,"_14402":14403},"methylOrange","Methyl Orange","bromothymolBlue","Bromothymol Blue","phenolphthalein","Phenolphthalein","thymolBlue","Thymol Blue",{"_3255":3255,"_14405":14405,"_3253":3253,"_14406":14406,"_14407":14407},"yellow","colorless","pink",{"_14409":14410,"_14411":14412,"_14413":14414},"aceticAcid","Acetic Acid + NaOH","hclNaoh","HCl + NaOH","formicAcid","Formic Acid + NaOH",{"_166":1261,"_14416":14417,"_14418":14419,"_14420":14421},"equivalence","Equivalence: moles acid = moles base","henderson","Henderson-Hasselbalch: pH = pKa + log([A⁻]/[HA])","halfEq","Half-equivalence: pH = pKa",{"_1094":14423},"Enter values to generate the titration curve",{"_166":14425,"_200":14426,"_1260":1261,"_1262":14427,"_1264":14428,"_1266":14429,"_1275":1276,"_1004":14430,"_1006":14431,"_1008":14432},"About Titration Calculator","Titration is a technique to determine the concentration of an unknown solution by adding a solution of known concentration until the reaction reaches equivalence. The pH changes dramatically near the equivalence point.","Strong acid + strong base: pH = 7 at equivalence","Weak acid + strong base: pH > 7 at equivalence due to conjugate base","Buffer region: pH changes slowly (good for buffering)","The buffer region is where pH changes slowly","At half-equivalence, [HA] = [A⁻], so pH = pKa","Choose an indicator whose color change occurs near the equivalence pH","tools/torque-lever-arm-calculator",{"_166":14435,"_200":14436,"_1065":14437,"_1168":14450,"_14455":14456,"_2449":14459,"_57":14463,"_2283":14480,"_136":14481,"_1238":14488,"_1235":14489,"_989":14491},"Torque & Lever Arm Calculator","Calculate torque, analyze lever arms, and determine rotational equilibrium",{"_1569":1570,"_2179":2180,"_3741":3760,"_3747":14438,"_1309":14439,"_14440":14441,"_14442":14443,"_14444":14445,"_14446":14447,"_14448":14449},"Lever Arm (m)","Angle (°)","torque","Torque (N·m)","torquePlaceholder","N·m","clockwise","Clockwise direction","forceNum","Force #{{n}}","addForce","Add Force",{"_14451":14452,"_14453":14454},"single","Single Torque","multiple","Multiple Forces","solveForOptions",{"_14440":14457,"_3741":3742,"_3747":14458,"_1309":10424},"Torque (τ)","Lever Arm (r)",{"_14460":3760,"_14461":3757,"_14462":14439},"forceN","distanceM","angleDeg",{"_14464":14465,"_14466":14467,"_14468":14469,"_14444":14470,"_14471":14472,"_14473":14474,"_14475":14476,"_14440":14477,"_3741":3767,"_14478":14479,"_1309":1310},"effectiveLever","Effective Lever Arm","netTorque","Net Torque","equilibrium","Equilibrium","Clockwise","counterclockwise","Counterclockwise","netClockwise","Net Clockwise","netCounterclockwise","Net Counterclockwise","Torque","leverArm","Lever Arm",{"_14468":14469},{"_14482":14483,"_14484":14485,"_14486":14487},"wrench","Wrench on Bolt","seesaw","Balanced Seesaw","door","Door Handle",{"_166":1240},{"_1094":14490},"Enter values to calculate torque",{"_166":14492,"_200":14493,"_1260":1261,"_1262":14494,"_1264":14495,"_1266":14496,"_4790":4888,"_4791":14497,"_4793":14498,"_4795":14499},"About Torque Calculator","Torque is the rotational equivalent of force. It depends on the applied force, the distance from the pivot point (lever arm), and the angle between them. The effective lever arm is r·sin(θ).","Maximum torque occurs when force is perpendicular to lever arm (90°)","Rotational equilibrium: net torque = 0","Sign convention: counterclockwise (+), clockwise (-)","Tightening bolts with wrenches","Balancing seesaws and levers","Engine and motor analysis","tools/unit-converter",{"_166":14502,"_200":14503,"_136":14504,"_323":14511,"_1201":14512,"_1065":14541,"_1073":14542,"_57":14543},"Unit Converter","Convert between different units of measurement",{"_14505":14506,"_14507":14508,"_14509":14510},"100cToF","100°C to °F","5milesToKm","5 miles to km","150lbsToKg","150 lbs to kg",{"_6424":6425,"_3747":3768,"_1683":1684,"_6421":6422},{"_14513":14514,"_14515":14516,"_14517":14518,"_2830":14519,"_14520":14521,"_14522":14523,"_14524":14525,"_10155":14526,"_14527":14528,"_14529":14530,"_14531":14532,"_8311":14533,"_13228":14534,"_14535":14536,"_14537":14538,"_14539":14540},"celsius","Celsius (°C)","fahrenheit","Fahrenheit (°F)","kelvin","Kelvin (K)","Meters (m)","kilometers","Kilometers (km)","miles","Miles (mi)","feet","Feet (ft)","Inches (in)","kilograms","Kilograms (kg)","pounds","Pounds (lb)","ounces","Ounces (oz)","Grams (g)","Liters (L)","milliliters","Milliliters (mL)","gallons","Gallons (gal)","cups","Cups",{"_1426":1722,"_1723":1724,"_7487":9363},{"_32":33},{"_7485":14544},"{{value}}","tools/unit-price-calculator",{"_166":14547,"_200":14548,"_136":14549,"_2934":14562,"_1065":14565,"_57":14568,"_1073":14571,"_9912":14574,"_989":14585},"Unit Price Calculator","Compare prices per unit to find the best deal",{"_14550":14551,"_14552":14553,"_14554":14555,"_14556":14557,"_14558":14559,"_14560":14561},"cerealLabel","Cereal Comparison","cereal1","Cereal A: $3.99 / 12 oz","cereal2","Cereal B: $5.49 / 18 oz","towelsLabel","Paper Towels","towels1","Pack A: $8.99 / 6 rolls","towels2","Pack B: $12.99 / 12 rolls",{"_14563":14564,"_28":29},"defaultName","Product {{number}}",{"_11582":14566,"_1681":1682,"_10154":1686,"_11159":9370,"_14567":9363},"Price ($)","quantityPlaceholder",{"_11182":11183,"_14569":14570},"bestDeal","Best Deal!",{"_14572":14573,"_26":27},"addProduct","Add Product",{"_166":14575,"_14576":14577,"_14578":14578,"_14579":14580,"_14581":14581,"_14582":14583,"_1235":14584},"Comparison Summary","bestValue","offers the best value at","per","moreExpensive","is","more","moreExpensivePercent","more expensive","Add items to compare prices",{"_166":14586,"_2484":2485,"_14587":14588,"_14589":14590,"_14591":14592,"_14593":14594,"_14595":14596,"_14597":14598,"_14599":14600,"_14601":14602,"_14603":14604,"_14605":14606,"_14607":14608,"_14609":14610,"_14611":14612,"_14613":14614,"_14615":14616,"_14617":14618,"_14619":14620,"_14621":4635,"_1004":14622,"_1006":14623,"_1008":14624,"_1467":14625,"_3521":14626,"_10009":14627},"How to Use Unit Price Calculator","instruction1","Enter the price for each product you want to compare","instruction2","Enter the quantity (size) of each product","instruction3","Select the appropriate unit (oz, lb, pieces, etc.)","instruction4","The calculator will show the price per unit for each product","instruction5","The best deal (lowest unit price) will be highlighted","instruction6","Add more products to compare as many options as you like","whyCompareTitle","Why Compare Unit Prices?","whyCompare1Title","Find better deals","whyCompare1","Bigger packages aren't always cheaper per unit","whyCompare2Title","Save money","whyCompare2","Small price differences add up over time","whyCompare3Title","Smart shopping","whyCompare3","Make informed purchasing decisions","whyCompare4Title","Compare brands","whyCompare4","Easily compare name brand vs. generic prices","whyCompare5Title","Avoid waste","whyCompare5","Sometimes smaller packages are better value","shoppingTipsTitle","Always check unit prices, not just total prices","Store shelves often show unit prices on price tags","Consider how much you'll actually use before buying bulk","Factor in storage space and expiration dates","Sometimes smaller sizes are fresher or more convenient","Compare across different stores for the best overall value","tools/url-encoder",{"_166":14630,"_200":14631,"_136":14632,"_1556":1557,"_1558":1559,"_1065":14638,"_14647":14648,"_14649":14650,"_36":37,"_1576":1577,"_1578":1579,"_1580":14651,"_1586":14656,"_140":1588,"_438":14657,"_989":14662,"_14682":14683},"URL Encoder/Decoder","Encode or decode URLs and query strings",{"_14633":14634,"_14635":14636,"_9691":14637},"urlWithSpaces","URL with Spaces","encodedUrl","Encoded URL","Form Data",{"_14639":14640,"_14641":14642,"_14643":14644,"_14645":14646},"labelEncode","URL/Text to Encode","labelDecode","URL Encoded String to Decode","placeholderEncode","Enter URL or text to encode...\ne.g., https://example.com/search?q=hello world","placeholderDecode","Enter URL encoded string to decode...\ne.g., https%3A%2F%2Fexample.com","encodeButton","Encode URL","decodeButton","Decode URL",{"_14652":14653,"_14654":14655},"labelEncoded","URL Encoded Output","labelDecoded","Decoded URL","{{count}} characters",{"_14658":14659,"_14660":14661},"failedToEncode","Failed to encode URL.","invalidEncoded","Invalid URL encoded string. Please check your input.",{"_166":14663,"_6203":14664,"_14665":14666,"_14667":1600,"_14668":14669,"_14670":14671,"_14672":14673,"_14674":14675,"_14676":14677,"_14678":14679,"_14680":14681},"What is URL Encoding?","URL Encoding:","encodingText","Converts special characters to percent-encoded format (%XX) for safe URL transmission","usesLabel","usesText","Query parameters, form data, API requests, special characters in URLs","specialLabel","Special Characters:","specialText","Spaces become %20, & becomes %26, = becomes %3D, etc.","safeLabel","Safe Characters:","safeText","A-Z, a-z, 0-9, -, _, ., ~ (these don't need encoding)","exampleLabel","Example:","exampleText","\"hello world\" becomes \"hello%20world\"","commonChars",{"_166":14684,"_12954":14685,"_14686":14687,"_12650":14688,"_14689":14690,"_14691":14692,"_14693":14694,"_1049":14695,"_3864":14696},"Common Encoded Characters","Space → %20","exclamation","! → %21","# → %23","dollar","$ → %24","ampersand","& → %26","equals","= → %3D","? → %3F","@ → %40","tools/url-safety-checker",{"_166":14699,"_200":14700,"_136":14701,"_1065":14706,"_1073":14709,"_57":14711,"_14720":14721,"_14774":14775,"_989":14785},"URL Safety Checker","Analyze URLs for potential security risks and phishing indicators",{"_14702":14703,"_14704":14705},"safe","Safe URL","suspicious","Suspicious URL",{"_12485":14707,"_6667":14708},"URL to Check","Enter a URL to analyze (e.g., https://example.com)",{"_187":14710,"_36":37},"Check URL Safety",{"_166":14712,"_14702":14713,"_536":14714,"_14715":14716,"_970":14717,"_189":14718,"_14394":14719},"Safety Analysis","Appears Safe","Potential Risks Detected","danger","High Risk Detected","Safety Score","Analysis Details","Risk Indicators","checks",{"_14722":14723,"_14724":14725,"_14726":14727,"_14728":14729,"_14730":14731,"_14732":14733,"_14734":14735,"_14736":14737,"_14738":14739,"_2817":14740,"_14741":14742,"_14743":14744,"_6224":14745,"_14746":14747,"_14748":14749,"_14750":14751,"_14752":14753,"_14754":14755,"_14756":14757,"_14758":14759,"_14760":14761,"_14762":14763,"_14764":14765,"_14766":14767,"_14768":14769,"_14770":14771,"_14772":14773},"protocol","Protocol Check","protocolSafe","Uses secure HTTPS protocol","protocolWarning","Uses insecure HTTP protocol","domain","Domain Analysis","domainClean","Domain appears legitimate","domainSuspicious","Domain contains suspicious patterns","ipAddress","IP Address Check","ipClean","Uses standard domain name","ipWarning","Uses raw IP address instead of domain","URL Length","lengthNormal","URL length is normal","lengthLong","Unusually long URL","Character Encoding","encodingClean","No suspicious encoding detected","encodingWarning","Contains suspicious encoded characters","subdomain","Subdomain Analysis","subdomainNormal","Normal subdomain structure","subdomainExcessive","Excessive subdomains detected","typosquatting","Typosquatting Check","typosquattingClean","No known brand impersonation detected","typosquattingWarning","Possible typosquatting of known brand","fileExtension","File Extension","fileExtensionSafe","No suspicious file extensions","fileExtensionWarning","Contains potentially dangerous file extension","redirect","Redirect Patterns","redirectClean","No suspicious redirect patterns","redirectWarning","Contains suspicious redirect patterns","parsed",{"_166":14776,"_14722":14777,"_14728":14778,"_14779":14780,"_14781":14782,"_14783":14784},"URL Components","Protocol","Domain","path","Path","query","Query Parameters","fragment","Fragment",{"_166":14786,"_200":14787,"_14788":14789,"_14790":14791,"_14792":14793,"_14794":14795,"_14796":14797,"_14798":14799,"_14800":14801,"_7003":7004,"_7005":14802,"_7007":14803,"_7009":14804,"_1275":14805,"_1004":14806,"_1006":14807,"_1008":14808},"About URL Safety Checker","This tool analyzes URLs for common indicators of phishing, malware, and other security risks. It uses heuristic analysis to detect suspicious patterns without connecting to the URL.","checksTitle","What We Check","check1","Protocol security (HTTPS vs HTTP)","check2","Suspicious domain patterns and IP addresses","check3","Excessive URL length or encoding","check4","Known typosquatting patterns","check5","Dangerous file extensions","check6","Suspicious redirect patterns","This is a heuristic analysis, not a definitive security scan","Cannot detect all threats or verify actual page content","Always use additional security tools for critical decisions","Safety Tips","Always verify URLs before clicking, especially in emails","Look for HTTPS and valid certificates on sensitive sites","Be wary of URLs with misspellings of known brands","tools/uuid-generator",{"_166":14811,"_200":14812,"_136":14813,"_1065":14820,"_1073":14825,"_57":14830,"_989":14832},"UUID Generator","Generate random UUID v4 (Universally Unique Identifiers)",{"_14814":14815,"_14816":14817,"_14818":14819},"singleUuid","Single UUID","5uuids","5 UUIDs","uppercaseUuid","Uppercase UUID",{"_14821":14822,"_9158":13929,"_14823":14824},"numberOfUuids","Number of UUIDs","includeHyphens","Include Hyphens",{"_14826":14827,"_14828":14829,"_8168":8169,"_24":25,"_20":21},"generateUuid","Generate UUID","generateUuid_other","Generate UUIDs",{"_166":14831},"Generated UUIDs ({{count}})",{"_166":14833,"_14834":14835,"_14836":14837,"_6626":14838,"_1599":14839,"_14840":14841,"_7234":14842,"_14843":14844,"_14845":14846,"_14847":14848,"_14849":14850},"What is a UUID?","uuid","UUID: Universally Unique IDentifier (also called GUID - Globally Unique IDentifier)","version4","Version 4: Randomly generated 128-bit identifier with extremely low collision probability","Format: 8-4-4-4-12 hexadecimal digits (e.g., 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000)","Common Uses: Database primary keys, session IDs, transaction IDs, unique file names","uniqueness","Uniqueness: Probability of collision is so low it's considered effectively impossible","UUID v4 Structure","formatBreakdown","Format breakdown:","xDesc","x = Random hexadecimal digit (0-9, a-f)","4desc","4 = UUID version (always 4 for random UUIDs)","yDesc","y = Variant bits (one of: 8, 9, a, b)","tools/vector-addition-calculator",{"_166":14853,"_200":14854,"_1065":14855,"_1168":14863,"_57":14870,"_136":14882,"_1238":14889,"_989":14895},"Vector Addition Calculator","Add multiple 2D vectors using component or polar form and visualize the resultant",{"_14856":14857,"_14858":14859,"_3311":14860,"_1309":14439,"_14861":14862,"_5707":5708,"_2826":2826,"_2828":2828,"_28":9382},"defaultMode","Default Input Mode","vectorNum","Vector {{n}}","Magnitude","addVector","Add Vector",{"_10439":14864,"_10441":14865,"_14866":14867,"_14868":14869},"Cartesian (x, y)","Polar (magnitude, angle)","cartesianShort","Cartesian","polarShort","Polar",{"_369":11742,"_14871":14872,"_3311":14860,"_3684":7489,"_2826":2826,"_2828":2828,"_14873":14874,"_14875":14876,"_1287":14877,"_14878":2826,"_14879":2828,"_14880":4837,"_14881":14874},"resultant","Resultant Vector","resultantLabel","R","magnitudeLabel","|R|","θ","axisX","axisY","vectorLabel","resultantVectorLabel",{"_14883":14884,"_14885":14886,"_14887":14888},"rightAngle","Right Angle Vectors","forces","Force Balance","three","Three Vectors",{"_166":14890,"_6173":14891,"_6175":14892,"_6177":14893,"_6179":14894},"Vector Addition Formulas","Rx = Σxi = Σ(Ai × cos θi)","Ry = Σyi = Σ(Ai × sin θi)","|R| = √(Rx² + Ry²)","θ = atan2(Ry, Rx)",{"_166":14896,"_200":14897,"_14898":14899,"_14900":14901,"_14902":14903,"_4790":4888,"_4791":14904,"_4793":14905,"_4795":14906},"About Vector Addition Calculator","Vector addition combines multiple vectors into a single resultant vector. This tool supports both Cartesian (x, y components) and polar (magnitude, angle) representations.","conversionsTitle","Coordinate Conversions","conversion1","Polar to Cartesian: x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ","conversion2","Cartesian to Polar: r = √(x² + y²), θ = atan2(y, x)","Physics: Force addition and equilibrium","Navigation: Displacement and velocity","Engineering: Structural analysis","tools/vector-dot-cross-calculator",{"_166":14909,"_200":14910,"_1065":14911,"_3290":14918,"_57":14925,"_136":14953,"_1238":14957,"_989":14964},"Vector Dot & Cross Product Calculator","Calculate dot product, cross product, and angle between 3D vectors",{"_3276":3277,"_14912":14913,"_14914":14915,"_4810":2826,"_4812":2828,"_14916":14917},"vectorA","Vector A","vectorB","Vector B","zLabel","z",{"_14919":14920,"_14921":14922,"_14923":14924},"both","Both Products","dot","Dot Product Only","cross","Cross Product Only",{"_1199":14926,"_14927":14928,"_14929":14930,"_1309":1310,"_14931":14932,"_14933":14934,"_6902":14935,"_14936":14937,"_14938":14939,"_14940":14941,"_14942":14943,"_14944":14945,"_14946":14947,"_14948":14949,"_14950":6289,"_14951":14952},"3D Vector Visualization","dotProduct","Dot Product (A · B)","crossProduct","Cross Product (A × B)","triangleArea","Triangle Area","orthogonal","Orthogonal (perpendicular)","Parallel","vectorsParallel","Vectors are parallel (cross product is zero)","dotProductSymbol","A · B","magnitudeA","|A|","magnitudeB","|B|","crossProductSymbol","A × B","crossProductMagnitude","|A × B|","vectorALabel","A","vectorBLabel","crossProductLabel","A×B",{"_14933":14954,"_6902":14955,"_178":14956},"Orthogonal Vectors","Parallel Vectors","General Case",{"_166":1240,"_14958":14959,"_14960":14961,"_14962":14963},"dotFormula","A · B = |A||B|cos(θ) = a₁b₁ + a₂b₂ + a₃b₃","crossMagnitudeFormula","|A × B| = |A||B|sin(θ)","crossFormula","A × B = (a₂b₃ - a₃b₂, a₃b₁ - a₁b₃, a₁b₂ - a₂b₁)",{"_166":14965,"_200":14966,"_14967":14968,"_14969":14970,"_14971":14972,"_14973":14974,"_14975":14976,"_14977":14978,"_14979":14980,"_14981":14982},"About Vector Dot & Cross Product","The dot product and cross product are two fundamental operations on vectors. They have different geometric meanings and applications.","dotProductTitle","Dot Product","dot1","Returns a scalar (number)","dot2","Zero when vectors are perpendicular","dot3","Used for finding angles and projections","crossProductTitle","Cross Product","cross1","Returns a vector perpendicular to both inputs","cross2","Magnitude equals area of parallelogram","cross3","Zero when vectors are parallel","tools/video-extractor",{"_166":14985,"_200":14986,"_136":14987,"_1065":14992,"_1073":14994,"_438":15002,"_57":15007,"_989":15020},"Video Extractor","Extract all videos from any webpage",{"_14988":14989,"_14990":14991},"cnn","CNN","w3schools","W3Schools",{"_6665":6666,"_2883":6668,"_10775":14993},"Enter the URL of the webpage to extract videos from",{"_14995":14996,"_9661":14997,"_14998":14999,"_15000":15001},"extractVideos","Extract Videos","Extracting...","openVideo","Open Video","downloadVideo","Download Video",{"_6698":6703,"_15003":15004,"_15005":15006,"_12492":12493},"failedToExtract","Failed to extract videos","noVideosFound","No videos found on this webpage",{"_15008":15009,"_15010":15011,"_15012":15013,"_15014":15015,"_15016":15017,"_15018":15019},"foundVideos","Found {{count}} Video","foundVideos_other","Found {{count}} Videos","youtubeEmbed","YouTube Embed","vimeoEmbed","Vimeo Embed","videoEmbed","Video Embed","browserNotSupported","Your browser does not support the video element.",{"_166":15021,"_200":15022,"_3108":3109,"_3958":15023,"_3960":15024,"_3962":15025,"_3964":15026,"_3966":15027,"_4241":2901,"_4243":15028,"_4245":15029,"_4247":15030,"_4249":15031,"_1324":15032},"How to Use the Video Extractor","Extract all video files and embeds from any webpage. Finds MP4, WebM, MOV files as well as YouTube and Vimeo embeds.","Extract all video files from any webpage","Supports MP4, WebM, MOV, AVI, and more","Detects YouTube and Vimeo embeds","Preview videos before downloading","Shows video dimensions when available","Find all videos embedded on a webpage","Download promotional videos from product pages","Extract video content for analysis","Locate YouTube/Vimeo embeds on sites","Note: For YouTube and Vimeo videos, this tool shows the embed. You may need additional tools to download the actual video file.","tools/water-intake-calculator",{"_166":15035,"_200":15036,"_136":15037,"_1065":15041,"_13731":15048,"_15052":15053,"_57":15056,"_989":15067,"_1235":15090},"Water Intake Calculator","Calculate your daily water intake needs",{"_15038":1936,"_15039":15040,"_1937":1938},"averageAdult","activeInHeat","Active in Heat",{"_2005":15042,"_2007":15043,"_2016":15044,"_2018":15045,"_2655":2656,"_15046":15047},"Imperial (lbs)","Metric (kg)","Body Weight (lbs)","Body Weight (kg)","climate","Climate",{"_13733":15049,"_3667":3668,"_15050":15051,"_1937":1938},"Sedentary","active","Active","climates",{"_1928":14076,"_6106":6107,"_15054":15055},"dry","Dry",{"_15057":15058,"_14539":14539,"_15059":15059,"_13228":15060,"_14531":15061,"_15062":14359,"_15063":15064,"_15065":15066},"dailyGoal","Daily Water Goal","oz","L","Ounces","ml","tip","Tip:","tipText","Drink a glass of water first thing in the morning and before each meal. Carry a water bottle with you throughout the day.",{"_166":15068,"_8640":15069,"_8642":15070,"_8644":15071,"_8646":15072,"_8648":15073,"_15074":15075,"_15076":15077,"_15078":15079,"_15080":15081,"_15082":15083,"_15084":15085,"_15086":15087,"_15088":15089},"Hydration Guide","Why Hydration Matters","Regulates body temperature","Transports nutrients to cells","Flushes out toxins","Improves energy and brain function","why5","Aids digestion and weight management","signsTitle","Signs of Dehydration","sign1","Dark yellow urine","sign2","Headaches or fatigue","sign3","Dry mouth or skin","sign4","Dizziness or confusion","sourcesTitle","Water Sources","sourcesText","About 20% of daily water intake comes from food. High-water foods include cucumbers, watermelon, oranges, and soups.",{"_509":15091},"Enter your details to calculate water needs","tools/wave-interference-calculator",{"_166":15094,"_200":15095,"_1065":15096,"_57":15104,"_136":15119,"_1238":15122,"_1235":15129,"_989":15131},"Wave Interference Calculator","Calculate and visualize two-source wave interference patterns with constructive and destructive points",{"_15097":15098,"_15099":15100,"_6001":15101,"_15102":15103},"wavelength","Wavelength (m)","sourceSpacing","Source Separation (m)","Frequency (Hz)","screenDistance","Screen Distance (m)",{"_15105":15106,"_9720":13083,"_15107":15108,"_15109":15110,"_15111":9727,"_15112":15113,"_15114":15115,"_9728":15116,"_15117":15118},"waveSpeed","Wave Speed","fringeSpacing","Fringe Spacing","waveNumber","Wave Number (k)","angularFreq","constructive","Constructive Maxima","destructive","Destructive Minima","Wave Interference Animation","legendNote","Red = constructive (high amplitude), Blue = destructive (low amplitude)",{"_81":15120,"_4711":4659,"_2917":15121},"Light (Double Slit)","Water Ripples",{"_166":1240,"_15123":15124,"_15112":15125,"_15114":15126,"_15127":15128},"pathDiff","Path Difference: Δ = r₂ - r₁","Constructive: Δ = nλ (n = 0, 1, 2, ...)","Destructive: Δ = (n + 0.5)λ","fringe","Fringe Spacing: Δy = λL/d",{"_1094":15130},"Enter values to simulate wave interference",{"_166":15132,"_200":15133,"_1523":15134,"_1816":15135,"_1818":15136,"_4790":4888,"_4791":15137,"_4793":15138,"_4795":15139},"About Wave Interference Calculator","When two coherent waves meet, they interfere to create a pattern of high and low amplitude regions. This calculator simulates two-source interference, showing where waves add constructively or destructively.","Types of Interference","Constructive: Waves in phase, amplitudes add (bright/loud)","Destructive: Waves out of phase, amplitudes cancel (dark/quiet)","Double-slit experiment (light)","Noise-canceling headphones","Acoustic design and sound engineering","tools/wave-speed-calculator",{"_166":15142,"_200":15143,"_1065":15144,"_1168":15160,"_57":15166,"_2283":15178,"_15179":15180,"_136":15186,"_1238":15193,"_1235":15203,"_989":15205},"Wave Speed Calculator","Calculate wave speed, standing wave frequencies, and string wave properties",{"_15145":1146,"_6001":15101,"_15097":15098,"_15146":15147,"_15148":15149,"_15150":15151,"_15105":15152,"_15153":10567,"_15154":15155,"_15156":15157,"_15158":15159},"calculationType","stringLength","String Length (m)","harmonicNumber","Harmonic Number (n)","harmonicNumberPlaceholder","1, 2, 3...","Wave Speed (m/s)","waveSpeedPlaceholder","tension","Tension (N)","linearDensity","Linear Density (kg/m)","linearDensityPlaceholder","kg/m",{"_2219":15161,"_15162":15163,"_15164":15165},"Wave Speed (v = f × λ)","standing","Standing Waves & Harmonics","string","String Wave Speed",{"_15105":15106,"_9720":13083,"_15111":9727,"_15109":15167,"_15097":15168,"_10673":15169,"_15170":15171,"_15172":15173,"_15174":15175,"_15176":15177},"Wave Number","Wavelength","Fundamental","nodes","Nodes","antinodes","Antinodes","harmonicSeries","Harmonic Series","stringDescription","For string with T = {{T}} N and μ = {{mu}} kg/m",{"_15170":15171,"_15172":15173},"harmonics",{"_10673":15169,"_15181":15182,"_15183":15183,"_15184":15184,"_15185":15185},"nthHarmonic","{{n}}{{ordinal}} Harmonic","nd","rd","th",{"_15187":15188,"_15189":15190,"_15191":15192},"soundA","Sound (A440)","guitarString","Guitar String","stringTension","String Tension",{"_166":1240,"_15105":15194,"_9720":15195,"_15111":9742,"_15109":15196,"_15197":15198,"_15199":15200,"_15201":15202},"v = f × λ","T = 1/f","k = 2π/λ","wavelengthHarmonic","λₙ = 2L/n","frequencyHarmonic","fₙ = nv/(2L)","stringSpeed","v = √(T/μ)",{"_1094":15204},"Enter values to calculate wave properties",{"_166":15206,"_200":15207,"_1260":1261,"_1262":15208,"_1264":15209,"_1266":15210,"_11453":15211,"_15212":15213,"_15214":15215,"_15216":15217},"About Wave Speed Calculator","The wave equation relates frequency, wavelength, and wave speed. Standing waves on strings have fixed boundary conditions with nodes at both ends.","Wave speed depends on the medium, not amplitude or frequency","Standing waves: nodes (no motion), antinodes (maximum motion)","Harmonics are integer multiples of the fundamental frequency","Typical Wave Speeds","speed1","Sound in air: ~343 m/s at 20°C","speed2","Light in vacuum: 3×10⁸ m/s","speed3","Sound in water: ~1480 m/s","tools/website-checker",{"_166":15220,"_200":15221,"_1065":15222,"_1073":15224,"_438":15228,"_57":15231,"_989":15242},"Website Status Checker","Check if a website is down or just for you",{"_12485":12486,"_6667":15223},"example.com or https://example.com",{"_187":15225,"_15226":15227},"Check Website","checking","Checking...",{"_15229":15230,"_12492":12493},"checkFailed","Failed to check website",{"_15232":15233,"_15234":15235,"_15236":15237,"_15238":15239,"_15240":15241},"up","Website is UP","down","Website is DOWN","cannotReach","Cannot Reach","statusCode","Status Code","responseTime","Response Time",{"_166":15243,"_12610":15244,"_12612":15245,"_12614":15246,"_12616":15247},"How it works","We check if the website responds to requests","If it's down for everyone, the website may be offline","If it's just you, check your internet connection or firewall","Some websites block automated checks for security","tools/week-number-calculator",{"_166":15250,"_200":15251,"_136":15252,"_1065":15253,"_1073":15254,"_3856":15257,"_3898":15272,"_57":15297,"_989":15310,"_1235":15318},"Week Number Calculator","Find the ISO week number for any date",{"_8424":8425,"_3848":3849,"_3844":3845},{"_8430":8431},{"_15255":15256},"useToday","Use Today's Date",{"_15258":15259,"_15260":15261,"_15262":15263,"_15264":15265,"_15266":15267,"_15268":15269,"_15270":15271},"sunday","Sunday","monday","Monday","tuesday","Tuesday","wednesday","Wednesday","thursday","Thursday","friday","Friday","saturday","Saturday",{"_15273":15274,"_15275":15276,"_15277":15278,"_15279":15280,"_15281":15282,"_15283":15284,"_15285":15286,"_15287":15288,"_15289":15290,"_15291":15292,"_15293":15294,"_15295":15296},"january","January","february","February","march","March","april","April","may","May","june","June","july","July","august","August","september","September","october","October","november","November","december","December",{"_15298":15299,"_15300":15301,"_1640":1641,"_15302":15303,"_15304":15305,"_15306":15307,"_15308":15309},"weekNumber","Week Number","week","Week","dayOfYear","Day of Year","daysRemaining","Days Remaining","daysInYear","Days in Year","leap","Leap",{"_166":15311,"_200":15312,"_1126":2573,"_1128":15313,"_1130":15314,"_1132":15315,"_1134":15316,"_1136":15317},"About ISO Week Numbers","ISO week numbers are a standardized way of numbering weeks in a year. Week 1 is the week containing the first Thursday of January. Weeks start on Monday and end on Sunday.","Business planning and reporting","Project scheduling and milestones","Manufacturing and production schedules","Academic calendars","Retail and sales tracking",{"_509":15319},"Enter a date to find week number","tools/wheel-spinner",{"_166":15322,"_200":15323,"_136":15324,"_1073":15330,"_57":15335,"_63":15338,"_989":15343},"Wheel Spinner","Spin the wheel to make random decisions",{"_15325":15326,"_15327":15328,"_9154":15329},"dinner","What's for Dinner?","weekend","Weekend Activity","Simple Choice",{"_15331":15332,"_15333":15334},"spin","🎯 SPIN THE WHEEL!","spinning","🎡 Spinning...",{"_15336":15337},"winner","🎉 Winner!",{"_166":15339,"_2883":15340,"_126":127,"_28":29,"_15341":15342},"Wheel Options","Add new option","maxReached","Maximum 20 options reached",{"_166":15344,"_200":15345,"_3108":3109,"_3958":15346,"_3960":15347,"_3962":15348,"_3964":15349,"_1126":2573,"_1128":15350,"_1130":15351,"_1132":15352,"_1134":15353,"_1136":15354,"_1138":15355},"How to Use the Wheel Spinner","Create a custom spinning wheel for making random decisions, choosing winners, or just having fun! Add your own options and let fate decide.","Add up to 20 custom options","Smooth spinning animation with realistic physics","Colorful, easy-to-read wheel design","Perfect for games, giveaways, and decision making","Deciding what to eat for dinner","Choosing weekend activities","Random prize giveaways and contests","Classroom activities and games","Team building exercises","Making tough decisions fun","tools/word-counter",{"_166":15358,"_200":15359,"_136":15360,"_1065":15372,"_569":15373,"_989":15378},"Word Counter","Count words, characters, sentences, and estimate reading time",{"_15361":11410,"_15362":15363,"_15364":15365,"_15366":15367,"_15368":15369,"_15370":15371},"shortParagraph","shortParagraphText","This is a short paragraph with about fifty words to demonstrate the word counter tool. It includes multiple sentences and shows how the reading time is calculated. This example is useful for testing the tool with realistic content that you might use in a blog post or article.","essayIntro","Essay Intro","essayIntroText","Essay introduction with multiple sentences. The second sentence adds more detail. Finally, a conclusion wraps things up nicely.","tweetLength","Tweet Length","tweetLengthText","Tweet-length message under 280 characters for social media!",{"_1491":2884},{"_2889":2890,"_1586":2886,"_2891":2892,"_2893":2894,"_2887":2888,"_2895":2896,"_15374":15375,"_15376":15377},"readingTime","Reading Time (200 WPM)","readingTimeValue","{{time}} min",{"_166":2901,"_12507":15379,"_15380":15381,"_15382":15383,"_15384":15385,"_15374":15386},"Twitter/X: Keep tweets under 280 characters","metaDescriptions","Meta Descriptions: Optimal length 150-160 characters","blogPosts","Blog Posts: Track word count goals (typically 1000-2000 words)","essays","Essays: Meet academic word count requirements","Reading Time: Estimate how long content takes to read","tools/word-frequency-counter",{"_166":15389,"_200":15390,"_136":15391,"_1065":15399,"_57":15402,"_616":15408,"_989":15413},"Word Frequency Counter","Count and analyze word frequencies in your text",{"_9154":4395,"_4394":15392,"_15393":15394,"_15395":15396,"_11776":11777,"_15397":15398},"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. The dog was very lazy.","ignoreCommon","Ignore Common Words","ignoreCommonText","JavaScript is great. JavaScript is powerful. JavaScript is everywhere. I love JavaScript!","caseSensitiveText","Apple apple APPLE Orange orange",{"_1489":15400,"_2883":15401,"_11776":11777,"_15393":15394},"Text to Analyze","Enter or paste text to analyze...",{"_15403":15404,"_15405":15406,"_8604":15407},"totalWords","Total words","uniqueWords","Unique words","Word Frequency Table",{"_15409":15410,"_15411":15412,"_7305":7306,"_6001":6002},"rank","Rank","word","Word",{"_166":15414,"_200":15415,"_3108":3109,"_15416":15417,"_15418":15419,"_15420":15421,"_15422":15423,"_15424":15425,"_15426":15427,"_15428":15429,"_15430":15431},"How to Use Word Frequency Counter","Paste or type your text, and instantly see word frequency statistics. The tool counts how many times each word appears and displays results in a sortable table with frequency percentages.","feature1Label","Frequency Table:","feature1Desc","Words sorted by count (highest first)","feature2Label","Case Sensitive:","feature2Desc","Option to treat \"Apple\" and \"apple\" as different","feature3Label","Ignore Common Words:","feature3Desc","Filter out common English words (the, and, is, etc.)","feature4Label","Percentage View:","feature4Desc","See each word's percentage of total words","tools/word-puzzle",{"_166":15434,"_200":15435,"_307":15436,"_15437":15438,"_974":975,"_15439":15440,"_15441":15442,"_15443":15444,"_976":977,"_980":981,"_15445":15446,"_15447":15448,"_984":15449,"_989":15450},"Word Puzzle","Guess the 5-letter word in 6 tries - use logic and deduction!","Guess the Word","wordLength","Word Length","enter","Enter","notEnoughLetters","Not enough letters","notInWordList","Not in word list","guessedIn","Guessed in {{count}} tries","theWordWas","The word was","Guess the word. Each guess must be a valid word. Hit Enter to submit.",{"_166":15451,"_200":15452,"_993":994,"_995":15453,"_997":15454,"_999":15455,"_2472":15456,"_3257":15457,"_14405":15458,"_15459":15460},"About Word Puzzle","Word Puzzle is a word guessing game. You have 6 attempts to guess a 5-letter word. After each guess, the color of the tiles changes to show how close your guess was.","Guess the word in 6 tries","Each guess must be a valid 5-letter word","The color of the tiles will change to show how close your guess was to the word","Color Meanings","Green - Letter is in the word and in the correct position","Yellow - Letter is in the word but in the wrong position","gray","Gray - Letter is not in the word at all","tools/word-scramble-generator",{"_166":15463,"_200":15464,"_136":15465,"_1065":15476,"_8198":15485,"_1073":15489,"_1714":15496,"_57":15498,"_438":15503,"_989":15507},"Word Scramble Generator","Create scrambled word puzzles for games, education, and fun",{"_9154":15466,"_15467":15468,"_15469":15470,"_15471":15472,"_13876":15473,"_15474":15475},"Simple Words","simpleWords","apple, banana, orange, grape, mango","animals","Animal Theme","animalWords","elephant, giraffe, penguin, dolphin, kangaroo","Countries","countryWords","France, Japan, Brazil, Egypt, Canada",{"_15477":15478,"_15479":15480,"_15481":15482,"_15483":15484},"wordsLabel","Words to Scramble","wordsPlaceholder","Enter words separated by commas or new lines...","difficultyLabel","Difficulty Level","showHintsLabel","Show first letter hints",{"_8200":15486,"_5926":15487,"_8203":15488},"Easy (keep first & last)","Medium (keep first)","Hard (full scramble)",{"_34":15490,"_5932":15491,"_20":15492,"_15493":15494,"_1714":15495},"Generate Scrambles","Reshuffle All","Copy Puzzle","copyAnswer","Copy with Answers","Print Puzzle",{"_166":15497},"Word Scramble Puzzle",{"_166":15499,"_15500":15501,"_1051":7708,"_2914":15502},"Scrambled Words","scrambled","Scrambled","Hint: starts with",{"_15504":15505,"_9227":15506},"noWords","Please enter at least one word to scramble","Words must be at least 3 characters",{"_166":15508,"_200":15509,"_15510":15511,"_8200":15512,"_5926":15513,"_8203":15514,"_1126":3454,"_1128":15515,"_1130":15516,"_1132":15517,"_1134":15518,"_1136":15519},"How to Use Word Scramble Generator","Create fun word scramble puzzles perfect for classroom activities, party games, vocabulary practice, or brain teasers. Enter your words and get instantly scrambled versions.","difficultyTitle","Difficulty Levels","Easy: Keeps first and last letters in place - great for beginners","Medium: Only keeps the first letter - moderate challenge","Hard: Completely scrambles all letters - maximum difficulty","Classroom vocabulary activities","Party games and icebreakers","Brain training exercises","ESL/language learning","Kids' activity sheets","tools/work-energy-calculator",{"_166":15522,"_200":15523,"_1065":15524,"_1168":15534,"_15540":15541,"_57":15544,"_136":15558,"_1238":15566,"_1235":15571,"_989":15573},"Work & Energy Calculator","Calculate work, kinetic energy, potential energy, and apply the work-energy theorem",{"_15145":1146,"_3741":3760,"_15525":15526,"_1309":14439,"_15527":15528,"_2824":1150,"_10579":10565,"_10566":10567,"_1402":2819,"_15529":10941,"_15530":15531,"_15532":15533,"_2179":2180},"displacement","Displacement (m)","angleHint","0 = parallel to motion","initialVelocity","finalVelocity","Final Velocity (m/s)","netWork","Net Work (J)",{"_10577":15535,"_5536":15536,"_4825":15537,"_15538":15539},"Work (W = Fd cos θ)","Kinetic Energy","Potential Energy","theorem","Work-Energy Theorem","solveOptions",{"_10579":15542,"_10577":15543},"Final Velocity","Net Work",{"_10577":10591,"_15545":15546,"_15547":15548,"_15549":15550,"_15551":15552,"_5547":15553,"_15530":15542,"_15532":15543,"_1221":1222,"_1223":1224,"_15554":15555,"_15556":15557},"forceComponent","Force Component","positiveWork","Positive work: Energy transferred TO the object","negativeWork","Negative work: Energy transferred FROM the object","zeroWork","Zero work: No energy transfer (force perpendicular to motion)","Gravity","changeKE","ΔKE","potentialEnergy","PE = mgh",{"_15559":15560,"_10609":15561,"_15562":15563,"_15564":15565},"pushing","Pushing a Box","Moving Car","lifted","Lifted Object","acceleration","Acceleration",{"_166":1240,"_10577":15567,"_1195":15568,"_15556":15557,"_15569":15570},"W = F × d × cos(θ)","KE = ½mv²","workEnergyTheorem","W_net = ΔKE = KE_f - KE_i",{"_1094":15572},"Enter values to calculate energy",{"_166":15574,"_200":15575,"_1260":1261,"_1262":15576,"_1264":15577,"_1266":15578,"_15579":15539,"_15580":15581},"About Work & Energy Calculator","Energy is the capacity to do work. Work is done when a force causes displacement. The work-energy theorem connects these concepts.","Work depends on force magnitude, displacement, and angle between them","Kinetic energy depends on mass and velocity squared","Potential energy depends on position in a gravitational field","theoremTitle","theoremDescription","The net work done on an object equals its change in kinetic energy: W_net = ΔKE = KE_f - KE_i","tools/would-you-rather-generator",{"_166":15584,"_200":15585,"_1065":15586,"_323":15588,"_1073":15596,"_57":15598,"_15605":15606,"_989":15687},"Would You Rather Generator","Generate fun 'Would You Rather?' questions",{"_3349":15587},"Question Category",{"_3352":3353,"_3357":3358,"_15589":15590,"_15591":15592,"_15593":15594,"_8203":15595},"deep","🤔 Deep & Thought-Provoking","silly","🤪 Silly & Absurd","gross","🤢 Gross & Disgusting","😰 Hard Choices",{"_34":15597},"🎲 Generate Question",{"_15599":15600,"_15601":15602,"_15603":15604},"wouldYouRather","Would you rather...","clickToStart","Click \"Generate Question\" to start!","perfectFor","Perfect for icebreakers, parties, and road trips","questions",{"_3357":15607,"_15589":15623,"_15591":15639,"_15593":15655,"_8203":15671},[15608,15609,15610,15611,15612,15613,15614,15615,15616,15617,15618,15619,15620,15621,15622],"Have the ability to speak to animals OR read people's minds?","Always have to sing instead of speak OR dance everywhere you go?","Have spaghetti for hair OR sweat maple syrup?","Fight one horse-sized duck OR 100 duck-sized horses?","Have to wear clown shoes every day OR a clown nose?","Be able to teleport anywhere OR be able to time travel?","Have unlimited bacon but no games OR unlimited games but no bacon?","Always have to hop everywhere OR skip everywhere?","Have fingers as long as your legs OR legs as short as your fingers?","Be able to control fire OR water?","Have a rewind button for your life OR a pause button?","Be a famous musician OR a famous actor?","Live without music OR without movies?","Have a personal chef OR a personal trainer?","Be able to fly OR be invisible?",[15624,15625,15626,15627,15628,15629,15630,15631,15632,15633,15634,15635,15636,15637,15638],"Know when you will die OR how you will die?","Be able to change your past OR see your future?","Lose all your old memories OR never be able to make new ones?","Have the ability to end world hunger OR end all wars?","Be loved by everyone but never love back OR love someone who will never love you back?","Know the harsh truth OR believe a comforting lie?","Have unlimited wealth but no friends OR have true friendships but struggle financially?","Be famous for something embarrassing OR never be famous at all?","Have the ability to change one past decision OR see one future event?","Live forever but watch everyone you love die OR live a normal lifespan?","Be able to speak all languages OR be able to speak to animals?","Have the power to cure diseases OR the power to solve climate change?","Know all the mysteries of the universe OR know every outcome of your choices?","Be able to save one stranger's life every day OR save your family once?","Have a life full of adventure but unstable OR a peaceful but predictable life?",[15640,15641,15642,15643,15644,15645,15646,15647,15648,15649,15650,15651,15652,15653,15654],"Have eyebrows made of feathers OR a nose made of cheese?","Wear shoes made of jelly OR a hat made of bacon?","Sweat cheese OR cry mayonnaise?","Have a head the size of a tennis ball OR the size of a watermelon?","Have permanent rainbow-colored hair OR glowing skin?","Always talk in rhymes OR sing everything you say?","Have to wear a tutu everywhere OR a superhero costume?","Have hands for feet OR feet for hands?","Only be able to whisper OR only be able to shout?","Have a third eye OR a third arm?","Be covered in fur OR covered in scales?","Have elephant ears OR a giraffe neck?","Sneeze confetti OR burp bubbles?","Have spaghetti arms OR pizza feet?","Always smell like onions OR always smell like garlic?",[15656,15657,15658,15659,15660,15661,15662,15663,15664,15665,15666,15667,15668,15669,15670],"Eat a spider OR a worm?","Drink sour milk OR eat moldy bread?","Never brush your teeth OR never shower?","Swim in a pool of slime OR a pool of honey?","Lick a public toilet seat OR chew someone else's used gum?","Have permanent bad breath OR permanent body odor?","Eat food that's too hot OR food that's too cold?","Step in dog poop OR step on a slug barefoot?","Have to smell someone else's feet all day OR taste their armpit sweat?","Eat a cricket OR a cockroach?","Drink pickle juice OR soy sauce?","Have really long nose hair OR really long ear hair?","Always have sticky hands OR always have wet socks?","Eat raw onion like an apple OR eat a raw potato?","Have your mouth taste like soap OR your skin feel like sandpaper?",[15672,15673,15674,15675,15676,15677,15678,15679,15680,15681,15682,15683,15684,15685,15686],"Lose your ability to read OR lose your ability to speak?","Be extremely attractive but stupid OR extremely smart but ugly?","Have no internet OR no air conditioning/heating?","Lose your sight OR lose your hearing?","Be alone for the rest of your life OR always be surrounded by annoying people?","Be poor but help people OR become rich by hurting people?","Find your true love OR find a suitcase with five million dollars?","Forget who you were OR forget who everyone else is?","Go to prison for 4 years for something you didn't do OR get away with something horrible you did?","Live without the internet OR live without AC and heating?","Be able to speak but never read OR read but never speak?","Lose your sense of taste OR your sense of smell?","Give up social media OR eat the same dinner every day for a year?","Have a job you hate with high pay OR a job you love with low pay?","Live in a big city with no privacy OR in the middle of nowhere with no people?",{"_166":15688,"_15689":12196,"_995":15690,"_997":15691,"_999":15692,"_1001":15693,"_15694":15695,"_15696":3454,"_15697":15698,"_11854":15699,"_15700":15701,"_11858":15702,"_15703":15704,"_11862":15705,"_15706":15707,"_11866":15708,"_15709":15710,"_11870":15711,"_1275":1276,"_1004":15712,"_1006":15713,"_1008":15714,"_1467":15715,"_3521":15716,"_10009":15717},"How to Play Would You Rather","rulesTitle","One person reads the \"Would You Rather\" question","Everyone chooses one of the two options","Players explain their choices (optional but fun!)","No \"both\" or \"neither\" - you must choose one!","rule5","Generate a new question and repeat","greatForTitle","use1Label","Icebreakers:","Get to know new people at parties or events","use2Label","Road Trips:","Pass time during long drives","use3Label","Family Game Night:","Fun for all ages (choose appropriate categories)","use4Label","Team Building:","Help coworkers bond and laugh together","use5Label","Conversations:","Start 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